{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3208628208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569469","title":"Modelling of an Underwater Optical Wireless Communication System With Misalignment Tolerance","display_name":"Modelling of an Underwater Optical Wireless Communication System With Misalignment Tolerance","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3208628208","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569469","mag":"3208628208"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036808367","display_name":"Veridiano M. Marques","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veridiano Marques","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039326521","display_name":"H. M. Salgado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1802-6033"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrique M. Salgado","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067749527","display_name":"L. M. Pessoa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6805-7191"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I182534213","display_name":"Universidade do Porto","ror":"https://ror.org/043pwc612","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I182534213"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166615","display_name":"INESC TEC","ror":"https://ror.org/05fa8ka61","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125590","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis M. Pessoa","raw_affiliation_strings":["INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"INESC TEC and Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I182534213","https://openalex.org/I4210166615"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.407,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50862412,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":0.9825000166893005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/common-emitter","display_name":"Common emitter","score":0.7836297154426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.6350155472755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.582295298576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lens","display_name":"Lens (geology)","score":0.5474144220352173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.5380192995071411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5311998724937439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/underwater","display_name":"Underwater","score":0.5095444321632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.43554794788360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2935282588005066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.19815874099731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18377450108528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0896877646446228}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46918542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648344","display_name":"Common emitter","level":2,"score":0.7836297154426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.6350155472755432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.582295298576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15336307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1766051","display_name":"Lens (geology)","level":2,"score":0.5474144220352173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.5380192995071411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5311998724937439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.5095444321632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.43554794788360596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2935282588005066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.19815874099731445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18377450108528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0896877646446228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6600000262260437,"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334779","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","ror":"https://ror.org/00snfqn58"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W15755586","https://openalex.org/W1564498658","https://openalex.org/W1600851620","https://openalex.org/W2043832411","https://openalex.org/W2055789678","https://openalex.org/W2057334693","https://openalex.org/W2085765714","https://openalex.org/W2104817101","https://openalex.org/W2286788142","https://openalex.org/W2727434010","https://openalex.org/W2939556008","https://openalex.org/W3017290121","https://openalex.org/W6696358987"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790856699","https://openalex.org/W963760361","https://openalex.org/W1545597883","https://openalex.org/W2606779610","https://openalex.org/W2168136726","https://openalex.org/W2161807425","https://openalex.org/W2363778638","https://openalex.org/W71732713","https://openalex.org/W2618864341","https://openalex.org/W1533881877"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"papers":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,58,67,100,112],"multiple":[4],"sensor-lens":[5],"pair":[6],"scheme":[7,103],"to":[8,64],"increase":[9],"the":[10,23,29,33,47,51,77,82,85,88,116,119,124],"misalignment":[11,38],"tolerance":[12],"and":[13,36,41],"presents":[14],"an":[15],"accurate":[16],"model":[17],"of":[18,50,70,76,84,126],"photon":[19,30],"propagation":[20],"based":[21],"on":[22],"Monte":[24],"Carlo":[25],"simulation,":[26],"that":[27,46,81,99],"includes":[28],"refraction":[31],"at":[32],"lenses":[34,102],"interface":[35],"angular":[37],"between":[39],"emitter":[40,117],"receiver.":[42],"The":[43],"results":[44],"show":[45],"ideal":[48],"divergence":[49,121],"emitter\u2019s":[52],"beam":[53],"is":[54,87,104],"around":[55],"15\u00ba":[56],"for":[57,66],"1":[59],"metre":[60],"Tx-Rx":[61],"distance,":[62],"increasing":[63],"22\u00ba":[65],"shorter":[68],"distance":[69],"0.5":[71],"metres,":[72],"but":[73],"being":[74],"independent":[75],"water":[78],"turbidity,":[79],"showing":[80],"geometry":[83],"link":[86],"dominant":[89],"factor":[90],"in":[91],"such":[92],"short-range":[93],"links.":[94],"Additionally,":[95],"it":[96],"was":[97],"concluded":[98],"7":[101],"approximately":[105],"3":[106],"times":[107],"more":[108],"offset":[109],"tolerable":[110],"than":[111],"single":[113],"lens.":[114],"Rotating":[115],"increases":[118],"optimal":[120],"while":[122],"rotating":[123],"plane":[125],"sensors":[127],"decreases":[128],"it.":[129]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}