{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3208696123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569443","title":"Deep Learning-Based Estimator for Fast HARQ Feedback in URLLC","display_name":"Deep Learning-Based Estimator for Fast HARQ Feedback in URLLC","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3208696123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569443","mag":"3208696123"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569443","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050635142","display_name":"Saleh Almarshed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-3553"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saleh AlMarshed","raw_affiliation_strings":["5G & 6G Innovation Centres Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5G & 6G Innovation Centres Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062889855","display_name":"Dionysia Triantafyllopoulou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8150-4803"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dionysia Triantafyllopoulou","raw_affiliation_strings":["5G & 6G Innovation Centres Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5G & 6G Innovation Centres Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011008020","display_name":"Klaus Moessner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0629-7998"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2610724","display_name":"Chemnitz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00a208s56","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2610724"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["DE","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Klaus Moessner","raw_affiliation_strings":["5G & 6G Innovation Centres Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, UK","Professorship for Communications Engineering, Technical University, Chemnitz, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"5G & 6G Innovation Centres Institute for Communication Systems, University of Surrey, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Professorship for Communications Engineering, Technical University, Chemnitz, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2610724"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0279,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80025881,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"642","last_page":"647"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-automatic-repeat-request","display_name":"Hybrid automatic repeat request","score":0.8152016401290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8118937015533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.6266018152236938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.5374768972396851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5274040102958679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5035776495933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4603021740913391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimator","display_name":"Estimator","score":0.45933523774147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.42243415117263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.4169137179851532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4110734760761261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.35135066509246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.33028385043144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2586895823478699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12636879086494446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.12037894129753113}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118437007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1017139","display_name":"Hybrid automatic repeat request","level":3,"score":0.8152016401290894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8118937015533447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.6266018152236938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.5374768972396851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5274040102958679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5035776495933533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4603021740913391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.45933523774147034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.42243415117263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.4169137179851532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4110734760761261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.35135066509246826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.33028385043144226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2586895823478699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12636879086494446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.12037894129753113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569443","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc50174.2021.9569443","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 32nd Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:alma.44SUR_INST:11150818580002346","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197018","display_name":"Open Research (University of Surrey)","issn_l":"2688-268X","issn":["2688-268X","2688-3988"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2519241452","https://openalex.org/W2604924587","https://openalex.org/W2746329563","https://openalex.org/W2813842446","https://openalex.org/W2963190722","https://openalex.org/W2967741019","https://openalex.org/W3022898652","https://openalex.org/W3099712176","https://openalex.org/W3121787996","https://openalex.org/W3127752306","https://openalex.org/W3198537357","https://openalex.org/W4287811172","https://openalex.org/W6777536727","https://openalex.org/W6784852313"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391128921","https://openalex.org/W2093805614","https://openalex.org/W2160687205","https://openalex.org/W3117231723","https://openalex.org/W2936301543","https://openalex.org/W2378499691","https://openalex.org/W4287639438","https://openalex.org/W3092980819","https://openalex.org/W2532182727","https://openalex.org/W4390846322"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Autonomous":[0],"systems":[1],"and":[2,55,111,152],"mission-critical":[3],"applications":[4],"demand":[5],"ultra-reliable":[6],"low-latency":[7],"communication":[8,13],"(URLLC).":[9],"To":[10,82,142],"build":[11],"wireless":[12],"networks":[14],"capable":[15],"of":[16,21,35,44,61,74,107,120,136,178],"accommodating":[17],"such":[18],"applications,":[19],"optimization":[20],"the":[22,33,45,67,72,75,105,108,118,121,127,134,137,185],"airinterface":[23],"characteristics":[24],"is":[25,64],"vital.":[26],"This":[27,125],"paper":[28],"leverages":[29],"recent":[30],"advancements":[31],"in":[32,184],"field":[34],"Artificial":[36],"Intelligence":[37],"(AI)":[38],"technologies":[39],"to":[40,49,65,103,116,129,181],"optimize":[41],"specific":[42],"aspects":[43],"air":[46],"interface":[47],"design":[48],"satisfy":[50],"these":[51],"stringent":[52],"link":[53,68],"reliability":[54],"latency":[56,69],"requirements.":[57],"The":[58,166],"precise":[59],"aim":[60],"this":[62,83],"research":[63],"reduce":[66],"caused":[70],"by":[71],"presence":[73],"Hybrid":[76],"Automatic":[77],"Repeat":[78],"reQuest":[79],"(HARQ)":[80],"mechanism.":[81],"end,":[84],"we":[85,149],"propose":[86],"a":[87,94,146,156,170],"novel":[88],"deep":[89,95],"learning-based":[90],"algorithm":[91],"(Deep-HARQ),":[92],"employing":[93],"neural":[96],"network":[97],"(DNN)":[98],"with":[99,145,159,174],"fully":[100],"connected":[101],"layers":[102],"estimate":[104],"decodability":[106],"coded-received":[109],"in-phase":[110],"quadrature":[112],"(I/Q)":[113],"signals":[114],"prior":[115],"accomplishing":[117],"majority":[119],"complex":[122],"reception":[123],"tasks.":[124],"enables":[126],"receiver":[128],"respond":[130],"faster,":[131],"allowing":[132],"for":[133],"reduction":[135],"signal":[138],"round-trip":[139],"time":[140],"(RTT).":[141],"evaluate":[143],"Deep-HARQ":[144],"realistic":[147],"dataset,":[148],"collected":[150],"training":[151],"validation":[153],"samples":[154],"from":[155],"waveform":[157],"compatible":[158],"3GPP":[160],"5G":[161],"NR":[162],"Release":[163],"15":[164],"standards.":[165],"simulation":[167],"results":[168],"reveal":[169],"faster":[171],"estimation":[172],"response,":[173],"an":[175],"accuracy":[176],"enhancement":[177],"12%":[179],"compared":[180],"relevant":[182],"algorithms":[183],"literature.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-26T07:47:46.906454","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
