{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990394467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904878","title":"Learning to Flip Successive Cancellation Decoding of Polar Codes with LSTM Networks","display_name":"Learning to Flip Successive Cancellation Decoding of Polar Codes with LSTM Networks","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990394467","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904878","mag":"2990394467"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904878","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904878","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100733413","display_name":"Xianbin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4890-0748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xianbin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074783994","display_name":"Huazi Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-1314"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huazi Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100385039","display_name":"Rong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0540-6566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039939162","display_name":"Lingchen Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4768-9787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lingchen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085319619","display_name":"Shengchen Dai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengchen Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077391340","display_name":"Yourui Huangfu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yourui Huangfu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100384805","display_name":"Jun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8127-9124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250955327","display_name":"Huawei Technologies (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/00cmhce21","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd,Hangzhou,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd, Hangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100733413"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250955327"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3426,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93116663,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10207","display_name":"Advanced biosensing and bioanalysis techniques","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11269","display_name":"Algorithms and Data Compression","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undo","display_name":"Undo","score":0.8716740608215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7817020416259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.761600136756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5715566873550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.570472240447998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.47823160886764526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/error-detection-and-correction","display_name":"Error detection and correction","score":0.47663578391075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4562351703643799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequence","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","score":0.4322766065597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1419021487236023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780154230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q513420","display_name":"Undo","level":2,"score":0.8716740608215332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7817020416259766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.761600136756897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5715566873550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.570472240447998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.47823160886764526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.47663578391075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4562351703643799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778112365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3511065","display_name":"Sequence (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4322766065597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1419021487236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904878","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904878","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117009122","https://openalex.org/W2130942839","https://openalex.org/W2134750166","https://openalex.org/W2150498905","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2589785008","https://openalex.org/W2595493241","https://openalex.org/W2766447205","https://openalex.org/W2772435313","https://openalex.org/W2898694298","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2952897440","https://openalex.org/W2962992649","https://openalex.org/W2963389341","https://openalex.org/W2964036582","https://openalex.org/W2978640684","https://openalex.org/W3106484160","https://openalex.org/W6679436768","https://openalex.org/W6732704488"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W79743612","https://openalex.org/W2115968517","https://openalex.org/W2575202322","https://openalex.org/W4244323118","https://openalex.org/W2158967736","https://openalex.org/W1038420441","https://openalex.org/W2114343912","https://openalex.org/W2980068837","https://openalex.org/W2098872742","https://openalex.org/W2109390513"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,19],"key":[1],"to":[2,12,27,57,91,95,110,121],"successive":[3],"cancellation":[4],"(SC)":[5],"flip":[6,41,152],"decoding":[7,47],"of":[8,29,78,102],"polar":[9],"codes":[10],"is":[11,23,55,89,106],"accurately":[13,140],"identify":[14],"the":[15,61,76,85,103,116,126,133,149],"first":[16,62,112,117],"error":[17,63,113,137,145],"bit.":[18],"optimal":[20],"flipping":[21],"strategy":[22],"considered":[24],"difficult":[25],"due":[26],"lack":[28],"an":[30],"analytical":[31],"solution.":[32],"Alternatively,":[33],"we":[34],"propose":[35],"a":[36,49,68,98],"deep":[37],"learning":[38],"aided":[39],"SC":[40,46,74,87,151],"algorithm.":[42],"Specifically,":[43],"before":[44],"each":[45,73],"attempt,":[48,75],"long":[50],"short-term":[51],"memory":[52],"(LSTM)":[53],"network":[54,105],"exploited":[56,90],"either":[58],"(i)":[59],"locate":[60,111],"bit,":[64],"or":[65],"(ii)":[66],"undo":[67,122],"previous":[69,86],"\"wrong\"":[70,123],"flip.":[71],"In":[72],"sequence":[77],"log":[79],"likelihood":[80],"ratios":[81],"(LLRs)":[82],"derived":[83],"in":[84,115,125],"attempt":[88],"decide":[92],"which":[93],"action":[94],"take.":[96],"Accordingly,":[97],"two-stage":[99],"training":[100],"method":[101],"LSTM":[104],"proposed,":[107],"i.e.,":[108],"learn":[109],"bits":[114,138],"stage,":[118],"and":[119,141],"then":[120],"flips":[124],"second":[127],"stage.":[128],"Simulation":[129],"results":[130],"show":[131],"that":[132],"proposed":[134],"approach":[135],"identifies":[136],"more":[139],"achieves":[142],"better":[143],"block":[144],"rate":[146],"performance":[147],"than":[148],"state-of-the-art":[150],"algorithms.":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}