{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990917079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904152","title":"Circular Space-Time Block Code Design for Ultra-Reliable Index Modulation Schemes","display_name":"Circular Space-Time Block Code Design for Ultra-Reliable Index Modulation Schemes","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990917079","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904152","mag":"2990917079"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029783018","display_name":"Zehra Y\u0131\u011f\u0131t","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7219-0833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zehra Yigit","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istanbul Technical University,Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maslak,Istanbul,Turkey,34469","Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maslak, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istanbul Technical University,Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maslak,Istanbul,Turkey,34469","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maslak, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051978835","display_name":"Ertu\u011frul Ba\u015far","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-2392"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1351752","display_name":"Ko\u00e7 University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jzwgz36","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ertugrul Basar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Koc&#x00B8; University, Sariyer,CoreLab,Istanbul,Turkey,34450","CoreLab, Koc\u00b8 University, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Koc&#x00B8; University, Sariyer,CoreLab,Istanbul,Turkey,34450","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CoreLab, Koc\u00b8 University, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1351752"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031070537","display_name":"\u0130brahim Altunba\u015f","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3639-3729"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ibrahim Altunbas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Istanbul Technical University,Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maslak,Istanbul,Turkey,34469","Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maslak, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istanbul Technical University,Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maslak,Istanbul,Turkey,34469","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Maslak, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029783018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48821501,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmit-diversity","display_name":"Transmit diversity","score":0.7160051465034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space\u2013time-block-code","display_name":"Space\u2013time block code","score":0.6715846061706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.6456727385520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.62307208776474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.5959128737449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5226818919181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5027163028717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.49116942286491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","score":0.4832683205604553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.47787871956825256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code","display_name":"Code (set theory)","score":0.47563624382019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","score":0.4638192057609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4387098252773285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coding-gain","display_name":"Coding gain","score":0.4287525713443756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/code-rate","display_name":"Code rate","score":0.4171622693538666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upper-and-lower-bounds","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","score":0.41536104679107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2563079595565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.25424924492836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.1907120943069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.18903639912605286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.16541174054145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11671888828277588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.09084463119506836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117218131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834664","display_name":"Transmit diversity","level":4,"score":0.7160051465034485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83487572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371792","display_name":"Space\u2013time block code","level":4,"score":0.6715846061706543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.6456727385520935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.62307208776474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.5959128737449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5226818919181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5027163028717041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.49116942286491394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179518139","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5140297","display_name":"Coding (social sciences)","level":2,"score":0.4832683205604553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.47787871956825256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.47563624382019043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.4638192057609558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4387098252773285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76862118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1105671","display_name":"Coding gain","level":3,"score":0.4287525713443756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206468330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q834373","display_name":"Code rate","level":3,"score":0.4171622693538666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77553402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13222579","display_name":"Upper and lower bounds","level":2,"score":0.41536104679107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2563079595565796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.25424924492836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.1907120943069458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.18903639912605286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.16541174054145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11671888828277588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.09084463119506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904152","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2019.8904152","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE 30th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:polen.itu.edu.tr:11527/68938","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11527/68938","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400460","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University Academic Open Archive (Istanbul Technical University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","host_organization_name":"Istanbul Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1509724310","https://openalex.org/W1522045078","https://openalex.org/W2107080958","https://openalex.org/W2147930274","https://openalex.org/W2172081628","https://openalex.org/W2256638885","https://openalex.org/W2295559644","https://openalex.org/W2493309683","https://openalex.org/W2547837232","https://openalex.org/W2590591413","https://openalex.org/W2744485539","https://openalex.org/W2767823454","https://openalex.org/W2786331511","https://openalex.org/W2787421772","https://openalex.org/W2802357949","https://openalex.org/W2804125062","https://openalex.org/W2904015002","https://openalex.org/W2907632319","https://openalex.org/W2921629779","https://openalex.org/W2963250023","https://openalex.org/W2963973401","https://openalex.org/W2964118826","https://openalex.org/W2964326082","https://openalex.org/W4243696438","https://openalex.org/W4246372467","https://openalex.org/W4256217385","https://openalex.org/W6747401331","https://openalex.org/W6756895236"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2141291094","https://openalex.org/W2008552097","https://openalex.org/W2003262323","https://openalex.org/W2167867945","https://openalex.org/W2004461673","https://openalex.org/W2182317678","https://openalex.org/W1970423772","https://openalex.org/W2949815684","https://openalex.org/W1714146193","https://openalex.org/W2143008244"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,24],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"a":[3,28,74],"novel":[4],"circular":[5],"space-time":[6],"block":[7],"coding":[8],"(CSTBC)-based":[9],"index":[10],"modulation":[11,33],"(IM)":[12],"technique,":[13],"which":[14,35],"achieves":[15],"various":[16,61],"orders":[17,62],"of":[18,47,63,84,114],"transmit":[19,48,64],"diversity":[20,65],"gains,":[21],"is":[22,50,88,103,118],"introduced.":[23],"the":[25,41,57,85,97,110,115],"proposed":[26,58,86,116],"system,":[27],"promising":[29],"IM":[30,55,122],"concept,":[31],"media-based":[32],"(MBM),":[34],"carries":[36],"additional":[37],"information":[38],"bits":[39],"through":[40],"available":[42],"radio":[43],"frequency":[44],"(RF)":[45],"mirrors":[46],"antennas,":[49],"considered.":[51],"Unlike":[52],"traditional":[53],"STBC-based":[54],"concepts,":[56],"technique":[59],"provides":[60],"gains":[66],"and":[67,91],"attains":[68],"higher":[69],"spectral":[70],"efficiency":[71],"values":[72],"with":[73],"single":[75],"RF":[76],"chain.":[77],"The":[78],"bit":[79,99],"error":[80,100],"rate":[81],"(BER)":[82],"performance":[83,113],"system":[87],"theoretically":[89],"analyzed":[90],"an":[92],"upper":[93],"bound":[94],"expression":[95],"for":[96],"average":[98],"probability":[101],"(ABEP)":[102],"derived.":[104],"Moreover,":[105],"via":[106],"comprehensive":[107],"computer":[108],"simulations,":[109],"improved":[111],"BER":[112],"CSTBC-IM":[117],"demonstrated":[119],"over":[120],"the-stateof-the-art":[121],"schemes.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-06T13:50:29.536080","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
