{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2787616969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2017.8292666","title":"Optimized indoor positioning for static mode smart devices using BLE","display_name":"Optimized indoor positioning for static mode smart devices using BLE","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2787616969","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2017.8292666","mag":"2787616969"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2017.8292666","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2017.8292666","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE 28th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/7330/1/PID5027469.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079346888","display_name":"Quang Huy Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5997-3339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zfme737","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Quang Huy Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078091940","display_name":"Princy Johnson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2379-9700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zfme737","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Princy Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046932726","display_name":"Trung Th\u00e0nh Nguy\u1ec5n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3268-1790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zfme737","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Trung Thanh Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020418197","display_name":"Martin Randles","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2461-4827"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","ror":"https://ror.org/04zfme737","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Randles","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079346888"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4605,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83977452,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9861000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trilateration","display_name":"Trilateration","score":0.80119389295578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initialization","display_name":"Initialization","score":0.7788108587265015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7645808458328247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth-low-energy","display_name":"Bluetooth Low Energy","score":0.7116072773933411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centroid","display_name":"Centroid","score":0.6224604249000549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bluetooth","display_name":"Bluetooth","score":0.5481191873550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/received-signal-strength-indication","display_name":"Received signal strength indication","score":0.5344582796096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5311599969863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.4989583492279053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.4532516896724701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indoor-positioning-system","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","score":0.4374029040336609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.29520469903945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2550561726093292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.17933973670005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.16243013739585876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1178981363773346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.0880974531173706}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20832178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1146298","display_name":"Trilateration","level":3,"score":0.80119389295578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114466953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6034165","display_name":"Initialization","level":2,"score":0.7788108587265015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7645808458328247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776418194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1638779","display_name":"Bluetooth Low Energy","level":4,"score":0.7116072773933411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146599234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511093","display_name":"Centroid","level":2,"score":0.6224604249000549},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C546215728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39531","display_name":"Bluetooth","level":3,"score":0.5481191873550415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778913798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1195672","display_name":"Received signal strength indication","level":3,"score":0.5344582796096802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5311599969863892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.4989583492279053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.4532516896724701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777486483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6026477","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","level":3,"score":0.4374029040336609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.29520469903945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2550561726093292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.17933973670005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16243013739585876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1178981363773346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0880974531173706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2017.8292666","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2017.8292666","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2017 IEEE 28th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk:7330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/7330/1/PID5027469.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401246","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","host_organization_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk:7330","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/id/eprint/7330/1/PID5027469.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401246","display_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I63098007","host_organization_name":"Liverpool John Moores University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63098007"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2787616969.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2787616969.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W570206989","https://openalex.org/W1979638981","https://openalex.org/W2056706311","https://openalex.org/W2077891554","https://openalex.org/W2116940043","https://openalex.org/W2122567716","https://openalex.org/W2122915435","https://openalex.org/W2163890939","https://openalex.org/W2168726641","https://openalex.org/W2320829189","https://openalex.org/W2485850820","https://openalex.org/W2570257322"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4313562878","https://openalex.org/W4282585228","https://openalex.org/W2902536584","https://openalex.org/W3009228778","https://openalex.org/W2557547260","https://openalex.org/W3029622518","https://openalex.org/W2989663650","https://openalex.org/W2809764383","https://openalex.org/W2921847910","https://openalex.org/W3016405810"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Bluetooth":[0],"Low":[1],"Energy":[2],"(BLE)":[3],"technology":[4],"and":[5,58,78],"BLE-based":[6],"devices":[7],"such":[8,116],"as":[9],"iBeacons":[10],"have":[11],"become":[12],"popular":[13],"recently.":[14],"In":[15],"this":[16],"work,":[17],"an":[18,32,104,144],"optimized":[19],"indoor":[20,33],"positioning":[21,100,147],"approach":[22,43,138],"using":[23,74,92],"BLE":[24],"for":[25,48,60],"detecting":[26],"a":[27,45,61],"smart":[28],"device's":[29],"location":[30,127],"in":[31,64,81,123,128],"environment":[34],"is":[35,44,56,71,88,103,109],"proposed.":[36],"The":[37,50,85,99],"first":[38],"stage":[39,47,87],"of":[40,146],"the":[41,65,69,75,82,89,93,96,112,125,129],"proposed":[42,137],"calibration":[46],"initialization.":[49],"Received":[51],"Signal":[52],"Strength":[53],"Indicator":[54],"(RSSI)":[55],"collected":[57],"pre-processed":[59],"stable":[62],"outcome,":[63],"second":[66],"stage.":[67,84],"Then":[68],"distance":[70],"estimated":[72],"by":[73,142],"processed":[76],"RSSI":[77],"calibrated":[79],"factors":[80],"third":[83],"final":[86],"position":[90],"estimation":[91,108],"outputs":[94],"from":[95],"previous":[97],"steps.":[98],"technique,":[101],"which":[102],"improved":[105],"Least":[106,120],"Square":[107,121],"evaluated":[110],"against":[111],"other":[113],"well-known":[114],"techniques":[115],"as,":[117],"Trilateration-Centroid,":[118],"classic":[119],"Estimation":[122],"estimating":[124],"user's":[126],"2D":[130],"plane.":[131],"Experimental":[132],"results":[133,141],"show":[134],"that":[135],"our":[136],"has":[139],"promising":[140],"achieving":[143],"accuracy":[145],"within":[148],"0.2":[149],"to":[150],"0.35m.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
