{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2565795777","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2016.7794634","title":"Enhanced time of arrival estimation and quantization for positioning in LTE networks","display_name":"Enhanced time of arrival estimation and quantization for positioning in LTE networks","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2565795777","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2016.7794634","mag":"2565795777"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2016.7794634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2016.7794634","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073489364","display_name":"Henrik Ryd\u00e9n","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrik Ryden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Research, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Research, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103027726","display_name":"Ali A. Zaidi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2855-2643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali A. Zaidi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Research, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Research, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060398288","display_name":"Sara Modarres Razavi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Modarres Razavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Research, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Research, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017357798","display_name":"Fredrik Gunnarsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6387-3472"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fredrik Gunnarsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Research, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Research, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011008684","display_name":"Iana Siomina","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-0333-0864"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iana Siomina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Research, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Research, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8602,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.87311013,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-arrival","display_name":"Time of arrival","score":0.8088599443435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7187356948852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.6154856085777283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6151278018951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5736527442932129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.565083384513855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5439396500587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulse","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","score":0.4905652403831482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/user-equipment","display_name":"User equipment","score":0.47895246744155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.45570454001426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateration","display_name":"Multilateration","score":0.43360432982444763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3344818353652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2556535005569458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16881704330444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12637671828269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07602936029434204}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.8088599443435669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7187356948852539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.6154856085777283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6151278018951416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5736527442932129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.565083384513855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5439396500587463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70836080","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837940","display_name":"Impulse (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4905652403831482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781327853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3552547","display_name":"User equipment","level":3,"score":0.47895246744155884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.45570454001426697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104037064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640884","display_name":"Multilateration","level":3,"score":0.43360432982444763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3344818353652954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2556535005569458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16881704330444336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12637671828269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07602936029434204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2016.7794634","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2016.7794634","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2016 IEEE 27th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1932602369","https://openalex.org/W2014877498","https://openalex.org/W2062247251","https://openalex.org/W2064709024","https://openalex.org/W2103889228","https://openalex.org/W2133490805","https://openalex.org/W2135401627","https://openalex.org/W2162184158","https://openalex.org/W2312483668","https://openalex.org/W2544039960"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3128256986","https://openalex.org/W2618989968","https://openalex.org/W4365807906","https://openalex.org/W2516574128","https://openalex.org/W2157864637","https://openalex.org/W2066348132","https://openalex.org/W3100472506","https://openalex.org/W1529846114","https://openalex.org/W2932879926","https://openalex.org/W2786645303"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Observed":[0],"Time":[1],"Difference":[2],"of":[3,26,29,47,61,66,74,92,132,145,179,189],"Arrival":[4],"(OTDOA)":[5],"is":[6,104,149,162,192,211],"a":[7,19,106,167,186,222],"downlink":[8],"positioning":[9,215],"method":[10,128,148,161],"in":[11,17,45,97,109,137,183,208],"Long":[12],"Term":[13],"Evolution":[14],"(LTE)":[15],"networks,":[16],"which":[18,54],"User":[20],"Equipment":[21],"(UE)":[22],"measures":[23],"the":[24,43,59,62,67,72,75,89,93,98,113,130,133,146,174,177,204,214],"time":[25,50,90],"arrival":[27],"(TOA)":[28],"reference":[30,48],"signals":[31],"received":[32],"from":[33],"multiple":[34],"base":[35],"stations.":[36],"The":[37,64,143,158],"TOA":[38,86,190],"measurements":[39],"are":[40,55],"reported":[41,78],"to":[42,57,164],"network":[44],"terms":[46],"signal":[49,116],"difference":[51],"(RSTD)":[52],"measurements,":[53],"used":[56,169],"determine":[58,85],"position":[60,69],"UE.":[63],"accuracy":[65,73,216],"estimated":[68,99,139],"relies":[70],"on":[71],"measured":[76],"and":[77,213],"RSTDs":[79],"(equivalently":[80],"TOAs).":[81],"A":[82],"UE":[83],"can":[84,117,217],"by":[87,221],"measuring":[88],"delay":[91],"first":[94,134],"channel":[95,100,135,140,156],"tap":[96,136],"impulse":[101,141],"response.":[102,142],"This":[103,123],"usually":[105],"nontrivial":[107],"task":[108],"indoor":[110],"environments":[111],"where":[112,185],"line-of-site":[114],"(LOS)":[115],"be":[118,218],"weak":[119],"or":[120],"even":[121],"non-existent.":[122],"paper":[124,175],"proposes":[125],"an":[126,138,152],"iterative":[127,160],"for":[129],"detection":[131],"performance":[144],"proposed":[147,159],"evaluated":[150],"using":[151],"ITU":[153],"Macro":[154],"3D":[155],"model.":[157],"shown":[163,202],"always":[165],"outperform":[166],"commonly":[168],"fixed":[170],"threshold/non-iterative":[171],"method.":[172],"Furthermore,":[173],"analyzes":[176],"impact":[178],"RSTD":[180,206,224],"quantization":[181],"resolution":[182],"scenarios":[184],"good":[187],"quality":[188],"estimation":[191],"already":[193],"available.":[194],"By":[195],"introducing":[196],"higher":[197],"resolutions,":[198],"it":[199],"has":[200],"been":[201],"that":[203],"current":[205],"reporting":[207,225],"LTE":[209],"specifications":[210],"limiting,":[212],"further":[219],"improved":[220],"finer":[223],"resolution.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}