{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2189344439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2015.7343658","title":"A smartphone-based indoor positioning system using fuzzy theory and WLAN mapping algorithm","display_name":"A smartphone-based indoor positioning system using fuzzy theory and WLAN mapping algorithm","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2189344439","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2015.7343658","mag":"2189344439"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2015.7343658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2015.7343658","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 26th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100323156","display_name":"Chao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0642-7334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002774811","display_name":"Zhuqing Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6308-5708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuqing Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071080778","display_name":"Cheng-Kai Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengkai Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101551139","display_name":"Xinmeng Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinmeng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072887238","display_name":"Yuying Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4331-1418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuying Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100323156"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7891,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76706625,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12546","display_name":"Smart Parking Systems Research","score":0.9821000099182129,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11500","display_name":"Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics","score":0.979200005531311,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dead-reckoning","display_name":"Dead reckoning","score":0.756982684135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.748969554901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6333985328674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.6247097253799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5569559335708618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pedestrian","display_name":"Pedestrian","score":0.5246065855026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-positioning-system","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","score":0.517987847328186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/location-based-service","display_name":"Location-based service","score":0.5157440304756165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fuzzy-logic","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","score":0.5003645420074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/indoor-positioning-system","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","score":0.4463997483253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.43927091360092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4227522611618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/positioning-system","display_name":"Positioning system","score":0.413469523191452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3908542990684509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.24028557538986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accelerometer","display_name":"Accelerometer","score":0.13728347420692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10524982213973999}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106165642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152255","display_name":"Dead reckoning","level":3,"score":0.756982684135437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.748969554901123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6333985328674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.6247097253799438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5569559335708618},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777113093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221488","display_name":"Pedestrian","level":2,"score":0.5246065855026245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187394410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Hybrid positioning system","level":4,"score":0.517987847328186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155292070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1198122","display_name":"Location-based service","level":2,"score":0.5157440304756165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.5003645420074463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777486483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6026477","display_name":"Indoor positioning system","level":3,"score":0.4463997483253479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.43927091360092163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4227522611618042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778603505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17141406","display_name":"Positioning system","level":3,"score":0.413469523191452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3908542990684509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.24028557538986206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89805583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192940","display_name":"Accelerometer","level":2,"score":0.13728347420692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10524982213973999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2015.7343658","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2015.7343658","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 26th Annual International Symposium on Personal, Indoor, and Mobile Radio Communications (PIMRC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8100000023841858,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W316049612","https://openalex.org/W1964122991","https://openalex.org/W1970665239","https://openalex.org/W1973466238","https://openalex.org/W1992340885","https://openalex.org/W2001723091","https://openalex.org/W2004348403","https://openalex.org/W2010121988","https://openalex.org/W2042821893","https://openalex.org/W2044441859","https://openalex.org/W2071044862","https://openalex.org/W2126425443","https://openalex.org/W2137912898","https://openalex.org/W2185033097","https://openalex.org/W2395444749","https://openalex.org/W6643700170","https://openalex.org/W6651250024","https://openalex.org/W6686514974","https://openalex.org/W6712082949"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W189713034","https://openalex.org/W2552390423","https://openalex.org/W2338366266","https://openalex.org/W2755401669","https://openalex.org/W3204118479","https://openalex.org/W2903896792","https://openalex.org/W2899058086","https://openalex.org/W1926767291","https://openalex.org/W2144194782","https://openalex.org/W2389607077"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"we":[1,112],"all":[2],"know,":[3],"the":[4,13,27,31,37,63,135,143,152,156,179],"accuracy":[5],"of":[6,21,65,133,167,176],"GPS":[7],"become":[8],"worse":[9],"indoors":[10],"due":[11],"to":[12,48,104],"satellite":[14],"signal":[15],"attenuation.":[16],"However,":[17,62],"people":[18],"spend":[19],"most":[20],"his":[22],"or":[23],"her":[24],"time":[25],"in":[26,36,54,77,163],"indoor":[28,38,42,86],"environment":[29],"and":[30,69,98,129,155,178],"location-based":[32,50],"service":[33,51],"is":[34,102,171,181],"needed":[35],"environment.":[39],"Hence,":[40],"many":[41],"positioning":[43,87],"techniques":[44],"have":[45],"been":[46],"researched":[47],"provide":[49],"for":[52],"visitors":[53],"public":[55],"buildings":[56],"such":[57],"as":[58],"museums,":[59],"galleries,":[60],"etc.":[61],"distinguish":[64,123],"human's":[66,126],"moving":[67,127],"patterns":[68,128],"initial":[70,144],"position":[71,147,154,158],"detection":[72,120],"are":[73],"two":[74],"difficult":[75],"problems":[76],"Pedestrian":[78,91],"Dead":[79,92],"Reckoning":[80],"(PDR)":[81],"system.":[82],"Therefore,":[83],"A":[84],"smartphone-based":[85],"system":[88,170],"(called":[89],"Improved":[90],"Reckoning,":[93],"IPDR)":[94],"using":[95],"fuzzy":[96,117],"theory":[97],"WLAN":[99,138,160],"mapping":[100,139,157],"algorithm":[101,140],"presented":[103],"solve":[105],"these":[106],"problems.":[107],"In":[108],"our":[109,168],"proposed":[110],"system,":[111],"propose":[113],"a":[114,174],"method":[115],"called":[116],"step":[118],"length":[119],"which":[121],"can":[122,148],"five":[124],"different":[125],"handle":[130],"various":[131],"ways":[132],"holding":[134],"phone.":[136],"The":[137,165],"could":[141],"calculate":[142],"position.":[145],"Calibrated":[146],"be":[149],"obtained":[150],"from":[151,159],"IPDR":[153,169],"map":[161],"acquired":[162],"advance.":[164],"performance":[166],"verified":[172],"via":[173],"set":[175],"simulations":[177],"result":[180],"positive.":[182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
