{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109772141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2009.5449728","title":"Exploiting vertical diversity in vehicular channel environments","display_name":"Exploiting vertical diversity in vehicular channel environments","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109772141","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2009.5449728","mag":"2109772141"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2009.5449728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2009.5449728","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE 20th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019951975","display_name":"Sang-Ho Oh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1043-5206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sangho Oh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA","Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway NJ 08854"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway NJ 08854","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086530852","display_name":"Sanjit K. Kaul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5867-8584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanjit Kaul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA","Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway NJ 08854"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway NJ 08854","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078160983","display_name":"Marco Gruteser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7424-4951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102322142","display_name":"Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey","ror":"https://ror.org/05vt9qd57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Gruteser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA","Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway NJ 08854"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical & Computer Engineering, Rutgers University, 94 Brett Rd, Piscataway NJ 08854","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019951975"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102322142"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56076239,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"958","last_page":"962"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-diversity","display_name":"Antenna diversity","score":0.7281040549278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooperative-diversity","display_name":"Cooperative diversity","score":0.7232073545455933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.646802544593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.5689762830734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","score":0.5639117956161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.5152788162231445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4976945221424103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-gain","display_name":"Diversity gain","score":0.494174987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4823612570762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity-scheme","display_name":"Diversity scheme","score":0.45562055706977844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4501058757305145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.3974822163581848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3769415616989136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.356008380651474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07134029269218445}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60069766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357054","display_name":"Antenna diversity","level":3,"score":0.7281040549278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6832461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5167914","display_name":"Cooperative diversity","level":4,"score":0.7232073545455933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.646802544593811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5689762830734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5639117956161499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.5152788162231445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4976945221424103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164785522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283966","display_name":"Diversity gain","level":4,"score":0.494174987077713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4823612570762634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198746922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230593","display_name":"Diversity scheme","level":4,"score":0.45562055706977844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4501058757305145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.3974822163581848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3769415616989136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.356008380651474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07134029269218445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2009.5449728","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2009.5449728","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 IEEE 20th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.224.6189","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.224.6189","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.winlab.rutgers.edu/%7Egruteser/papers/Sangho2009.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W581227651","https://openalex.org/W1565480256","https://openalex.org/W2101431076","https://openalex.org/W2103905561","https://openalex.org/W2125406851","https://openalex.org/W2132536388","https://openalex.org/W2145417574","https://openalex.org/W2170882064","https://openalex.org/W2478690774"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2106419665","https://openalex.org/W2356024050","https://openalex.org/W2126877935","https://openalex.org/W2184020688","https://openalex.org/W189118074","https://openalex.org/W2158609028","https://openalex.org/W2012008471","https://openalex.org/W2163780539","https://openalex.org/W2141820197","https://openalex.org/W2003125408"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Antenna":[0],"diversity":[1,25,57,61,100,104],"is":[2,26],"a":[3,14,20,91],"well-known":[4],"technique":[5],"used":[6],"to":[7,23,29],"improve":[8],"the":[9,44,53,74,80,96,103,115],"quality":[10],"and":[11,106],"reliability":[12],"of":[13,46,55,82,98,118],"wireless":[15],"link.":[16],"In":[17,48],"vehicular":[18,64],"networks,":[19],"different":[21],"approach":[22],"antenna":[24,87,119],"needed":[27],"due":[28],"their":[30],"unique":[31],"channel":[32],"characteristics.":[33],"However,":[34],"this":[35,49],"issue":[36],"has":[37,112],"not":[38],"been":[39],"actively":[40],"researched,":[41],"especially":[42],"for":[43,114],"positioning":[45],"antennas.":[47],"paper,":[50],"we":[51,77,94],"highlight":[52],"benefit":[54,97],"vertical":[56,99],"over":[58],"traditional":[59],"horizontal":[60],"techniques":[62],"in":[63,73,90,121],"network":[65],"environments.":[66],"Through":[67],"experiments":[68],"using":[69],"IEEE":[70],"802.11a":[71],"radios":[72],"5.2GHz":[75],"band,":[76],"first":[78],"show":[79,95],"difference":[81],"attenuation":[83],"patterns":[84],"from":[85],"various":[86],"positions":[88],"installed":[89],"vehicle,":[92],"then":[93],"by":[101],"quantifying":[102],"gains":[105],"combined":[107],"error":[108],"rates.":[109],"This":[110],"finding":[111],"implications":[113],"future":[116],"position":[117],"installation":[120],"vehicles.":[122]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}