{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122114451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2008.4699568","title":"Decentralized positioning and tracking based on a variable step-size incremental subgradient algorithm for wireless sensor networks","display_name":"Decentralized positioning and tracking based on a variable step-size incremental subgradient algorithm for wireless sensor networks","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122114451","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2008.4699568","mag":"2122114451"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2008.4699568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2008.4699568","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005169457","display_name":"Chin-Liang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3544-3165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chin-Liang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Institute of Communications Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Dept. of Electr. Eng., Nat. Tsing Hua Univ., Hsinchu#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Institute of Communications Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng., Nat. Tsing Hua Univ., Hsinchu#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012268206","display_name":"Dong-Shing Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dong-Shing Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Inst. of Commun. Eng., Nat. Tsing-Hua Univ., Hsinchu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Commun. Eng., Nat. Tsing-Hua Univ., Hsinchu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054211005","display_name":"Jian-Hao Kuan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25846049","display_name":"National Tsing Hua University","ror":"https://ror.org/00zdnkx70","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian-Hao Kuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communications Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","Inst. of Commun. Eng., Nat. Tsing-Hua Univ., Hsinchu"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communications Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Commun. Eng., Nat. Tsing-Hua Univ., Hsinchu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25846049"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4233,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79011331,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subgradient-method","display_name":"Subgradient method","score":0.7356941103935242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6265435218811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.5942675471305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convergence","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","score":0.5535573959350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.5423115491867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5383374094963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.45433762669563293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.4525652229785919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.44282639026641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-method","display_name":"Iterative method","score":0.4330942928791046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4270440936088562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iterative-and-incremental-development","display_name":"Iterative and incremental development","score":0.4168052077293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.37547770142555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.20237529277801514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11622181534767151}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158968445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631150","display_name":"Subgradient method","level":2,"score":0.7356941103935242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6265435218811035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.5942675471305847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5535573959350586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.5423115491867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5383374094963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.45433762669563293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.4525652229785919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.44282639026641846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159694833","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2321565","display_name":"Iterative method","level":2,"score":0.4330942928791046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4270440936088562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143587482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1543216","display_name":"Iterative and incremental development","level":2,"score":0.4168052077293396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.37547770142555237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.20237529277801514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11622181534767151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2008.4699568","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2008.4699568","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE 19th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1550507966","https://openalex.org/W1568668329","https://openalex.org/W2124945426","https://openalex.org/W2128745767","https://openalex.org/W2130513865","https://openalex.org/W2140835568","https://openalex.org/W2144361468","https://openalex.org/W2160498816","https://openalex.org/W2170102584","https://openalex.org/W2544515865"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2087889637","https://openalex.org/W2498640783","https://openalex.org/W2022562732","https://openalex.org/W1495035728","https://openalex.org/W2034475059","https://openalex.org/W2026748623","https://openalex.org/W2758781407","https://openalex.org/W2185389722","https://openalex.org/W2528330837","https://openalex.org/W2170974505"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,94],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,80],"propose":[4],"a":[5,12,20,34,50,77,83,96],"modified":[6],"incremental":[7],"subgradient":[8],"(MIG)":[9],"algorithm":[10,48],"with":[11,49,108],"variable":[13],"step":[14,52],"size":[15,53],"for":[16,101],"positioning":[17,28,104,110],"and":[18,43,72,111,121],"tracking":[19,112,122],"target":[21],"in":[22,63],"wireless":[23],"sensor":[24],"networks.":[25],"The":[26],"proposed":[27,115],"scheme":[29,59,116],"formulates":[30],"location":[31,119],"estimation":[32],"as":[33],"nonlinear":[35],"least-squares":[36],"problem":[37],"using":[38],"the":[39,46,56,89,92,102,114],"received":[40],"signal":[41],"strength,":[42],"then":[44],"applies":[45],"MIG":[47],"fixed":[51],"to":[54,68],"solve":[55],"problem.":[57],"This":[58],"can":[60],"be":[61],"realized":[62],"an":[64],"iterative,":[65],"decentralized":[66],"manner":[67],"improve":[69],"both":[70],"bandwidth":[71],"energy":[73],"efficiencies.":[74],"To":[75],"track":[76],"moving":[78],"target,":[79],"further":[81],"present":[82],"step-size":[84],"adjustment":[85],"mechanism":[86],"based":[87],"on":[88],"velocity":[90],"of":[91],"target.":[93],"addition,":[95],"convergence":[97],"analysis":[98],"is":[99],"given":[100],"MIG-based":[103],"process.":[105],"As":[106],"compared":[107],"related":[109],"methods,":[113],"has":[117],"better":[118],"accuracy":[120],"performance.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
