{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2162433817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2007.4394117","title":"Location Management in 3G Networks using a 2-Level Distributed Database Architecture","display_name":"Location Management in 3G Networks using a 2-Level Distributed Database Architecture","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2162433817","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2007.4394117","mag":"2162433817"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2007.4394117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2007.4394117","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058708821","display_name":"Dimitrios D. Vergados","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-0108"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98805295","display_name":"University of the Aegean","ror":"https://ror.org/03zsp3p94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98805295"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios D. Vergados","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, University of Aegean, Samos, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, University of Aegean, Samos, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98805295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087065660","display_name":"Alexandros Panoutsakopoulos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98805295","display_name":"University of the Aegean","ror":"https://ror.org/03zsp3p94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98805295"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandros Panoutsakopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, University of Aegean, Samos, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information and Communication Systems Engineering, University of Aegean, Samos, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98805295"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006731035","display_name":"Christos Douligeris","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154757721","display_name":"University of Piraeus","ror":"https://ror.org/02qs84g94","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Douligeris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics, University of Piraeus, Piraeus, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154757721"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058708821"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98805295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2835,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83463919,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"5"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12203","display_name":"Mobile Agent-Based Network Management","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9968000054359436,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7651875019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-database","display_name":"Distributed database","score":0.7024120092391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/latency","display_name":"Latency (audio)","score":0.6854053735733032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5869654417037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5612807869911194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.5197265148162842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-reduction","display_name":"Cost reduction","score":0.45907992124557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4533989429473877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.45153599977493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-management","display_name":"Distributed management","score":0.44295981526374817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database-server","display_name":"Database server","score":0.4307393431663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.42362287640571594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.4220942258834839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multitier-architecture","display_name":"Multitier architecture","score":0.41107118129730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobility-management","display_name":"Mobility management","score":0.41009053587913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.39692920446395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1763724386692047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07911422848701477}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7651875019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70061542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989016","display_name":"Distributed database","level":2,"score":0.7024120092391968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82876162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17096504","display_name":"Latency (audio)","level":2,"score":0.6854053735733032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5869654417037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5612807869911194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.5197265148162842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778820799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454688","display_name":"Cost reduction","level":2,"score":0.45907992124557495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4533989429473877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45153599977493286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283162","display_name":"Distributed management","level":2,"score":0.44295981526374817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205295232","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76320","display_name":"Database server","level":2,"score":0.4307393431663513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.42362287640571594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.4220942258834839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80445892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052721","display_name":"Multitier architecture","level":3,"score":0.41107118129730225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778555145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4476379","display_name":"Mobility management","level":2,"score":0.41009053587913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.39692920446395874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1763724386692047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07911422848701477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2007.4394117","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2007.4394117","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2007 IEEE 18th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1517278721","https://openalex.org/W2011175835","https://openalex.org/W2053468050","https://openalex.org/W2062023707","https://openalex.org/W2099570309","https://openalex.org/W2113892470","https://openalex.org/W2141174133","https://openalex.org/W2156585334","https://openalex.org/W2165617853","https://openalex.org/W2562655562"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014808332","https://openalex.org/W2021444669","https://openalex.org/W4296450441","https://openalex.org/W2079317572","https://openalex.org/W4297855787","https://openalex.org/W2568928631","https://openalex.org/W2350455347","https://openalex.org/W162176605","https://openalex.org/W2093977811","https://openalex.org/W2142377242"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,27],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"introduce":[4],"a":[5,48,84,94,107],"2-level":[6,85],"distributed":[7,86,121,132],"database":[8],"architecture":[9,88],"combined":[10],"with":[11,47,83],"the":[12,29,38,54,74,79,98,110,116,120,124,128],"Group":[13],"Registration":[14,61],"(GR)":[15],"location":[16,31,39],"tracking":[17],"strategy":[18,81,126,130],"to":[19,53,115],"be":[20],"used":[21],"in":[22,44,68,89],"3G":[23,90],"wireless":[24],"networks.":[25],"With":[26],"strategy,":[28],"total":[30,99],"management":[32],"cost":[33,100],"is":[34],"reduced":[35],"by":[36],"updating":[37],"of":[40,73,97,109,119],"MTs":[41],"(Mobile":[42],"Terminals)":[43],"an":[45],"RA":[46],"single":[49],"route":[50],"response":[51],"message":[52],"HSS":[55],"(Home":[56],"Subscriber":[57],"Server).":[58],"The":[59,70],"Location":[60],"and":[62,127],"Call":[63],"Delivery":[64],"procedures":[65],"are":[66],"presented":[67],"detail.":[69],"extensive":[71],"analysis":[72],"numerical":[75],"results":[76],"shows":[77],"that":[78],"GR":[80,125,129],"integrated":[82],"databases":[87,122],"networks":[91],"can":[92],"achieve":[93],"significant":[95],"reduction":[96,108],"per":[101],"call":[102,111],"arrival,":[103],"as":[104],"well":[105],"as,":[106],"delivery":[112],"latency,":[113],"compared":[114],"corresponding":[117],"costs":[118],"without":[123,131],"databases.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
