{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1517194807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2004.1368845","title":"Level-based key establishment for multicast communication in mobile ad hoc networks","display_name":"Level-based key establishment for multicast communication in mobile ad hoc networks","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-01-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1517194807","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2004.1368845","mag":"1517194807"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2004.1368845","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2004.1368845","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8754)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010398023","display_name":"Anindo Mukherjee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Mukherjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA","Center for Distributed & Mobile Comput. Lab., Cincinnati Univ., OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Distributed & Mobile Comput. Lab., Cincinnati Univ., OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110922903","display_name":"Mangalam Gupta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA","Center for Distributed & Mobile Comput. Lab., Cincinnati Univ., OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Distributed & Mobile Comput. Lab., Cincinnati Univ., OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027834557","display_name":"Hongmei Deng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2438-2088"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongmei Deng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA","Center for Distributed & Mobile Comput. Lab., Cincinnati Univ., OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Distributed & Mobile Comput. Lab., Cincinnati Univ., OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050922407","display_name":"Dharma P. Agrawal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3366-057X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.P. Agrawal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA","Center for Distributed & Mobile Comput. Lab., Cincinnati Univ., OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Distributed and Mobile Computing Laboratory, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Distributed & Mobile Comput. Lab., Cincinnati Univ., OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010398023"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5191,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70393581,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"se 15","issue":null,"first_page":"2871","last_page":"2875"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.806808590888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8026812076568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicast","display_name":"Multicast","score":0.7949295043945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5590655207633972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","score":0.5480055212974548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-ad-hoc-network","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","score":0.5151687860488892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-encapsulation","display_name":"Key encapsulation","score":0.4938998818397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-specific-multicast","display_name":"Source-specific multicast","score":0.47343018651008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secure-multicast","display_name":"Secure multicast","score":0.44980964064598083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.43231427669525146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geocast","display_name":"Geocast","score":0.4100058674812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution","display_name":"Key distribution","score":0.3860681653022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.3783516585826874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pragmatic-general-multicast","display_name":"Pragmatic General Multicast","score":0.3453124463558197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.32715925574302673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.28288888931274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimized-link-state-routing-protocol","display_name":"Optimized Link State Routing Protocol","score":0.2222636342048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.2169831097126007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing-protocol","display_name":"Routing protocol","score":0.11786285042762756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.09753808379173279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09563711285591125}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.806808590888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8026812076568604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32295351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899288","display_name":"Multicast","level":2,"score":0.7949295043945312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5590655207633972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94523657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Wireless ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.5480055212974548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91280400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4085781","display_name":"Mobile ad hoc network","level":3,"score":0.5151687860488892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35181327","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398156","display_name":"Key encapsulation","level":5,"score":0.4938998818397522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18787934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7565105","display_name":"Source-specific multicast","level":3,"score":0.47343018651008606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776147584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2711392","display_name":"Secure multicast","level":5,"score":0.44980964064598083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.43231427669525146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108207678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689216","display_name":"Geocast","level":5,"score":0.4100058674812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160333310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398153","display_name":"Key distribution","level":4,"score":0.3860681653022766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.3783516585826874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112037812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2107523","display_name":"Pragmatic General Multicast","level":4,"score":0.3453124463558197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.32715925574302673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.28288888931274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204739117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1368373","display_name":"Optimized Link State Routing Protocol","level":4,"score":0.2222636342048645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.2169831097126007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104954878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1648707","display_name":"Routing protocol","level":3,"score":0.11786285042762756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.09753808379173279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09563711285591125}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2004.1368845","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2004.1368845","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2004 IEEE 15th International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications (IEEE Cat. No.04TH8754)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308281","display_name":"Ohio Board of Regents","ror":"https://ror.org/00gj19047"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309392","display_name":"Louisiana Board of Regents","ror":"https://ror.org/00jv89z46"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2064967060","https://openalex.org/W2117771067","https://openalex.org/W2159945176","https://openalex.org/W2161537631","https://openalex.org/W3152174782","https://openalex.org/W4361866712","https://openalex.org/W6666953248","https://openalex.org/W6676857448"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2117717719","https://openalex.org/W2350292332","https://openalex.org/W2247198827","https://openalex.org/W3147332615","https://openalex.org/W1527943431","https://openalex.org/W1989822316","https://openalex.org/W2123411742","https://openalex.org/W3211914011","https://openalex.org/W3080888792","https://openalex.org/W2765998650"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Many":[0],"emerging":[1],"mobile":[2,37],"wireless":[3],"applications":[4],"use":[5],"symmetric":[6,50,56],"keys":[7,58],"for":[8,36],"secure":[9],"multicast":[10,40],"communication.":[11],"This":[12],"key":[13,51,53,77,97],"has":[14],"to":[15,23,105],"be":[16,73,83,106],"changed":[17],"every":[18],"time":[19],"a":[20,31,49],"user":[21],"decides":[22],"leave":[24],"or":[25],"join":[26],"the":[27,68,76,92,101],"network.":[28],"We":[29],"introduce":[30],"novel":[32],"hierarchical":[33],"security":[34],"framework":[35],"ad":[38],"hoc":[39],"networks":[41],"in":[42],"which":[43],"data":[44],"encryption":[45],"is":[46,66],"done":[47],"using":[48,55],"and":[52,59,80],"establishment":[54,98],"'level'":[57],"asymmetric":[60],"node":[61],"keys.":[62],"Our":[63,88],"primary":[64],"contention":[65],"that":[67],"tree":[69],"formation":[70],"process":[71,79],"should":[72,81],"integrated":[74],"with":[75],"exchange":[78],"not":[82],"treated":[84],"as":[85],"an":[86],"add-on.":[87],"scheme":[89],"effectively":[90],"handles":[91],"impact":[93],"of":[94,103],"mobility":[95],"on":[96],"while":[99],"minimizing":[100],"number":[102],"messages":[104],"exchanged.":[107]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}