{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1481870071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2003.1260464","title":"Duals of linear binary space-time codes","display_name":"Duals of linear binary space-time codes","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1481870071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2003.1260464","mag":"1481870071"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2003.1260464","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2003.1260464","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"14th IEEE Proceedings on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2003. PIMRC 2003.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076257796","display_name":"S. Hirst","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185658715","display_name":"Universities UK","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmfs450","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185658715"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"S. Hirst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, University of York, York, UK","[Dept. of Electron., York Univ., UK]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electron., York Univ., UK]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185658715"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072939307","display_name":"Alister G. Burr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6435-3962"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185658715","display_name":"Universities UK","ror":"https://ror.org/00mmfs450","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185658715"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52099693","display_name":"University of York","ror":"https://ror.org/04m01e293","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Burr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics, University of York, York, UK","[Dept. of Electron., York Univ., UK]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics, University of York, York, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52099693"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electron., York Univ., UK]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185658715"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5076257796"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185658715","https://openalex.org/I52099693"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.03265863,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"1978","last_page":"1982"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator-matrix","display_name":"Generator matrix","score":0.8039167523384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.6811010837554932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual-polyhedron","display_name":"Dual polyhedron","score":0.6054965257644653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-code","display_name":"Linear code","score":0.5892337560653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/block-code","display_name":"Block code","score":0.5384829044342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5152668952941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.5127606987953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concatenated-error-correction-code","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","score":0.4888412356376648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/turbo-code","display_name":"Turbo code","score":0.4826927185058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","score":0.476767361164093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4441416561603546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.4424824118614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmit-diversity","display_name":"Transmit diversity","score":0.4288371205329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3753558099269867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.3726882338523865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.3026878833770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/combinatorics","display_name":"Combinatorics","score":0.3004612922668457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1842014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1502046","display_name":"Generator matrix","level":3,"score":0.8039167523384094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.6811010837554932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105313907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1053857","display_name":"Dual polyhedron","level":2,"score":0.6054965257644653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2400350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752667","display_name":"Linear code","level":4,"score":0.5892337560653687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157125643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q884707","display_name":"Block code","level":3,"score":0.5384829044342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5152668952941895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.5127606987953186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78944582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5158264","display_name":"Concatenated error correction code","level":4,"score":0.4888412356376648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114504821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2164281","display_name":"Turbo code","level":3,"score":0.4826927185058594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.476767361164093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4441416561603546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.4424824118614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117218131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7834664","display_name":"Transmit diversity","level":4,"score":0.4288371205329895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3753558099269867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.3726882338523865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.3026878833770752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.3004612922668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pimrc.2003.1260464","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pimrc.2003.1260464","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"14th IEEE Proceedings on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2003. PIMRC 2003.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1644685503","https://openalex.org/W2010559099","https://openalex.org/W2107229032","https://openalex.org/W2118040894","https://openalex.org/W2125823197"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4247927056","https://openalex.org/W1968396483","https://openalex.org/W4297536019","https://openalex.org/W1509734363","https://openalex.org/W135568846","https://openalex.org/W2913933112","https://openalex.org/W2950636389","https://openalex.org/W2150212378","https://openalex.org/W2147254059","https://openalex.org/W2075924030"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0,38],"the":[1,33,49,54,70,84,129],"quasi-static":[2],"Rayleigh":[3],"fading":[4],"multiple-input/multiple":[5],"output":[6],"(MIMO)":[7],"channel,":[8],"we":[9,44,67],"consider":[10],"BPSK":[11,121],"space-time":[12],"(ST)":[13],"codes":[14,29,104,143],"with":[15,152],"rates":[16],"/spl":[17,22],"ges/":[18],"1":[19],"and":[20,42,53,88,97,146],"diversity":[21,95,102,119,139],"les/":[23],"L":[24,31,39,96,99,120],"derived":[25],"from":[26,155],"linear":[27,75],"binary":[28],"where":[30],"is":[32],"number":[34],"of":[35,72,74,115,135],"transmit":[36],"antennas.":[37],"=":[40],"2,3":[41],"4,":[43],"derive":[45],"conditions":[46,85],"on":[47,86,89],"both":[48],"generator":[50],"matrix":[51,56,109,113,130,133],"G":[52,87,110],"parity-check":[55],"H":[57,90,131],"for":[58,144],"a":[59,80,108,112,116,136],"code":[60,123],"to":[61],"achieve":[62],"diversities":[63],"2,":[64],"...,":[65],"L.":[66],"then":[68],"introduce":[69],"concept":[71],"duals":[73],"binary-based":[76],"ST":[77,122],"codes,":[78],"since":[79],"particular":[81],"relationship":[82],"between":[83],"shows":[91],"that":[92],"rate":[93,98,117,137],"1,":[94,101,118],"-":[100],"2":[103,140],"are":[105,149],"duals.":[106],"Thus,":[107],"(or":[111,132],"H)":[114],"may":[124],"also":[125],"be":[126],"used":[127],"as":[128],"G)":[134],"L-1,":[138],"code.":[141],"Example":[142],"3":[145],"4":[147],"antennas":[148],"given":[150],"along":[151],"decoding":[153],"results":[154],"simulations.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}