{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1968452069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/percomw.2012.6197530","title":"Subsurface monitoring using low frequency wireless signal networks","display_name":"Subsurface monitoring using low frequency wireless signal networks","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1968452069","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/percomw.2012.6197530","mag":"1968452069"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/percomw.2012.6197530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/percomw.2012.6197530","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109118238","display_name":"Suk-Un Yoon","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Suk-Un Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem , PA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem , PA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054701243","display_name":"Liang Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1615-9169"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem , PA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem , PA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052593365","display_name":"Ehsan Ghazanfari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8501-3294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan Ghazanfari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Lehigh University; Bethlehem PA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Lehigh University; Bethlehem PA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078821760","display_name":"Zi Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8635-8334"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zi Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem , PA, USA#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem , PA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403795","display_name":"Xiaotong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7600-7231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I92403157","display_name":"University of Science and Technology Beijing","ror":"https://ror.org/02egmk993","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaotong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China","Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, P.R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I92403157"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012417400","display_name":"Sibel Pamukcu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8934-6467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sibel Pamukcu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Lehigh University; Bethlehem PA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Lehigh University; Bethlehem PA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071894062","display_name":"Muhannad T. Suleiman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6920-9337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186143895","display_name":"Lehigh University","ror":"https://ror.org/012afjb06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhannad T. Suleiman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Lehigh University; Bethlehem PA USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Lehigh University; Bethlehem PA USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109118238"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186143895"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9959,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77373527,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"443","last_page":"446"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10080","display_name":"Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.7339295744895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.7236599326133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.5809363126754761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-propagation","display_name":"Radio propagation","score":0.5754428505897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5203337669372559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-distribution-in-wireless-sensor-networks","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","score":0.5193482637405396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.4665840268135071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixed-wireless","display_name":"Fixed wireless","score":0.45123180747032166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wi-fi-array","display_name":"Wi-Fi array","score":0.4470745921134949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3403235077857971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2564222812652588}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.7339295744895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.7236599326133728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.5809363126754761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202311505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation","level":2,"score":0.5754428505897522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5203337669372559},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41971633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6398155","display_name":"Key distribution in wireless sensor networks","level":4,"score":0.5193482637405396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4665840268135071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58074150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1408468","display_name":"Fixed wireless","level":5,"score":0.45123180747032166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152153834","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1339878","display_name":"Wi-Fi array","level":4,"score":0.4470745921134949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3403235077857971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2564222812652588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/percomw.2012.6197530","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/percomw.2012.6197530","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.397.696","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.397.696","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cse.lehigh.edu/~cheng/papers/Percom_WiP_2012.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.5099999904632568,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540921462","https://openalex.org/W2033213170","https://openalex.org/W2088870545","https://openalex.org/W6658896461"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W155968509","https://openalex.org/W2110930589","https://openalex.org/W197658719","https://openalex.org/W4242681305","https://openalex.org/W150771570","https://openalex.org/W4317697283","https://openalex.org/W2386491072","https://openalex.org/W2794910759","https://openalex.org/W2500092597","https://openalex.org/W2170850604"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Wireless":[1,38,173],"Signal":[2,39,174],"Networks":[3,40,175],"(WSNs)":[4],"use":[5],"the":[6,14,18,28,31,36,43,49,97,111,135,140,144,156,164,187],"signal":[7,102,113,191],"strength":[8],"variation":[9],"of":[10,21,35,54,80,99,146,151,170],"wireless":[11,55,64,91,101,153,190],"nodes":[12,93,154],"in":[13,27],"host":[15,44],"medium":[16,45],"as":[17,84,181,183],"main":[19],"indicator":[20],"events":[22],"or":[23],"physical":[24],"property":[25],"changes":[26],"medium.":[29],"With":[30],"concept":[32,169],"and":[33,70,87,94],"application":[34],"Underground":[37],"(UWSNs)":[41],"where":[42],"is":[46,115,131],"a":[47,168],"soil,":[48],"real-time":[50],"global":[51],"subsurface":[52,81,127,178],"monitoring":[53,82,86,89,128,179],"underground":[56,100,136,148,152,157],"sensor":[57,65,92],"networks":[58,66,103],"can":[59],"be":[60],"achieved,":[61],"whereas":[62],"traditional":[63],"provide":[67,143],"point":[68],"sensing":[69],"monitoring.":[71],"In":[72,139],"this":[73],"paper,":[74,141],"we":[75,142,166],"present":[76],"two":[77],"representative":[78],"experiments":[79],"such":[83],"leakage":[85],"earthquake":[88],"using":[90,155],"UWSNs.":[95],"However,":[96],"deployment":[98],"has":[104],"more":[105],"constraint":[106],"than":[107,118],"aboveground":[108],"deployment,":[109],"because":[110],"radio":[112,158],"attenuation":[114],"much":[116],"higher":[117],"above":[119],"ground":[120],"communication.":[121],"To":[122],"realize":[123],"UWSNs":[124],"for":[125,177,186],"practical":[126],"applications,":[129],"it":[130],"necessary":[132],"to":[133],"extend":[134],"communication":[137,149],"radius.":[138],"estimations":[145],"extending":[147],"radius":[150],"propagation":[159],"model":[160],"[1].":[161],"Based":[162],"on":[163],"estimations,":[165],"introduce":[167],"Low":[171],"Frequency":[172],"(LFWSNs)":[176],"applications":[180],"well":[182],"experimental":[184],"platforms":[185],"low":[188],"frequency":[189],"networks.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
