{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2032716596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pcs.2010.5702535","title":"A subjective image quality metric for bit-inversion-based watermarking","display_name":"A subjective image quality metric for bit-inversion-based watermarking","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2032716596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pcs.2010.5702535","mag":"2032716596"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pcs.2010.5702535","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pcs.2010.5702535","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"28th Picture Coding Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111686112","display_name":"Tadahiko Kimoto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158123994","display_name":"Toyo University","ror":"https://ror.org/059d6yn51","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158123994"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tadahiko Kimoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toyo University, Japan","Toyo University , Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toyo University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158123994"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toyo University , Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158123994"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046594392","display_name":"Fumihiko Kosaka","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3374-8130"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I158123994","display_name":"Toyo University","ror":"https://ror.org/059d6yn51","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I158123994"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fumihiko Kosaka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Toyo University, Japan","Toyo University , Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toyo University, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158123994"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Toyo University , Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158123994"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I158123994"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14014075,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"j80 d ii","issue":null,"first_page":"458","last_page":"461"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12357","display_name":"Digital Media Forensic Detection","score":0.9936000108718872,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-watermarking","display_name":"Digital watermarking","score":0.7700180411338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedding","display_name":"Embedding","score":0.7504075765609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/watermark","display_name":"Watermark","score":0.6919223666191101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-quality","display_name":"Image quality","score":0.6322495341300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.6127179861068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.553393542766571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-visual-system-model","display_name":"Human visual system model","score":0.534823477268219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.4842092990875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4786280691623688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.458322674036026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4432781934738159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4146067202091217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.38380730152130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3318586051464081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.05967903137207031}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150817343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875932","display_name":"Digital watermarking","level":3,"score":0.7700180411338806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41608201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q980509","display_name":"Embedding","level":2,"score":0.7504075765609741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164112704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7974348","display_name":"Watermark","level":3,"score":0.6919223666191101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55020928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3813865","display_name":"Image quality","level":3,"score":0.6322495341300964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6127179861068726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.553393542766571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160086991","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5939193","display_name":"Human visual system model","level":3,"score":0.534823477268219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4842092990875244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4786280691623688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.458322674036026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4432781934738159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4146067202091217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.38380730152130127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3318586051464081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.05967903137207031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pcs.2010.5702535","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pcs.2010.5702535","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"28th Picture Coding Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","score":0.4699999988079071}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1569341692","https://openalex.org/W1937839758","https://openalex.org/W2125637804","https://openalex.org/W2136049542","https://openalex.org/W2611745365","https://openalex.org/W3212599909","https://openalex.org/W4229694266","https://openalex.org/W6634028846","https://openalex.org/W6640380978"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2137394636","https://openalex.org/W2358993821","https://openalex.org/W1516446231","https://openalex.org/W2098152888","https://openalex.org/W1559740347","https://openalex.org/W2040356834","https://openalex.org/W2080353903","https://openalex.org/W2385289568","https://openalex.org/W2381486749","https://openalex.org/W1514507288"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"image":[1,33,74,119,128,165],"watermarking":[2],"scheme":[3],"using":[4,42,168],"the":[5,21,24,32,36,49,52,56,69,79,82,89,98,109,112,132,143,156,169],"previously":[6],"proposed":[7],"bit":[8,53,113],"embedding":[9,25,37,54,114,135,157],"method":[10,115],"is":[11,28,39,66,105],"developed.":[12],"To":[13],"achieve":[14,124],"a":[15,43,125,148],"desired":[16,126],"subjective":[17,73,99,127,153],"visual":[18],"quality":[19,34,64,75,100,129],"in":[20,117,163],"watermarked":[22],"image,":[23],"parameter":[26],"that":[27,92,142],"related":[29],"to":[30,108,123],"both":[31],"and":[35,155],"capacity":[38,133],"determined":[40],"by":[41,167],"perceptual":[44,57],"model.":[45],"First,":[46],"based":[47],"on":[48],"properties":[50],"of":[51,59,62,71,81,97,134],"method,":[55],"model":[58],"two":[60,86,102],"kinds":[61],"objective":[63,103],"measures":[65],"assumed.":[67],"Then,":[68],"measurements":[70,104],"human":[72,152],"are":[76],"analyzed":[77],"from":[78,101],"viewpoint":[80],"correlation":[83,150],"with":[84,151],"these":[85],"measures.":[87],"Thereby,":[88],"estimating":[90,110,144],"function":[91,145],"can":[93,159],"yield":[94],"an":[95],"estimate":[96],"determined.":[106],"According":[107],"function,":[111],"performs":[116],"each":[118],"region":[120,166],"so":[121],"as":[122],"while":[130],"increasing":[131],"watermark":[136],"bits.":[137],"The":[138],"simulation":[139],"results":[140],"demonstrate":[141],"values":[146],"have":[147],"linear":[149],"evaluations,":[154],"parameters":[158],"be":[160],"adaptively":[161],"changed":[162],"every":[164],"function.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}