{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2040088290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pccc.2014.7017075","title":"Accurate statistical performance modeling and validation of out-of-order processors using Monte Carlo methods","display_name":"Accurate statistical performance modeling and validation of out-of-order processors using Monte Carlo methods","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2040088290","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pccc.2014.7017075","mag":"2040088290"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pccc.2014.7017075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pccc.2014.7017075","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 33rd International Performance Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027427690","display_name":"Waleed Alkohlani","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10052268","display_name":"New Mexico State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hpz7z43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waleed Alkohlani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University","[Klipsch School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Klipsch School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103871090","display_name":"Jeanine Cook","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2747-8046"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10052268","display_name":"New Mexico State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hpz7z43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeanine Cook","raw_affiliation_strings":["Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University","[Klipsch School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Klipsch School of Electrical & Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014312938","display_name":"Jonathan Cook","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4907-5719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10052268","display_name":"New Mexico State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hpz7z43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonathan Cook","raw_affiliation_strings":["Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University","Computer Science Department, New Mexico State University#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klipsch School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Mexico State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, New Mexico State University#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"10"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7974544167518616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-method","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","score":0.7286767959594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spec#","display_name":"Spec#","score":0.6064133048057556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.5684019923210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-space-exploration","display_name":"Design space exploration","score":0.43960848450660706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.4355891942977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.11477747559547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08978235721588135}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7974544167518616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.7286767959594727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778565505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2207566","display_name":"Spec#","level":2,"score":0.6064133048057556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.5684019923210144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776221188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21072556","display_name":"Design space exploration","level":2,"score":0.43960848450660706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4355891942977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.11477747559547424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08978235721588135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pccc.2014.7017075","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pccc.2014.7017075","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 33rd International Performance Computing and Communications Conference (IPCCC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4099999964237213,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964817316","https://openalex.org/W1984288647","https://openalex.org/W1985938075","https://openalex.org/W1986491730","https://openalex.org/W2000102195","https://openalex.org/W2010540152","https://openalex.org/W2017375765","https://openalex.org/W2059703973","https://openalex.org/W2077468904","https://openalex.org/W2096858484","https://openalex.org/W2106270437","https://openalex.org/W2107668421","https://openalex.org/W2108104128","https://openalex.org/W2113167168","https://openalex.org/W2120739641","https://openalex.org/W2123037616","https://openalex.org/W2124917173","https://openalex.org/W2130496984","https://openalex.org/W2131667412","https://openalex.org/W2143024410","https://openalex.org/W2143950235","https://openalex.org/W2147657366","https://openalex.org/W2163255067","https://openalex.org/W2164718075","https://openalex.org/W2168654016","https://openalex.org/W3149179768","https://openalex.org/W4233932103","https://openalex.org/W6679660563","https://openalex.org/W6793011382"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W878150521","https://openalex.org/W2008941207","https://openalex.org/W2373662841","https://openalex.org/W1970478390","https://openalex.org/W1533638723","https://openalex.org/W294916044","https://openalex.org/W2131667412","https://openalex.org/W4248631090","https://openalex.org/W2014546971","https://openalex.org/W2019959197"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Although":[0],"simulation":[1,23,40,43,92],"is":[2,13,31,231,244],"an":[3],"indispensable":[4],"tool":[5],"in":[6,99,151],"computer":[7],"architecture":[8],"research":[9],"and":[10,28,48,60,70,93,113,134,143,213,233,240],"development,":[11],"there":[12],"a":[14,68,119,126,164,195,200,247],"pressing":[15],"need":[16],"for":[17,45,129,167],"new":[18],"modeling":[19,73],"techniques":[20],"to":[21,35,52,80,117,183,216],"improve":[22],"speeds":[24],"while":[25],"maintaining":[26],"accuracy":[27],"robustness.":[29],"It":[30],"no":[32],"longer":[33],"practical":[34],"use":[36,194],"only":[37],"cycle-accurate":[38,64],"processor":[39,133,197],"(the":[41],"dominant":[42],"method)":[44],"design":[46],"space":[47],"performance":[49,83,94,150,181],"studies":[50],"due":[51],"its":[53,114],"extremely":[54],"slow":[55],"speed.":[56],"To":[57,187],"address":[58],"this":[59],"other":[61],"problems":[62],"of":[63,84,102,153,157,179,203,250],"simulation,":[65],"we":[66,193],"propose":[67],"fast":[69],"accurate":[71],"statistical":[72,90,127,201,224],"methodology":[74,112],"based":[75],"on":[76,159],"Monte":[77],"Carlo":[78],"methods":[79],"model":[81,118,128,147,202,209],"the":[82,103,110,130,146,177,184,204,208,211,218,234,238],"modern":[85,120],"out-of-order":[86,121],"processors.":[87],"Using":[88,140],"these":[89,190],"models,":[91],"prediction":[95,229],"can":[96,148],"be":[97],"achieved":[98],"seconds":[100],"regardless":[101],"modeled":[104],"application's":[105],"size.":[106],"This":[107],"paper":[108],"presents":[109],"proposed":[111],"first":[115],"application":[116],"execution":[122],"processor.":[123],"We":[124,161],"present":[125,163],"Opteron":[131],"(Magny-Cours)":[132],"validate":[135,189,207,217],"it":[136],"against":[137,210],"real":[138],"hardware.":[139],"SPEC":[141],"CPU2006":[142],"Mantevo":[144],"benchmarks,":[145],"predict":[149],"terms":[152],"cycles-per-instruction":[154],"within":[155],"4.79%":[156],"actual":[158],"average.":[160],"also":[162],"novel":[165],"method":[166],"generating":[168],"CPI":[169,173,191,219,228,242],"stacks":[170,220],"which":[171],"are":[172],"representations":[174],"that":[175],"quantify":[176],"contribution":[178],"individual":[180],"components":[182,243],"total":[185],"CPI.":[186],"further":[188],"stacks,":[192],"detailed":[196],"simulator,":[198,212],"build":[199],"simulator":[205],"architecture,":[206],"then":[214],"proceed":[215],"predicted":[221,239],"by":[222],"our":[223],"model.":[225],"The":[226],"average":[227,235],"error":[230],"5.6%,":[232],"difference":[236,249],"between":[237],"measured":[241],"1.3%":[245],"with":[246],"maximum":[248],"5.4%.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}