{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2156709342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pccc.2008.4745085","title":"Practical Covert Channel Implementation through a Timed Mix-Firewall","display_name":"Practical Covert Channel Implementation through a Timed Mix-Firewall","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2156709342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pccc.2008.4745085","mag":"2156709342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pccc.2008.4745085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pccc.2008.4745085","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Performance, Computing and Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108370925","display_name":"Richard E. Newman","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Richard Newman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer & Information Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer & Information Science & Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046554706","display_name":"Ira S. Moskowitz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9862-6452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4388482696","display_name":"Naval Research Laboratory Information Technology Division","ror":"https://ror.org/04xfp8b22","country_code":null,"type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028","https://openalex.org/I4388482696"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1288214837","display_name":"United States Naval Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/04d23a975","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ira S. Moskowitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for High Assurance Computer Systems-Code 5540, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for High Assurance Computer Systems-Code 5540, Naval Research Laboratory, Inc., Washington D.C., DC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1288214837","https://openalex.org/I4388482696"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108370925"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.1441,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85144188,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3424","issue":null,"first_page":"433","last_page":"438"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10237","display_name":"Cryptography and Data Security","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert-channel","display_name":"Covert channel","score":0.8351728916168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/firewall","display_name":"Firewall (physics)","score":0.8018708229064941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7741680145263672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6698389053344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covert","display_name":"Covert","score":0.5275537371635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4710376560688019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.32160502672195435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12143105268478394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.0642356276512146}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29024540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476964","display_name":"Covert channel","level":5,"score":0.8351728916168213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77714075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5452017","display_name":"Firewall (physics)","level":5,"score":0.8018708229064941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7741680145263672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6698389053344727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5179285","display_name":"Covert","level":2,"score":0.5275537371635437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4710376560688019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.32160502672195435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12143105268478394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.0642356276512146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103377522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3493999","display_name":"Security information and event management","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104062141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601295","display_name":"Extremal black hole","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184842701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370563","display_name":"Cloud computing security","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183915046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1316152","display_name":"Charged black hole","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pccc.2008.4745085","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pccc.2008.4745085","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2008 IEEE International Performance, Computing and Communications Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":5,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1511004015","https://openalex.org/W1822315533","https://openalex.org/W2103647628","https://openalex.org/W2156149713","https://openalex.org/W6638603116"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2409612194","https://openalex.org/W4224042389","https://openalex.org/W174282171","https://openalex.org/W20460883","https://openalex.org/W1587013156","https://openalex.org/W4239080508","https://openalex.org/W2326198059","https://openalex.org/W4319780484","https://openalex.org/W4386088729","https://openalex.org/W4376311794"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"theoretical":[1,19],"channel":[2,47],"to":[3,73],"communicate":[4],"covertly":[5],"through":[6,70],"mix-firewalls":[7,72],"has":[8],"been":[9],"discussed":[10],"in":[11,21,28],"previous":[12],"work.":[13],"This":[14],"paper":[15],"describes":[16],"implementing":[17],"this":[18],"construction":[20,81],"an":[22,33],"actual":[23,34,80],"system.":[24],"Practical":[25],"issues":[26],"involved":[27],"implementation":[29],"are":[30,48],"analyzed,":[31],"and":[32],"design":[35],"is":[36],"given":[37],"here.":[38],"Suggested":[39],"parameters":[40],"for":[41,44,63],"concatenated":[42],"codes":[43],"the":[45,64,74],"experimental":[46,53],"also":[49],"provided,":[50],"based":[51],"on":[52],"results.":[54],"We":[55],"compare":[56],"our":[57,79],"numerically":[58],"computed":[59],"information":[60],"theoretic":[61],"results":[62],"data":[65,75],"rate":[66,76],"of":[67,82],"covert":[68,84],"channels":[69],"timed":[71],"obtained":[77],"by":[78],"these":[83],"channels.":[85]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}