{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043460701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/padsw.2014.7097884","title":"Improving smart grid authentication using Merkle Trees","display_name":"Improving smart grid authentication using Merkle Trees","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043460701","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/padsw.2014.7097884","mag":"2043460701"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/padsw.2014.7097884","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/padsw.2014.7097884","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 20th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070688449","display_name":"Melesio Calder\u00f3n Mu\u00f1oz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1105-5157"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Melesio Calderon Munoz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cupertino Electric Inc., San Jose, CA","Cupertino Electric Inc., San Jose, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cupertino Electric Inc., San Jose, CA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cupertino Electric Inc., San Jose, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021884742","display_name":"Melody Moh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8313-6645"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51504820","display_name":"San Jose State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qyvz380","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Melody Moh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, San Jos\u00e9 State University, CA","Department of Computer Science, San Jose State Univ., CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, San Jos\u00e9 State University, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, San Jose State Univ., CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019298277","display_name":"Teng-Sheng Moh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2726-102X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51504820","display_name":"San Jose State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qyvz380","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teng-Sheng Moh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, San Jos\u00e9 State University, CA","Department of Computer Science, San Jose State Univ., CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, San Jos\u00e9 State University, CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, San Jose State Univ., CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51504820"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070688449"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2173,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82528075,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"793","last_page":"798"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10964","display_name":"Wireless Communication Security Techniques","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.7742735147476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7503424882888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.5963098406791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/merkle-tree","display_name":"Merkle tree","score":0.5850552916526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-key-cryptography","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","score":0.5563275218009949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4960366189479828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.45955005288124084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.4502581059932709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.44853973388671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.43020838499069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.41845273971557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elliptic-curve-cryptography","display_name":"Elliptic curve cryptography","score":0.41119930148124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3484571874141693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.21270307898521423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1557798981666565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13867327570915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptographic-hash-function","display_name":"Cryptographic hash function","score":0.11240154504776001}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.7742735147476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7503424882888794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.5963098406791687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205383636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14746","display_name":"Merkle tree","level":4,"score":0.5850552916526794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203062551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201339","display_name":"Public-key cryptography","level":3,"score":0.5563275218009949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4960366189479828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.45955005288124084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.4502581059932709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.44853973388671875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.43020838499069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.41845273971557617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167615521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048911","display_name":"Elliptic curve cryptography","level":4,"score":0.41119930148124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3484571874141693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.21270307898521423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1557798981666565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13867327570915222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7608002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477202","display_name":"Cryptographic hash function","level":3,"score":0.11240154504776001}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/padsw.2014.7097884","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/padsw.2014.7097884","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 20th IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems (ICPADS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W23840132","https://openalex.org/W329998640","https://openalex.org/W1507039213","https://openalex.org/W1518712071","https://openalex.org/W1577234193","https://openalex.org/W2058196282","https://openalex.org/W2069482758","https://openalex.org/W2072766919","https://openalex.org/W2117094586","https://openalex.org/W2119856652","https://openalex.org/W2153268908","https://openalex.org/W2163077582","https://openalex.org/W2165384475","https://openalex.org/W2165698657","https://openalex.org/W2621932216","https://openalex.org/W2726810975","https://openalex.org/W3023478445","https://openalex.org/W3092757230","https://openalex.org/W3111297213","https://openalex.org/W3145128584","https://openalex.org/W4242526644","https://openalex.org/W4246219036","https://openalex.org/W6630894178","https://openalex.org/W6634795230"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4226182343","https://openalex.org/W1556944867","https://openalex.org/W2164478452","https://openalex.org/W2235903869","https://openalex.org/W1956043843","https://openalex.org/W2024120540","https://openalex.org/W4300630816","https://openalex.org/W1590958755","https://openalex.org/W2153516685","https://openalex.org/W3428783"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"electrical":[1,19],"power":[2,41],"grid":[3,56,101,153],"forms":[4,64],"the":[5,14,107,110,113,130],"functional":[6],"foundation":[7],"of":[8,65,115,132,143],"our":[9,17,29],"modern":[10],"societies,":[11],"but":[12],"in":[13,99,145,151],"near":[15],"future":[16],"aging":[18],"infrastructure":[20],"will":[21,47,57],"not":[22],"be":[23,58,71],"able":[24,60],"to":[25,38,61,81,95,137],"keep":[26],"pace":[27],"with":[28],"demands.":[30],"As":[31,124],"a":[32,79,86,93,125],"result,":[33,126],"nations":[34],"worldwide":[35],"have":[36,48],"started":[37],"convert":[39],"their":[40],"grids":[42,45],"into":[43],"smart":[44,55,100,152],"that":[46],"improved":[49],"communication":[50,83],"and":[51,73,91,105,112,120],"control":[52],"systems.":[53],"A":[54],"better":[59],"incorporate":[62],"new":[63],"energy":[66],"generation":[67],"as":[68,70,135],"well":[69],"self-healing":[72],"more":[74],"reliable.":[75],"This":[76],"paper":[77],"investigates":[78],"threat":[80],"wireless":[82,146],"networks":[84,148],"from":[85],"fully":[87],"realized":[88],"quantum":[89],"computer,":[90],"provides":[92],"means":[94],"avoid":[96],"this":[97],"problem":[98],"domains.":[102],"We":[103],"discuss":[104],"compare":[106],"security":[108],"aspects,":[109],"complexities":[111],"performance":[114],"authentication":[116,142],"using":[117,121],"public-key":[118],"cryptography":[119],"Merkel":[122],"Trees.":[123],"we":[127],"argue":[128],"for":[129,141],"use":[131],"Merkle":[133],"Trees":[134],"opposed":[136],"public":[138],"key":[139],"encryption":[140],"devices":[144],"mesh":[147],"(WMN)":[149],"used":[150],"applications.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
