{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125970785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2026.3658518","title":"Validating AI-Driven\u2009Nudge\u2009Recommendations: A/B Testing Two-Tower and Bandit Models in Simulated Digital Banking Environment","display_name":"Validating AI-Driven\u2009Nudge\u2009Recommendations: A/B Testing Two-Tower and Bandit Models in Simulated Digital Banking Environment","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125970785","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2026.3658518"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcs.2026.3658518","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2026.3658518","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176459","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","issn_l":"2644-1268","issn":["2644-1268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2026.3658518","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018319672","display_name":"Idha Kristiana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7749-3865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166073570","display_name":"Binus University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmf4s77","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Idha Kristiana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Doctor of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Doctor of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Harjanto Prabowo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166073570","display_name":"Binus University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmf4s77","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Harjanto Prabowo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Doctor of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Doctor of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124091207","display_name":"Ford Lumban Gaol","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166073570","display_name":"Binus University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmf4s77","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ford Lumban Gaol","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, Doctor of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, Doctor of Computer Science, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013489497","display_name":"Nunung Nurul Qomariyah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9094-3541"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166073570","display_name":"Binus University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zmf4s77","country_code":"ID","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}],"countries":["ID"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nunung Nurul Qomariyah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Science Department, School of Computing and Creative Arts, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Science Department, School of Computing and Creative Arts, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018319672"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166073570"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18765217,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"404","last_page":"416"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.44179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10203","display_name":"Recommender Systems and Techniques","score":0.44179999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12101","display_name":"Advanced Bandit Algorithms Research","score":0.29499998688697815,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.03680000081658363,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personalization","display_name":"Personalization","score":0.8981999754905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collaborative-filtering","display_name":"Collaborative filtering","score":0.44679999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-modeling","display_name":"Behavioral modeling","score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.40380001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-analysis","display_name":"Behavioral analysis","score":0.40369999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recommender-system","display_name":"Recommender system","score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/behavioral-economics","display_name":"Behavioral economics","score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.34790000319480896}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183003079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1000371","display_name":"Personalization","level":2,"score":0.8981999754905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6554999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44749999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21569690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94702","display_name":"Collaborative filtering","level":3,"score":0.44679999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78639753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3318160","display_name":"Behavioral modeling","level":2,"score":0.41769999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.40720000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.40380001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989277270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168338","display_name":"Behavioral analysis","level":2,"score":0.40369999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557471498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q554950","display_name":"Recommender system","level":2,"score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109574028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647525","display_name":"Behavioral economics","level":2,"score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.34790000319480896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777131613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18394147","display_name":"Retard","level":2,"score":0.34040001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100143864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2902255","display_name":"Persuasive technology","level":3,"score":0.32350000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.31299999356269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68784500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1570691","display_name":"Adaptive behavior","level":2,"score":0.30709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.2655999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67712803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7901853","display_name":"User modeling","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23213687","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q301468","display_name":"Consumer behaviour","level":2,"score":0.25690001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993770480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647525","display_name":"Behavioural economics","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcs.2026.3658518","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2026.3658518","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176459","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","issn_l":"2644-1268","issn":["2644-1268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcs.2026.3658518","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2026.3658518","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176459","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","issn_l":"2644-1268","issn":["2644-1268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2091565802","https://openalex.org/W2358698356","https://openalex.org/W2921959179","https://openalex.org/W2941211423","https://openalex.org/W2952933511","https://openalex.org/W2963934863","https://openalex.org/W2972801466","https://openalex.org/W2985072977","https://openalex.org/W2993056605","https://openalex.org/W3004442222","https://openalex.org/W3023045848","https://openalex.org/W3083184774","https://openalex.org/W3084132867","https://openalex.org/W3088366746","https://openalex.org/W3093481705","https://openalex.org/W3106194691","https://openalex.org/W3106874295","https://openalex.org/W3144158845","https://openalex.org/W3156745585","https://openalex.org/W3162614895","https://openalex.org/W3188092730","https://openalex.org/W3192184597","https://openalex.org/W3213244876","https://openalex.org/W4229371730","https://openalex.org/W4280493890","https://openalex.org/W4284709423","https://openalex.org/W4287305397","https://openalex.org/W4306705678","https://openalex.org/W4310529692","https://openalex.org/W4313815552","https://openalex.org/W4317567759","https://openalex.org/W4327919513","https://openalex.org/W4327919983","https://openalex.org/W4377294164","https://openalex.org/W4382651862","https://openalex.org/W4385278929","https://openalex.org/W4385973125","https://openalex.org/W4389136876","https://openalex.org/W4389396778","https://openalex.org/W4389687362","https://openalex.org/W4390283199","https://openalex.org/W4390578068","https://openalex.org/W4390696434","https://openalex.org/W4391247713","https://openalex.org/W4391836499","https://openalex.org/W4392100729","https://openalex.org/W4392621828","https://openalex.org/W4393856006","https://openalex.org/W4399381683","https://openalex.org/W4399767753","https://openalex.org/W4406702475","https://openalex.org/W4411799040"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"While":[0],"radical":[1],"moves":[2],"towards":[3],"personalization":[4,69],"characterize":[5],"increasingly":[6],"ambitious":[7],"digital":[8,176],"banking":[9,93,177],"campaigns,":[10],"recommender":[11],"systems":[12],"are":[13],"typically":[14],"based":[15],"on":[16,159],"either":[17],"collaborative":[18],"filtering":[19],"or":[20],"content-based":[21],"filtering,":[22],"and":[23,45,122,156,163],"they":[24],"often":[25],"prove":[26],"ineffective":[27],"due":[28],"to":[29,120,132],"a":[30,63,72,86,91,123,165],"lack":[31],"of":[32,139,154],"behavioral":[33,102,169],"awareness,":[34],"as":[35,37,40],"well":[36],"issues":[38],"such":[39],"high":[41],"sparsity,":[42],"cold":[43],"start,":[44],"historical":[46],"signal":[47],"sparsity.":[48],"To":[49],"overcome":[50],"this":[51,53],"gap,":[52],"work":[54],"proposes":[55],"an":[56,113],"AI-based":[57],"Nudge":[58],"Recommendation":[59],"Model":[60],"that":[61],"incorporates":[62],"Two-Tower":[64],"Network":[65],"(TWN)":[66],"for":[67,76,174],"static":[68],"along":[70],"with":[71,95,172],"Multi-Armed":[73],"Bandit":[74],"(MAB)":[75],"real-time":[77],"adaptive":[78,157],"nudge":[79],"optimization.":[80],"We":[81],"tested":[82],"the":[83,105,109,137,151],"model":[84,171],"using":[85,108],"controlled":[87],"A/B":[88],"experiment":[89],"in":[90,104,115,128],"mobile":[92],"simulator":[94],"verified":[96],"bank":[97],"customers.":[98],"Results":[99],"show":[100],"substantial":[101],"improvements":[103],"treatment":[106],"group":[107],"AI-driven":[110],"system,":[111],"including":[112],"increase":[114],"overall":[116],"purchase":[117],"behavior":[118,162],"(48.6%":[119],"62.07%)":[121],"more":[124],"than":[125],"fourfold":[126],"rise":[127],"recommendation-following":[129],"rates":[130],"(13.6%":[131],"52.87%).":[133],"Statistical":[134],"testing":[135],"confirms":[136],"significance":[138],"these":[140],"differences":[141],"(\u03c7\u00b2":[142],"=":[143],"6.49,":[144],"p":[145],"<":[146],"0.0108).":[147],"These":[148],"findings":[149],"validate":[150],"causal":[152],"impact":[153],"personalized":[155],"nudging":[158],"user":[160],"decision":[161],"provide":[164],"reproducible":[166],"machine":[167],"learning":[168],"economics":[170],"implications":[173],"improving":[175],"engagement.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-25T23:56:10.502304","created_date":"2026-01-29T00:00:00"}
