{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377007856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2023.3276370","title":"State Space Explosion Mitigation for Large-Scale Attack and Compliance Graphs Using Synchronous Exploit Firing","display_name":"State Space Explosion Mitigation for Large-Scale Attack and Compliance Graphs Using Synchronous Exploit Firing","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377007856","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2023.3276370"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcs.2023.3276370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2023.3276370","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782664/10016900/10124989.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176459","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","issn_l":"2644-1268","issn":["2644-1268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782664/10016900/10124989.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061863602","display_name":"Noah L. Schrick","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0875-8927"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87208437","display_name":"University of Tulsa","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn28048","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Noah L. Schrick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tandy School of Computer Science, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0875-8927","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tandy School of Computer Science, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031436634","display_name":"Peter J. Hawrylak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3268-7452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87208437","display_name":"University of Tulsa","ror":"https://ror.org/04wn28048","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter J. Hawrylak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tandy School of Computer Science, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3268-7452","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tandy School of Computer Science, University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87208437"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.07682744,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"147","last_page":"157"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10734","display_name":"Information and Cyber Security","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/exploit","display_name":"Exploit","score":0.8930761218070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6931343078613281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permutation","display_name":"Permutation (music)","score":0.563893735408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.5612843036651611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.5379752516746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state","display_name":"State (computer science)","score":0.5140637159347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.508560299873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.49775293469429016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.47393614053726196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4357263743877411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/state-space","display_name":"State space","score":0.4355591833591461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directed-graph","display_name":"Directed graph","score":0.41883155703544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.154656320810318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13851094245910645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.8930761218070984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6931343078613281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21308566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7169365","display_name":"Permutation (music)","level":2,"score":0.563893735408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5612843036651611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.5379752516746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5140637159347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.508560299873352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.49775293469429016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.47393614053726196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4357263743877411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72434380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230930","display_name":"State space","level":2,"score":0.4355591833591461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146380142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137726","display_name":"Directed graph","level":2,"score":0.41883155703544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.154656320810318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13851094245910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcs.2023.3276370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2023.3276370","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782664/10016900/10124989.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176459","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","issn_l":"2644-1268","issn":["2644-1268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a64fc1a4f30a4fc580816273c3812d2b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a64fc1a4f30a4fc580816273c3812d2b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society, Vol 4, Pp 147-157 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcs.2023.3276370","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2023.3276370","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782664/10016900/10124989.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176459","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","issn_l":"2644-1268","issn":["2644-1268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.46000000834465027,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4377007856.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4377007856.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1526913711","https://openalex.org/W1981877543","https://openalex.org/W2015299006","https://openalex.org/W2054127354","https://openalex.org/W2083658929","https://openalex.org/W2110908300","https://openalex.org/W2121805588","https://openalex.org/W2583135230","https://openalex.org/W2792715678","https://openalex.org/W2808231219","https://openalex.org/W2902270076","https://openalex.org/W2963622436","https://openalex.org/W2971389188","https://openalex.org/W3118517595","https://openalex.org/W3205922854","https://openalex.org/W4294976063","https://openalex.org/W6756745224","https://openalex.org/W6788651489"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128417237","https://openalex.org/W843695103","https://openalex.org/W1881102326","https://openalex.org/W1507793640","https://openalex.org/W2952419077","https://openalex.org/W4297899248","https://openalex.org/W2018259650","https://openalex.org/W4377007856","https://openalex.org/W1559564206","https://openalex.org/W2212128356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Attack":[0],"and":[1,9,26,55,77,108],"compliance":[2,12,48,139],"graphs":[3,60,68],"are":[4,39],"useful":[5],"tools":[6],"for":[7],"cybersecurity":[8],"regulatory":[10,46],"or":[11,21,34,41,47,138,145],"analysis.":[13],"Thgraphs":[14],"represent":[15],"the":[16,37,67,72,93,112,132,135,143,149],"state":[17,63,86],"of":[18,24,44,75,114,134,148],"a":[19,22,99],"system":[20],"set":[23],"systems,":[25],"can":[27,110],"be":[28],"used":[29],"to":[30,52],"identify":[31],"all":[32],"current":[33],"future":[35],"ways":[36],"systems":[38],"compromised":[40],"at":[42],"risk":[43],"violating":[45],"mandates.":[49],"However,":[50],"due":[51],"their":[53,79,158],"exhaustiveness":[54,144],"thorough":[56],"permutation":[57,146],"checking,":[58],"these":[59],"suffer":[61],"from":[62],"space":[64,87],"explosion":[65,88],"-":[66],"rapidly":[69,83],"increase":[70],"in":[71,89],"total":[73],"number":[74],"states,":[76],"likewise,":[78],"generation":[80,113,150],"time":[81],"also":[82,91],"increases.":[84],"This":[85,96,127],"turn":[90],"slows":[92],"analysis":[94],"process.":[95],"work":[97],"introduces":[98],"mitigation":[100],"technique":[101],"called":[102],"synchronous":[103],"firing,":[104],"where":[105],"graph":[106,140],"users":[107],"designers":[109],"prevent":[111],"infeasible":[115],"states":[116],"by":[117,141],"firing":[118],"exploits":[119,156],"simultaneously":[120],"through":[121,157],"joining":[122],"inseparable":[123,160],"features":[124],"like":[125],"time.":[126],"feature":[128],"does":[129],"not":[130],"invalidate":[131],"integrity":[133],"resulting":[136],"attack":[137],"altering":[142],"checking":[147],"process,":[151],"but":[152],"rather":[153],"jointly":[154],"fires":[155],"defined":[159],"features.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}