{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3166708802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2021.3085846","title":"Lattice: A Vision for Machine Learning, Data Engineering, and Policy Considerations for Digital Agriculture at Scale","display_name":"Lattice: A Vision for Machine Learning, Data Engineering, and Policy Considerations for Digital Agriculture at Scale","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3166708802","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2021.3085846","mag":"3166708802"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcs.2021.3085846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2021.3085846","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782664/9349230/09444818.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176459","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","issn_l":"2644-1268","issn":["2644-1268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782664/9349230/09444818.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055585728","display_name":"Somali Chaterji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3651-6362"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Somali Chaterji","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017296865","display_name":"Nathan D. DeLay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3239-0798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan DeLay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109003810","display_name":"John Evans","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Evans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087903223","display_name":"Nathan S. Mosier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0258-644X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Mosier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075832529","display_name":"Bernard A. Engel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7352-0507"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bernard Engel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055708317","display_name":"Dennis R. Buckmaster","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5586-141X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dennis Buckmaster","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026552079","display_name":"Michael R. Ladisch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9953-9599"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael R. Ladisch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112443217","display_name":"Ranveer Chandra","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranveer Chandra","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microsoft Research, Microsoft Azure, Redmond, WA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microsoft Research, Microsoft Azure, Redmond, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5055585728"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":3.8251,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93512978,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"227","last_page":"240"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9864000082015991,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7196897864341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7190371155738831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analytics","display_name":"Analytics","score":0.693411111831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.5944137573242188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-analysis","display_name":"Data analysis","score":0.49333491921424866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/big-data","display_name":"Big data","score":0.4847140312194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-agriculture","display_name":"Precision agriculture","score":0.4698561429977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.350820928812027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.1954815685749054}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7196897864341736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7190371155738831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79158427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485396","display_name":"Analytics","level":2,"score":0.693411111831665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.5944137573242188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175801342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988917","display_name":"Data analysis","level":2,"score":0.49333491921424866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75684735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q858810","display_name":"Big data","level":2,"score":0.4847140312194824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.4698561429977417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.350820928812027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.1954815685749054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcs.2021.3085846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2021.3085846","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782664/9349230/09444818.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176459","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","issn_l":"2644-1268","issn":["2644-1268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:cf22cb7d34a44274b25c49bc5c4f7e77","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/cf22cb7d34a44274b25c49bc5c4f7e77","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society, Vol 2, Pp 227-240 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcs.2021.3085846","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcs.2021.3085846","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782664/9349230/09444818.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176459","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","issn_l":"2644-1268","issn":["2644-1268"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Computer Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.800000011920929,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307758","display_name":"Eli Lilly and Company","ror":"https://ror.org/01qat3289"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320308943","display_name":"Microsoft Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309036","display_name":"Purdue University","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309409","display_name":"Lilly Endowment","ror":"https://ror.org/00cpsd622"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3166708802.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3166708802.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W814282759","https://openalex.org/W1564787285","https://openalex.org/W1607207171","https://openalex.org/W1673310716","https://openalex.org/W1850084715","https://openalex.org/W1963959300","https://openalex.org/W1975382492","https://openalex.org/W1997414300","https://openalex.org/W2006588449","https://openalex.org/W2016102829","https://openalex.org/W2063859853","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2065873941","https://openalex.org/W2067219437","https://openalex.org/W2076314604","https://openalex.org/W2092509086","https://openalex.org/W2099340539","https://openalex.org/W2101788345","https://openalex.org/W2110485445","https://openalex.org/W2115749563","https://openalex.org/W2166082989","https://openalex.org/W2185841109","https://openalex.org/W2238968372","https://openalex.org/W2338392543","https://openalex.org/W2416799949","https://openalex.org/W2475924856","https://openalex.org/W2484896917","https://openalex.org/W2591726959","https://openalex.org/W2600422751","https://openalex.org/W2605165679","https://openalex.org/W2736671313","https://openalex.org/W2749110104","https://openalex.org/W2752064279","https://openalex.org/W2760948241","https://openalex.org/W2765303113","https://openalex.org/W2769715796","https://openalex.org/W2785369415","https://openalex.org/W2794550757","https://openalex.org/W2807894308","https://openalex.org/W2808365057","https://openalex.org/W2890975400","https://openalex.org/W2893379203","https://openalex.org/W2896792906","https://openalex.org/W2952851876","https://openalex.org/W2954611552","https://openalex.org/W2962691290","https://openalex.org/W2962883027","https://openalex.org/W2963283923","https://openalex.org/W2968288091","https://openalex.org/W2968630385","https://openalex.org/W2972270478","https://openalex.org/W2998635473","https://openalex.org/W2999945971","https://openalex.org/W3007115203","https://openalex.org/W3021834743","https://openalex.org/W3035932795","https://openalex.org/W3046498456","https://openalex.org/W3091202243","https://openalex.org/W3094577470","https://openalex.org/W3102037649","https://openalex.org/W3107788976","https://openalex.org/W3117065421","https://openalex.org/W3128452405","https://openalex.org/W3176147180","https://openalex.org/W3182743376","https://openalex.org/W3203251378","https://openalex.org/W3215115456","https://openalex.org/W4251999575","https://openalex.org/W4254816979","https://openalex.org/W4288000030","https://openalex.org/W6633959538","https://openalex.org/W6636309336","https://openalex.org/W6637131181","https://openalex.org/W6689803739","https://openalex.org/W6720496200","https://openalex.org/W6736163905","https://openalex.org/W6766212498","https://openalex.org/W6773168117","https://openalex.org/W6781134303","https://openalex.org/W6784497824","https://openalex.org/W6786767891","https://openalex.org/W6798485294","https://openalex.org/W6801818673","https://openalex.org/W7001912067","https://openalex.org/W7053526126"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4226266853","https://openalex.org/W4245701730","https://openalex.org/W4210252074","https://openalex.org/W2511794504","https://openalex.org/W3092201768","https://openalex.org/W2911648135","https://openalex.org/W2886451445","https://openalex.org/W3108449883","https://openalex.org/W2551093110","https://openalex.org/W2796632413"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Digital":[0],"agriculture,":[1],"with":[2,98,147,168],"the":[3,10,169,179,182,230,236],"incorporation":[4],"of":[5,43,100,105,119,149,158,171,224,232],"Internet-of-Things":[6],"(IoT)-based":[7],"technologies,":[8],"presents":[9],"ability":[11],"to":[12,61,86,200],"control":[13],"a":[14,69,102],"system":[15],"at":[16,89],"multiple":[17],"levels":[18],"(individual,":[19],"local,":[20],"regional,":[21],"and":[22,24,33,47,54,122,138,151,161,184,187,190,211,226],"global)":[23],"generates":[25],"tools":[26],"that":[27,154],"allow":[28],"for":[29,113,133,141,181,219,222],"improved":[30],"decision":[31],"making":[32],"higher":[34],"productivity.":[35],"Recent":[36],"advances":[37],"in":[38,68,94,173,204,229,235],"IoT":[39,76,134,160],"hardware,":[40],"e.g.,":[41,49,116,207],"networks":[42],"heterogeneous":[44],"embedded":[45],"devices,":[46,77],"software,":[48],"lightweight":[50],"computer":[51],"vision":[52,132],"algorithms":[53,197],"cloud":[55,186],"optimization":[56],"solutions,":[57,135],"make":[58],"it":[59,83],"possible":[60,85],"efficiently":[62],"process":[63],"data":[64,88,108,136,183,209],"from":[65],"diverse":[66],"sources":[67],"connected":[70],"(smart)":[71],"farm.":[72],"By":[73],"interconnecting":[74],"these":[75],"often":[78],"across":[79],"large":[80],"geographical":[81],"distances,":[82],"is":[84],"collect":[87],"different":[90],"time":[91],"scales,":[92],"including":[93],"near":[95],"real-time":[96],"(i.e.,":[97],"delays":[99],"only":[101],"few":[103],"tens":[104],"seconds).":[106],"This":[107],"can":[109],"then":[110],"be":[111,201],"used":[112],"actionable":[114,139],"insights,":[115],"precise":[117],"applications":[118],"soil":[120],"supplements":[121],"reduced":[123],"environmental":[124],"footprint.":[125],"Through":[126],"LATTICE,":[127],"we":[128],"present":[129],"an":[130],"integrated":[131],"processing,":[137],"analytics":[140,210,218],"digital":[142,233],"agriculture.":[143],"We":[144,194,214],"couple":[145],"this":[146,205],"discussion":[148],"economics":[150],"policy":[152,227],"considerations":[153],"will":[155],"underlie":[156],"adoption":[157],"such":[159],"ML":[162],"technologies.":[163],"Our":[164],"paper":[165],"starts":[166],"off":[167],"types":[170],"datasets":[172],"typical":[174],"field":[175],"operations,":[176],"followed":[177],"by":[178,216],"lifecycle":[180],"storage,":[185],"edge":[188],"analytics,":[189],"fast":[191],"information-retrieval":[192],"solutions.":[193],"discuss":[195],"what":[196],"are":[198],"proving":[199],"most":[202],"impactful":[203],"space,":[206],"approximate":[208],"on-device/in-network":[212],"processing.":[213],"conclude":[215],"discussing":[217],"alternative":[220],"agriculture":[221,234],"generation":[223],"biofuels":[225],"challenges":[228],"implementation":[231],"wild.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-01T08:55:55.761014","created_date":"2021-06-22T00:00:00"}