{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7135091624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2026.3673375","title":"An Extended Look at Green Traffic Engineering by Minimizing Active Linecards","display_name":"An Extended Look at Green Traffic Engineering by Minimizing Active Linecards","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7135091624","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2026.3673375"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2026.3673375","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2026.3673375","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2026.3673375","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128828985","display_name":"Daniel Otten","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170658231","display_name":"Osnabr\u00fcck University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qmmjx98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170658231"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Otten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osnabr&#x00FC;ck University, Osnabr&#x00FC;ck, Lower-Saxony, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1389-0179","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osnabr&#x00FC;ck University, Osnabr&#x00FC;ck, Lower-Saxony, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170658231"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014838553","display_name":"Max Ilsen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4532-3829"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170658231","display_name":"Osnabr\u00fcck University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qmmjx98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170658231"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Max Ilsen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osnabr&#x00FC;ck University, Osnabr&#x00FC;ck, Lower-Saxony, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4532-3829","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osnabr&#x00FC;ck University, Osnabr&#x00FC;ck, Lower-Saxony, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170658231"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044475263","display_name":"Markus Chimani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4681-5550"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170658231","display_name":"Osnabr\u00fcck University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qmmjx98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170658231"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus Chimani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osnabr&#x00FC;ck University, Osnabr&#x00FC;ck, Lower-Saxony, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osnabr&#x00FC;ck University, Osnabr&#x00FC;ck, Lower-Saxony, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170658231"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031130703","display_name":"Nils Aschenbruck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5861-8896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170658231","display_name":"Osnabr\u00fcck University","ror":"https://ror.org/04qmmjx98","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170658231"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nils Aschenbruck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Osnabr&#x00FC;ck University, Osnabr&#x00FC;ck, Lower-Saxony, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Osnabr&#x00FC;ck University, Osnabr&#x00FC;ck, Lower-Saxony, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170658231"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5128828985"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170658231"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48925205,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":null,"first_page":"2794","last_page":"2813"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.16349999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10524","display_name":"Traffic control and management","score":0.16349999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.11900000274181366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.10559999942779541,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/minification","display_name":"Minification","score":0.31630000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/work","display_name":"Work (physics)","score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intersection","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","score":0.2556999921798706}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47859999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.361299991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147764199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865248","display_name":"Minification","level":2,"score":0.31630000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3075000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.24449999630451202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115901376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automation","level":2,"score":0.2418999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.23999999463558197}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2026.3673375","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2026.3673375","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c6a0fbf1a7f548deacf4625823ffceb9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c6a0fbf1a7f548deacf4625823ffceb9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, Vol 7, Pp 2794-2813 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2026.3673375","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2026.3673375","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.46677666902542114,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3395163296","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"AS 341/7-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G628693564","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CH 897/7-2","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6758225026","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"461207633","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Backbone":[0],"networks":[1],"consume":[2],"vast":[3],"amounts":[4],"of":[5,21,50,72,135,142,151],"energy":[6,42,137,180],"yet":[7],"operate":[8],"significantly":[9],"below":[10,19],"capacity":[11],"during":[12,156],"off-peak":[13],"hours,":[14],"with":[15,159,169],"traffic":[16,26,78],"often":[17],"dropping":[18],"50%":[20],"peak":[22],"levels.":[23],"Existing":[24],"green":[25],"engineering":[27],"approaches":[28],"rely":[29],"on":[30,59,110],"impractical":[31],"assumptions":[32],"such":[33],"as":[34],"powering":[35],"down":[36],"entire":[37],"routers":[38],"or":[39],"use":[40],"outdated":[41],"models":[43],"that":[44,129],"ignore":[45],"the":[46,70],"actual":[47],"power":[48],"characteristics":[49],"modern":[51],"hardware.":[52],"We":[53,68],"address":[54],"these":[55],"limitations":[56],"by":[57],"focusing":[58],"linecard":[60],"deactivation\u2014the":[61],"most":[62,103],"effective":[63],"energy-saving":[64],"mechanism":[65],"in":[66,179],"practice.":[67],"formalize":[69],"problem":[71],"minimizing":[73],"active":[74],"linecards":[75,152],"while":[76,139],"satisfying":[77],"demands":[79],"and":[80,87,95,114,184],"link":[81],"utilization":[82],"constraints,":[83],"prove":[84],"it":[85],"NP-hard,":[86],"present":[88],"two":[89,104],"solutions:":[90],"an":[91],"optimal":[92,136],"ILP":[93],"formulation":[94],"a":[96,119],"scalable":[97],"Segment":[98],"Routing-based":[99],"approach":[100,175],"using":[101],"at":[102],"segments":[105],"per":[106],"path.":[107],"Our":[108],"evaluation":[109],"260":[111],"Repetita":[112],"instances":[113],"24":[115],"monthly":[116],"snapshots":[117],"from":[118],"Tier-1":[120],"ISP":[121,147],"(up":[122],"to":[123,165],"190":[124],"routers,":[125],"4,600":[126],"links)":[127],"demonstrates":[128],"our":[130,174],"heuristic":[131],"achieves":[132],"over":[133],"90%":[134],"savings":[138],"solving":[140],"orders":[141],"magnitude":[143],"faster.":[144],"On":[145],"real":[146],"topologies,":[148],"approximately":[149],"70%":[150],"can":[153],"be":[154],"deactivated":[155],"low-load":[157],"periods,":[158],"solutions":[160],"remaining":[161],"stable":[162],"for":[163],"up":[164],"9":[166],"days.":[167],"Comparison":[168],"reimplemented":[170],"state-of-the-art":[171],"algorithms":[172],"confirms":[173],"outperforms":[176],"existing":[177],"methods":[178],"savings,":[181],"computational":[182],"efficiency,":[183],"deployment":[185],"complexity.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2026-03-13T00:00:00"}
