{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412939442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3595459","title":"Cross-Layer Integrated Sensing and Communication: A Joint Industrial and Academic Perspective","display_name":"Cross-Layer Integrated Sensing and Communication: A Joint Industrial and Academic Perspective","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412939442","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3595459"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3595459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3595459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3595459","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033860704","display_name":"Henk Wymeersch","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1298-6159"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Henk Wymeersch","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1298-6159","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035651291","display_name":"Nuutti Tervo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8450-3750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuutti Tervo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications-Radio Technologies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Centre for Wireless Communications -Radio Technologies (CWC-RT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8450-3750","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications-Radio Technologies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications -Radio Technologies (CWC-RT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072736904","display_name":"Stefan W\u00e4nstedt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan W\u00e4nstedt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ericsson Research, Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden","Ericsson, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ericsson Research, Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080134346","display_name":"Sharief Saleh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1365-417X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharief Saleh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1365-417X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5119202577","display_name":"Joerg Ahlendorf","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210123704","display_name":"NXP (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/0268h4j55","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109147379","https://openalex.org/I4210123704"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joerg Ahlendorf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of System Innovation Industrial, CTO, NXP, Hamburg, Germany","NXP, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of System Innovation Industrial, CTO, NXP, Hamburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123704"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NXP, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210123704"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041905435","display_name":"\u00d6zg\u00fcr Umut Akg\u00fcl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-2594"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738502077","display_name":"Nokia (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04pkc8m17","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ozgur Akgul","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Nokia Standards, Nokia, Espoo, Finland","Nokia, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Nokia Standards, Nokia, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003057020","display_name":"Vasileios Tsekenis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8565-1229"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112089","display_name":"WINGS ICT Solutions (Greece)","ror":"https://ror.org/023kmsj44","country_code":"GR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112089"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasileios Tsekenis","raw_affiliation_strings":["WINGS ICT Solutions SA, Nea Smirni, Greece","WINGS ICT Solutions SA, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8565-1229","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINGS ICT Solutions SA, Nea Smirni, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINGS ICT Solutions SA, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016540712","display_name":"Sokratis Barmpounakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5326-2237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112089","display_name":"WINGS ICT Solutions (Greece)","ror":"https://ror.org/023kmsj44","country_code":"GR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112089"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sokratis Barmpounakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["WINGS ICT Solutions SA, Nea Smirni, Greece","WINGS ICT Solutions SA, Greece"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5326-2237","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINGS ICT Solutions SA, Nea Smirni, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINGS ICT Solutions SA, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072669849","display_name":"Liping Bai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0179-7755"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liping Bai","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111129799","display_name":"Martin Beale","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129561","display_name":"Sony (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/02t8vgv97","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129561","https://openalex.org/I4210143797"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Beale","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology &#x0026; Engineering Centre-Europe, Sony Europe, Lund, Sweden","Sony Europe, Lund, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1862-8345","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology &#x0026; Engineering Centre-Europe, Sony Europe, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129561"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sony Europe, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129561"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017565613","display_name":"Rafael Berkvens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0064-5020"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119540","display_name":"Province of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/022v8s261","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119540"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafael Berkvens","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDLab, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium","IDLab, University of Antwerp, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0064-5020","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDLab, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119540","https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDLab, University of Antwerp, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910","https://openalex.org/I4210119540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008268707","display_name":"Nabeel Nisar Bhat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2375-8618"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119540","display_name":"Province of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/022v8s261","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119540"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nabeel Nisar Bhat","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDLab, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium","IDLab, University of Antwerp, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2375-8618","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDLab, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119540","https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDLab, University of Antwerp, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910","https://openalex.org/I4210119540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100725055","display_name":"Hui Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-9966"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9345-9966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091794310","display_name":"Shrayan Das","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6228-1483"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shrayan Das","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications-Radio Technologies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Centre for Wireless Communications -Radio Technologies (CWC-RT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6228-1483","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications-Radio Technologies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications -Radio Technologies (CWC-RT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034504039","display_name":"Claude Desset","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5822-1688"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claude Desset","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMEC, Leuven, Belgium","IMEC, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMEC, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMEC, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005612118","display_name":"Antonio de la Oliva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2510-6632"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio de la Oliva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telematics Engineering Department, University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, Spain","University Carlos III of Madrid, Spain"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2510-6632","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telematics Engineering Department, University Carlos III of Madrid, Getafe, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Carlos III of Madrid, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030121078","display_name":"Prajnamaya Dass","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8495-130X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113131","display_name":"Barkhausen Institut","ror":"https://ror.org/0260qqv98","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113131"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prajnamaya Dass","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trustworthy Data Processing Group, Barkhausen Institut, Dresden, Germany","Barkhausen Institut, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trustworthy Data Processing Group, Barkhausen Institut, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barkhausen Institut, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047378679","display_name":"Jeroen Famaey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3587-1354"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119540","display_name":"Province of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/022v8s261","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119540"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeroen Famaey","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDLab, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium","IDLab, University of Antwerp, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3587-1354","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDLab, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119540","https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDLab, University of Antwerp, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910","https://openalex.org/I4210119540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030404959","display_name":"Hamed Farhadi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9853-2977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hamed Farhadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ericsson Research, Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden","Ericsson, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9853-2977","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ericsson Research, Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022117288","display_name":"Gerhard Fettweis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4622-1311"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I245417339","display_name":"Vodafone (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044qwkx83","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I245417339","https://openalex.org/I74316835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerhard P. Fettweis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany","TU Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4622-1311","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I245417339","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100782394","display_name":"Yu Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1747-2664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1747-2664","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077148213","display_name":"Hao Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1631-7902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1631-7902","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014498166","display_name":"Rreze Halili","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1094-7751"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119540","display_name":"Province of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/022v8s261","country_code":"BE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119540"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rreze Halili","raw_affiliation_strings":["IDLab, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium","IDLab, University of Antwerp, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1094-7751","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDLab, University of Antwerp, Antwerpen, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119540","https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IDLab, University of Antwerp, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910","https://openalex.org/I4210119540"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020777570","display_name":"Katsuyuki Haneda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4778-6405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","display_name":"Aalto University","ror":"https://ror.org/020hwjq30","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katsuyuki Haneda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","Aalto University, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4778-6405","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Aalto University, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111136019","display_name":"Abdur Rahman Mohamed Ismail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9783-114X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdur Rahman Mohamed Ismail","raw_affiliation_strings":["IMEC, Leuven, Belgium","IMEC, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMEC, Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IMEC, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022735324","display_name":"Akshay Jain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6986-2720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738502077","display_name":"Nokia (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04pkc8m17","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149358","display_name":"Nokia (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04kwfkk85","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210149358"]}],"countries":["FI","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akshay Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Nokia, Massy, France","Nokia, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6986-2720","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Nokia, Massy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149358","https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072649972","display_name":"Sylvaine Kerboeuf","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5382-3989"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2738502077","display_name":"Nokia (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04pkc8m17","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210149358","display_name":"Nokia (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/04kwfkk85","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210149358"]}],"countries":["FI","FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sylvaine Kerboeuf","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Nokia, Massy, France","Nokia, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5382-3989","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Nokia, Massy, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149358","https://openalex.org/I2738502077"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210149358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052704820","display_name":"Musa Furkan Keskin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-8377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Musa Furkan Keskin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-8377","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062541012","display_name":"Emad Ibrahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9170-3240"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emad Ibrahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ericsson Research, Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden","Ericsson, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ericsson Research, Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015938045","display_name":"Bilal Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8515-2518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bilal Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications-Radio Technologies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Centre for Wireless Communications -Radio Technologies (CWC-RT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8515-2518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications-Radio Technologies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications -Radio Technologies (CWC-RT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101767920","display_name":"Siddhartha Kumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3610-6440"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109626","display_name":"Qamcom Research and Technology (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/01jkn7h76","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109626"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siddhartha Kumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qamcom Research and Technology AB, G&#x00F6;thenburg, Sweden","Qamcom Research and Technology AB, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3610-6440","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qamcom Research and Technology AB, G&#x00F6;thenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109626"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qamcom Research and Technology AB, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073873169","display_name":"Stefan K\u00f6psell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0466-562X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210113131","display_name":"Barkhausen Institut","ror":"https://ror.org/0260qqv98","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210113131"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan K\u00f6psell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Trustworthy Data Processing Group, Barkhausen Institut, Dresden, Germany","Barkhausen Institut, Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0466-562X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Trustworthy Data Processing Group, Barkhausen Institut, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113131"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Barkhausen Institut, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210113131"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055747461","display_name":"\u0391\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03c4\u03bf\u03bb\u03bf\u03c2 \u039a\u03bf\u03c5\u03c3\u03b1\u03c1\u03af\u03b4\u03b1\u03c2","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2953-3858"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Apostolos Kousaridas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Bell Labs, Nokia, Munich, Germany","Nokia, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Bell Labs, Nokia, Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041819257","display_name":"Pekka Ky\u00f6sti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-9234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pekka Ky\u00f6sti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications-Radio Technologies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Centre for Wireless Communications -Radio Technologies (CWC-RT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3533-9234","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications-Radio Technologies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications -Radio Technologies (CWC-RT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046244928","display_name":"Simon Lindberg","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109626","display_name":"Qamcom Research and Technology (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/01jkn7h76","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109626"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon Lindberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qamcom Research and Technology AB, G&#x00F6;thenburg, Sweden","Qamcom Research and Technology AB, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qamcom Research and Technology AB, G&#x00F6;thenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109626"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qamcom Research and Technology AB, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103071061","display_name":"Mohammad Hossein Moghaddam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2915-8250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109626","display_name":"Qamcom Research and Technology (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/01jkn7h76","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210109626"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohammad Hossein Moghaddam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Qamcom Research and Technology AB, G&#x00F6;thenburg, Sweden","Qamcom Research and Technology AB, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qamcom Research and Technology AB, G&#x00F6;thenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109626"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Qamcom Research and Technology AB, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109626"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031956158","display_name":"Ahmad Nimr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3045-6271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I245417339","display_name":"Vodafone (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044qwkx83","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I245417339","https://openalex.org/I74316835"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78650965","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t Dresden","ror":"https://ror.org/042aqky30","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Nimr","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany","TU Dresden, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3045-6271","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vodafone Chair Mobile Communications Systems, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I245417339","https://openalex.org/I78650965"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"TU Dresden, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78650965"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116616874","display_name":"Victor Pettersson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Victor Pettersson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054231009","display_name":"Aarno P\u00e4rssinen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-6148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aarno P\u00e4rssinen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Wireless Communications-Radio Technologies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","Centre for Wireless Communications -Radio Technologies (CWC-RT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5461-6148","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications-Radio Technologies, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Wireless Communications -Radio Technologies (CWC-RT), University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093932108","display_name":"Basuki Priyanto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129561","display_name":"Sony (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/02t8vgv97","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129561","https://openalex.org/I4210143797"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Basuki Priyanto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Technology &#x0026; Engineering Centre-Europe, Sony Europe, Lund, Sweden","Sony Europe, Lund, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Technology &#x0026; Engineering Centre-Europe, Sony Europe, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129561"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sony Europe, Lund, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129561"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010634742","display_name":"Athanasios Stavridis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6974-6746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Athanasios Stavridis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ericsson Research, Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden","Ericsson, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ericsson Research, Ericsson, Stockholm, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086726797","display_name":"Tommy Svensson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2579-9002"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommy Svensson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2579-9002","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5093111555","display_name":"Sonika Ujjwal","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210163994","display_name":"Ericsson (Finland)","ror":"https://ror.org/04vv43q89","country_code":"FI","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040","https://openalex.org/I4210163994"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sonika Ujjwal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Ericsson Research, Ericsson, Kirkkonummi, Finland","Ericsson, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Ericsson Research, Ericsson, Kirkkonummi, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163994"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210163994"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":7,"institutions_distinct_count":43,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033860704"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":2.3373,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89153695,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"6966","last_page":"7015"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9165999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9165999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.7716922760009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint","display_name":"Joint (building)","score":0.6872500777244568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.5439907908439636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3917270004749298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.31142687797546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2950432300567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.21103248000144958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architectural-engineering","display_name":"Architectural engineering","score":0.15594831109046936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.11656713485717773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11083284020423889}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.7716922760009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18555067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8375051","display_name":"Joint (building)","level":2,"score":0.6872500777244568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.5439907908439636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3917270004749298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.31142687797546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2950432300567627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.21103248000144958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.15594831109046936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.11656713485717773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11083284020423889}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3595459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3595459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:01K74AVM08CJ1486RBQ6NGNWC5","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-01K74AVM08CJ1486RBQ6NGNWC5","pdf_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/01K74AVM08CJ1486RBQ6NGNWC5/file/01K74AZ18XD6FM5CKWJ21ZRSZ2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 2644-125X","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:aaltodoc.aalto.fi:123456789/139173","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.aalto.fi/en/publications/fd1101b8-6dff-4c02-8943-a9c8fdb58d4b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401663","display_name":"Aaltodoc (Aalto University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I9927081","host_organization_name":"Aalto University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9927081"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1b2b00fa2e45427fb69f8a6d96f7723d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1b2b00fa2e45427fb69f8a6d96f7723d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, Vol 6, Pp 6966-7015 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3595459","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3595459","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5400000214576721,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5953124089","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"101095759","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","funder_display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334322","display_name":"HORIZON EUROPE Framework Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":191,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981835967","https://openalex.org/W2023535408","https://openalex.org/W2030729543","https://openalex.org/W2070397898","https://openalex.org/W2072079297","https://openalex.org/W2089665343","https://openalex.org/W2094655360","https://openalex.org/W2104029796","https://openalex.org/W2106833671","https://openalex.org/W2106911581","https://openalex.org/W2110902875","https://openalex.org/W2114694381","https://openalex.org/W2116560806","https://openalex.org/W2126352534","https://openalex.org/W2154279874","https://openalex.org/W2156820867","https://openalex.org/W2196484074","https://openalex.org/W2277196941","https://openalex.org/W2389510147","https://openalex.org/W2588743534","https://openalex.org/W2598778432","https://openalex.org/W2626563255","https://openalex.org/W2741114205","https://openalex.org/W2759115281","https://openalex.org/W2762050554","https://openalex.org/W2794402674","https://openalex.org/W2805657678","https://openalex.org/W2895865304","https://openalex.org/W2900022759","https://openalex.org/W2917655188","https://openalex.org/W2962703830","https://openalex.org/W2972718341","https://openalex.org/W2982280489","https://openalex.org/W2993827264","https://openalex.org/W3005538747","https://openalex.org/W3011082615","https://openalex.org/W3033636971","https://openalex.org/W3037170119","https://openalex.org/W3045571861","https://openalex.org/W3046991405","https://openalex.org/W3072033075","https://openalex.org/W3093929720","https://openalex.org/W3116872734","https://openalex.org/W3121047872","https://openalex.org/W3127477746","https://openalex.org/W3128409631","https://openalex.org/W3133871036","https://openalex.org/W3160418042","https://openalex.org/W3160450049","https://openalex.org/W3165265377","https://openalex.org/W3173128293","https://openalex.org/W3176721475","https://openalex.org/W3188236023","https://openalex.org/W3191750312","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3204486671","https://openalex.org/W3206163352","https://openalex.org/W3207361103","https://openalex.org/W3208187232","https://openalex.org/W3209298344","https://openalex.org/W3209467970","https://openalex.org/W3211231951","https://openalex.org/W3211270128","https://openalex.org/W3213070675","https://openalex.org/W3216480070","https://openalex.org/W4205204500","https://openalex.org/W4210454073","https://openalex.org/W4210934837","https://openalex.org/W4214839699","https://openalex.org/W4214888618","https://openalex.org/W4221155487","https://openalex.org/W4236219470","https://openalex.org/W4246193833","https://openalex.org/W4281557958","https://openalex.org/W4285019080","https://openalex.org/W4285203226","https://openalex.org/W4296708208","https://openalex.org/W4312050976","https://openalex.org/W4312454662","https://openalex.org/W4312536677","https://openalex.org/W4312830363","https://openalex.org/W4312897659","https://openalex.org/W4313042286","https://openalex.org/W4313055888","https://openalex.org/W4313534874","https://openalex.org/W4313886683","https://openalex.org/W4315783230","https://openalex.org/W4317033507","https://openalex.org/W4320018439","https://openalex.org/W4320018468","https://openalex.org/W4321373310","https://openalex.org/W4321488241","https://openalex.org/W4321488358","https://openalex.org/W4321618026","https://openalex.org/W4322716251","https://openalex.org/W4365790383","https://openalex.org/W4367032385","https://openalex.org/W4372260028","https://openalex.org/W4372267582","https://openalex.org/W4377293858","https://openalex.org/W4378842435","https://openalex.org/W4381233102","https://openalex.org/W4381327765","https://openalex.org/W4381745244","https://openalex.org/W4381804327","https://openalex.org/W4382618630","https://openalex.org/W4383340362","https://openalex.org/W4383747423","https://openalex.org/W4384789283","https://openalex.org/W4384832112","https://openalex.org/W4386148294","https://openalex.org/W4387871209","https://openalex.org/W4387885996","https://openalex.org/W4387986918","https://openalex.org/W4388040546","https://openalex.org/W4388052968","https://openalex.org/W4388377018","https://openalex.org/W4389076345","https://openalex.org/W4389161147","https://openalex.org/W4389319388","https://openalex.org/W4389606845","https://openalex.org/W4389610184","https://openalex.org/W4389925691","https://openalex.org/W4390187074","https://openalex.org/W4390659069","https://openalex.org/W4390659125","https://openalex.org/W4391014850","https://openalex.org/W4391092702","https://openalex.org/W4391468265","https://openalex.org/W4391553999","https://openalex.org/W4392015286","https://openalex.org/W4392152306","https://openalex.org/W4392449462","https://openalex.org/W4393372046","https://openalex.org/W4393379769","https://openalex.org/W4393987731","https://openalex.org/W4395678984","https://openalex.org/W4396878076","https://openalex.org/W4396884778","https://openalex.org/W4396982229","https://openalex.org/W4398199908","https://openalex.org/W4399619622","https://openalex.org/W4399666212","https://openalex.org/W4399666247","https://openalex.org/W4399939582","https://openalex.org/W4400070981","https://openalex.org/W4400276208","https://openalex.org/W4400645409","https://openalex.org/W4400877120","https://openalex.org/W4400877776","https://openalex.org/W4401171692","https://openalex.org/W4401328762","https://openalex.org/W4402156416","https://openalex.org/W4402170469","https://openalex.org/W4402170759","https://openalex.org/W4402171536","https://openalex.org/W4402218023","https://openalex.org/W4402626886","https://openalex.org/W4402629764","https://openalex.org/W4402834452","https://openalex.org/W4403210464","https://openalex.org/W4403296817","https://openalex.org/W4403782501","https://openalex.org/W4404035649","https://openalex.org/W4404056835","https://openalex.org/W4404101085","https://openalex.org/W4404688723","https://openalex.org/W4404787476","https://openalex.org/W4404788042","https://openalex.org/W4404788067","https://openalex.org/W4405380100","https://openalex.org/W4406046935","https://openalex.org/W4406094041","https://openalex.org/W4406267528","https://openalex.org/W4406754376","https://openalex.org/W4406890278","https://openalex.org/W4407173342","https://openalex.org/W4407317342","https://openalex.org/W4407638386","https://openalex.org/W4407639040","https://openalex.org/W4407666511","https://openalex.org/W4407788113","https://openalex.org/W4408182816","https://openalex.org/W4408325914","https://openalex.org/W4408790634","https://openalex.org/W4408951654","https://openalex.org/W4409916855","https://openalex.org/W4410342969","https://openalex.org/W4410583810","https://openalex.org/W4411688982","https://openalex.org/W4413267694"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2018871932","https://openalex.org/W641279757","https://openalex.org/W370975646","https://openalex.org/W1670566515","https://openalex.org/W4242022592","https://openalex.org/W596972243","https://openalex.org/W2149537132","https://openalex.org/W4313230280","https://openalex.org/W69751022"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Integrated":[0],"sensing":[1,64],"and":[2,11,47,61,65,78,86,100,106,121,130,145,157],"communication":[3,66],"(ISAC)":[4],"enables":[5],"radio":[6],"systems":[7],"to":[8,118,154],"simultaneously":[9],"sense":[10],"communicate":[12],"with":[13,93],"their":[14],"environment.":[15],"This":[16],"paper,":[17],"developed":[18],"within":[19],"the":[20,25,54],"Hexa-X-II":[21],"project":[22],"funded":[23],"by":[24,52],"European":[26],"Union,":[27],"presents":[28],"a":[29,111,143],"comprehensive":[30],"cross-layer":[31,113],"vision":[32],"for":[33],"ISAC":[34,138],"in":[35,91],"6G":[36,141],"networks,":[37,82],"integrating":[38],"insights":[39],"from":[40,127,150],"physical-layer":[41],"design,":[42,98],"hardware":[43,94],"architectures,":[44],"AI-driven":[45],"intelligence,":[46],"protocol-level":[48],"innovations.":[49],"We":[50],"begin":[51],"revisiting":[53],"foundational":[55],"principles":[56],"of":[57],"ISAC,":[58],"highlighting":[59],"synergies":[60],"trade-offs":[62],"between":[63],"across":[67],"different":[68],"integration":[69],"levels.":[70],"Enabling":[71],"technologies":[72],"(such":[73],"as":[74],"multiband":[75],"operation,":[76],"massive":[77],"distributed":[79],"MIMO,":[80],"non-terrestrial":[81],"reconfigurable":[83],"intelligent":[84],"surfaces,":[85],"machine":[87],"learning)":[88],"are":[89],"analyzed":[90],"conjunction":[92],"considerations":[95],"including":[96],"waveform":[97],"synchronization,":[99],"full-duplex":[101],"operation.":[102],"To":[103],"bridge":[104],"implementation":[105],"system-level":[107],"evaluation,":[108],"we":[109],"introduce":[110],"quantitative":[112],"framework":[114],"linking":[115],"design":[116],"parameters":[117],"key":[119],"performance":[120],"value":[122],"indicators.":[123],"By":[124],"synthesizing":[125],"perspectives":[126],"both":[128],"academia":[129],"industry,":[131],"this":[132],"paper":[133],"outlines":[134],"how":[135],"deeply":[136],"integrated":[137],"can":[139],"transform":[140],"into":[142],"programmable":[144],"context-aware":[146],"platform":[147],"supporting":[148],"applications":[149],"reliable":[151],"wireless":[152],"access":[153],"autonomous":[155],"mobility":[156],"digital":[158],"twinning.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T09:19:25.381259","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
