{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4407937480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3545566","title":"Twin Delayed DDPG (TD3)-Based Edge Server Selection for 5G-Enabled Industrial and C-ITS Applications","display_name":"Twin Delayed DDPG (TD3)-Based Edge Server Selection for 5G-Enabled Industrial and C-ITS Applications","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4407937480","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3545566"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3545566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3545566","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3545566","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020144495","display_name":"Malik Muhammad Saad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1721-4681"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Malik Muhammad Saad","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057961688","display_name":"Muhammad Ali Jamshed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2141-9025"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I7882870","display_name":"University of Glasgow","ror":"https://ror.org/00vtgdb53","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I7882870"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I867661903","display_name":"City of Glasgow College","ror":"https://ror.org/0403kv531","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I867661903"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ali Jamshed","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Science and Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Science and Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I7882870","https://openalex.org/I867661903"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116420479","display_name":"Abdulhameed Idris Adedamola","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulhameed Idris Adedamola","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090587594","display_name":"Ali Nauman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2133-5286"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I55240360","display_name":"Yeungnam University","ror":"https://ror.org/05yc6p159","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I55240360"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Nauman","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan-si, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I55240360"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100655990","display_name":"Dongkyun Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1995-378X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I31419693","display_name":"Kyungpook National University","ror":"https://ror.org/040c17130","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongkyun Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020144495"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I31419693"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":5.9213,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95547065,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"3332","last_page":"3343"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13918","display_name":"Advanced Data and IoT Technologies","score":0.9804999828338623,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9781000018119812,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.6570236682891846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5937643051147461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49384576082229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4418136477470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3954501450061798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13167819380760193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.0774332582950592}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.6570236682891846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5937643051147461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49384576082229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4418136477470398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3954501450061798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13167819380760193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0774332582950592}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3545566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3545566","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ce8416e258224becb435e3b479b5dcce","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ce8416e258224becb435e3b479b5dcce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, Vol 6, Pp 3332-3343 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3545566","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2025.3545566","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5099999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2790370181","https://openalex.org/W3126796721","https://openalex.org/W3172644304","https://openalex.org/W3176397155","https://openalex.org/W3181079702","https://openalex.org/W3202565281","https://openalex.org/W4226349219","https://openalex.org/W4291653298","https://openalex.org/W4317794926","https://openalex.org/W4376643890","https://openalex.org/W4377030676","https://openalex.org/W4377971464","https://openalex.org/W4383957133","https://openalex.org/W4387272153","https://openalex.org/W4388676543","https://openalex.org/W4391026180","https://openalex.org/W4391116236","https://openalex.org/W4393172008","https://openalex.org/W4394593798","https://openalex.org/W4400488219","https://openalex.org/W4400647457","https://openalex.org/W4402350363","https://openalex.org/W4402490841","https://openalex.org/W4403677940","https://openalex.org/W4404102567","https://openalex.org/W4404840095","https://openalex.org/W4412291093"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4404995717","https://openalex.org/W2016187641","https://openalex.org/W4404725684","https://openalex.org/W4246450666","https://openalex.org/W4388998267","https://openalex.org/W4409278740","https://openalex.org/W2898370298"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,11,28,35,51,64,68,71,82,153,195],"3GPP-defined":[2],"edge":[3,134,150,166,217],"computing":[4],"architecture,":[5],"User":[6],"Equipment":[7],"(UE)":[8],"interacts":[9],"with":[10],"Edge":[12,20,29,53,58,154],"Enabler":[13,21,30],"Layer":[14],"to":[15,27,49,70,129,133,190,194,220,226],"request":[16],"application":[17],"services.":[18],"The":[19,57,107],"Client":[22],"(EEC)":[23],"forwards":[24],"these":[25],"requests":[26],"Server":[31,55,60],"(EES),":[32],"which":[33],"leverages":[34],"3GPP":[36],"core":[37],"network":[38],"for":[39,66,86,145,164],"UE":[40,69],"analytics,":[41],"such":[42,112,202],"as":[43,113,203],"location":[44],"and":[45,102,119,140,169,176,210,233],"Quality-of-Service":[46],"(QoS)":[47],"requirements,":[48],"identify":[50],"optimal":[52,165],"Application":[54],"(EAS).":[56],"Configuration":[59],"(ECS)":[61],"then":[62],"provisions":[63],"configurations":[65],"connecting":[67],"selected":[72],"EAS.":[73],"While":[74],"this":[75],"architecture":[76],"provides":[77],"a":[78,90],"robust":[79],"framework,":[80],"finding":[81],"most":[83,196],"appropriate":[84],"EAS":[85,198],"task":[87,138],"execution":[88],"remains":[89],"critical":[91],"challenge":[92],"in":[93,117,152,173],"heterogeneous":[94],"environments":[95],"where":[96],"Cooperative":[97],"Intelligent":[98],"Transportation":[99],"Systems":[100],"(C-ITS)":[101],"industrial":[103,121,177],"5G":[104],"applications":[105,122],"coexist.":[106],"diverse":[108],"nature":[109],"of":[110],"applications,":[111],"latency-critical":[114],"safety":[115],"tasks":[116,132,193,222],"C-ITS":[118,175],"throughput-intensive":[120],"like":[123],"real-time":[124],"robotics,":[125],"makes":[126],"it":[127,214],"essential":[128],"intelligently":[130],"map":[131],"servers.":[135],"Additionally,":[136],"uneven":[137],"distribution":[139],"server":[141,167],"overloading":[142],"necessitate":[143],"mechanisms":[144],"dynamic":[146],"load":[147,171],"sharing":[148],"between":[149],"servers":[151,225],"Data":[155],"Network":[156],"(EDN).":[157],"This":[158],"paper":[159],"proposes":[160],"an":[161,216],"AI-driven":[162],"framework":[163,187],"selection":[168],"collaborative":[170],"management":[172],"5G-enabled":[174],"environments.":[178],"Twin":[179],"Delayed":[180],"Deep":[181],"Deterministic":[182],"Gradient":[183],"Policy":[184],"(TD3)":[185],"based":[186],"is":[188],"proposed":[189],"dynamically":[191],"assign":[192],"suitable":[197],"while":[199],"considering":[200],"constraints":[201],"low":[204],"latency,":[205],"high":[206],"throughput,":[207],"computation":[208],"resources,":[209],"bandwidth":[211],"resources.":[212],"Furthermore,":[213],"introduces":[215],"node-sharing":[218],"mechanism":[219],"offload":[221],"from":[223],"overloaded":[224],"neighboring":[227],"nodes,":[228],"ensuring":[229],"balanced":[230],"resource":[231],"utilization":[232],"seamless":[234],"service":[235],"delivery.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-31T07:56:22.981413","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
