{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400644449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2024.3427639","title":"Over-the-Air OFDM-IM Through Frequency Mixing and Modulating Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces","display_name":"Over-the-Air OFDM-IM Through Frequency Mixing and Modulating Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400644449","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2024.3427639"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2024.3427639","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2024.3427639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2024.3427639","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073135722","display_name":"Elvan Kuzucu H\u0131d\u0131r","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1341-2429"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Elvan Kuzucu Hidir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Baykar National Tactical Armed/UAV Systems R &#x0026; D and Manifacturing Facility, Baykar Technology, Basaksehir, Istanbul, T&#x00FC;rkiye"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Baykar National Tactical Armed/UAV Systems R &#x0026; D and Manifacturing Facility, Baykar Technology, Basaksehir, Istanbul, T&#x00FC;rkiye","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051978835","display_name":"Ertu\u011frul Ba\u015far","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-2392"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ertugrul Basar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Communications Research and Innovation Laboratory, Ko&#x00E7; University, Istanbul, T&#x00FC;rkiye"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Communications Research and Innovation Laboratory, Ko&#x00E7; University, Istanbul, T&#x00FC;rkiye","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053539115","display_name":"Hakan Ali \u00c7\u0131rpan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3591-6567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hakan Ali Cirpan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, T&#x00FC;rkiye"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, T&#x00FC;rkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073135722"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":0.2204,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50625057,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"4531","last_page":"4540"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9661999940872192,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","score":0.7498139142990112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mixing","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","score":0.5272121429443359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45840221643447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4247044026851654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.3283984065055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3180278539657593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2693595886230469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.23315274715423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.09000697731971741}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.7498139142990112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138777275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6884054","display_name":"Mixing (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5272121429443359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45840221643447876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4247044026851654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3283984065055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3180278539657593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2693595886230469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23315274715423584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.09000697731971741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2024.3427639","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2024.3427639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dd5d17a9ca764427b4d47bb3669fa988","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dd5d17a9ca764427b4d47bb3669fa988","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, Vol 5, Pp 4531-4540 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:polen.itu.edu.tr:11527/59633","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11527/59633","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400460","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University Academic Open Archive (Istanbul Technical University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","host_organization_name":"Istanbul Technical University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2024.3427639","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2024.3427639","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7825779496","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"120E401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","funder_display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322626","display_name":"T\u00fcrkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Kurumu","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9kkr77"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2344487751","https://openalex.org/W2540924152","https://openalex.org/W2896507689","https://openalex.org/W2901348109","https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W2971912794","https://openalex.org/W2977498830","https://openalex.org/W3005347223","https://openalex.org/W3011747750","https://openalex.org/W3039790476","https://openalex.org/W3101806386","https://openalex.org/W3122520873","https://openalex.org/W3128409631","https://openalex.org/W3159369509","https://openalex.org/W3159402647","https://openalex.org/W3174903837","https://openalex.org/W4226093563","https://openalex.org/W4256217385","https://openalex.org/W4285194622","https://openalex.org/W4289829885","https://openalex.org/W4319303026","https://openalex.org/W4386423672","https://openalex.org/W4386920796","https://openalex.org/W4394828146"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2792339401","https://openalex.org/W2530747331","https://openalex.org/W3097525855","https://openalex.org/W4246450666","https://openalex.org/W4388998267","https://openalex.org/W2125564215","https://openalex.org/W2898370298","https://openalex.org/W2137437058","https://openalex.org/W2517776947","https://openalex.org/W1986382998"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Beyond":[0],"fifth-generation":[1],"(5G)":[2],"wireless":[3,92,105],"communication,":[4],"reconfigurable":[5],"intelligent":[6],"surfaces":[7],"(RIS)":[8],"have":[9,31],"emerged":[10],"as":[11],"a":[12,135,152,194],"transformative":[13],"technology":[14],"that":[15,117],"can":[16,122],"redefine":[17],"how":[18],"we":[19,150,242,260,282],"interact":[20],"with":[21,193],"and":[22,29,162,176,228,238,257],"harness":[23],"electromagnetic":[24,38],"waves.":[25],"Advancements":[26],"in":[27,36,91,137,147,235,293],"meta-materials":[28],"metasurfaces":[30],"brought":[32],"about":[33],"exceptional":[34],"flexibility":[35],"controlling":[37],"waves":[39],"at":[40,125],"scales":[41],"smaller":[42],"than":[43,199],"the":[44,54,65,69,74,86,101,109,126,131,138,172,201,217,244,248,263,270,276,290,300],"wavelength.":[45],"The":[46,178,208],"frequency-mixing":[47],"RIS":[48,164,255],"(FMx-RIS)":[49],"has":[50,84,114,231],"been":[51,115],"introduced,":[52],"considering":[53],"benefits":[55],"of":[56,104,111,133,182,206,211,269,299],"programmable":[57],"metasurfaces.":[58],"This":[59,128],"method":[60],"introduces":[61],"additional":[62],"frequencies":[63],"into":[64,247],"original":[66],"signal,":[67],"making":[68],"communication":[70],"environment":[71],"non-linear.":[72],"Among":[73],"different":[75],"multicarrier":[76],"transmission":[77,192],"methods,":[78],"orthogonal":[79],"frequency":[80,102,160],"division":[81],"multiplexing":[82],"(OFDM)":[83],"become":[85],"most":[87,179],"commonly":[88],"used":[89],"option":[90],"communications":[93],"due":[94],"to":[95,120,141,166,170,189,220,288,306],"reducing":[96],"intersymbol":[97],"interference":[98],"caused":[99],"by":[100,158,252],"selectivity":[103],"channels.":[106],"Upon":[107],"examining":[108],"structure":[110,197],"FMx-RIS,":[112],"it":[113],"observed":[116],"signals":[118],"similar":[119,140],"OFDM":[121,142,155],"be":[123],"obtained":[124],"receiver.":[127],"situation":[129],"indicates":[130],"possibility":[132],"generating":[134],"signal":[136],"air":[139],"using":[143,275],"an":[144],"RIS.":[145],"Therefore,":[146],"this":[148,183],"study,":[149],"propose":[151],"novel":[153,209],"Over-the-Air":[154,249,272,302],"system":[156,203,245,251,274,304],"design":[157,204],"integrating":[159],"mixing":[161],"modulating":[163],"(FMMx-RIS)":[165],"exploit":[167],"its":[168,187],"ability":[169,188],"manipulate":[171],"incident":[173],"wave\u2019s":[174],"magnitude":[175],"frequency.":[177],"notable":[180],"aspect":[181],"innovative":[184],"scheme":[185],"is":[186],"offer":[190],"multi-carrier":[191],"straightforward":[195],"transmitter":[196],"rather":[198],"requiring":[200],"complex":[202],"typical":[205],"OFDM.":[207,311],"concept":[210],"index":[212],"modulation":[213],"(IM),":[214],"which":[215],"leverages":[216],"spatial":[218],"domain":[219],"transmit":[221],"extra":[222],"information":[223],"more":[224],"efficiently,":[225],"enhancing":[226],"energy":[227],"spectrum":[229],"efficiency,":[230],"attracted":[232],"considerable":[233],"interest":[234],"both":[236],"academic":[237],"industrial":[239],"fields.":[240],"Hence,":[241],"extend":[243],"model":[246],"OFDM-IM":[250,273,303],"toggling":[253],"frequency-changing":[254],"on":[256],"off.":[258],"Furthermore,":[259],"analytically":[261],"assess":[262],"average":[264],"bit":[265,294],"error":[266,295],"probability":[267],"(ABEP)":[268],"proposed":[271,301],"maximum":[277],"likelihood":[278],"(ML)":[279],"decoder.":[280],"Subsequently,":[281],"present":[283],"comprehensive":[284],"computer":[285],"simulation":[286],"results":[287],"demonstrate":[289],"significant":[291],"improvement":[292],"rate":[296],"(BER)":[297],"performance":[298],"compared":[305],"reference":[307],"systems":[308],"employing":[309],"RIS-aided":[310]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-06T13:50:29.536080","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
