{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387717417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3324952","title":"Localization as a Key Enabler of 6G Wireless Systems: A Comprehensive Survey and an Outlook","display_name":"Localization as a Key Enabler of 6G Wireless Systems: A Comprehensive Survey and an Outlook","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387717417","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3324952"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3324952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3324952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3324952","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047505820","display_name":"Stylianos E. Trevlakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5106-7780"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210106481","display_name":"Hellenic Agency for Local Development and Local Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0126xra53","country_code":"GR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210106481"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stylianos E. Trevlakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Research and Development, InnoCube P.C., Thessaloniki, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Research and Development, InnoCube P.C., Thessaloniki, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083860419","display_name":"Alexandros\u2013Apostolos A. Boulogeorgos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-0872"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89506807","display_name":"University of Western Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/00a5pe906","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexandros-Apostolos A. Boulogeorgos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001866035","display_name":"Dimitrios Pliatsios","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7042-7902"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89506807","display_name":"University of Western Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/00a5pe906","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitrios Pliatsios","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045393382","display_name":"Jorge Querol","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8500-5534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jorge Querol","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063091776","display_name":"Konstantinos Ntontin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1899-6865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Ntontin","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050756789","display_name":"Panagiotis Sarigiannidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6042-0355"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89506807","display_name":"University of Western Macedonia","ror":"https://ror.org/00a5pe906","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panagiotis Sarigiannidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, Kozani, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89506807"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016154330","display_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5122-0001"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","display_name":"University of Luxembourg","ror":"https://ror.org/036x5ad56","country_code":"LU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}],"countries":["LU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Symeon Chatzinotas","raw_affiliation_strings":["SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SnT, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081612175","display_name":"Marco Di Renzo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0772-8793"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210097418","display_name":"Laboratoire des signaux et syst\u00e8mes","ror":"https://ror.org/00skw9v43","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I277688954","https://openalex.org/I4210097418","https://openalex.org/I4210107720"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Di Renzo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, Laboratoire des Signaux et Systèmes, Gif-sur-Yvette, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210097418","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047505820"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210106481"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":10.6551,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":82,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98923034,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"2733","last_page":"2801"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.7069911956787109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6788213849067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.656679093837738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enabling","display_name":"Enabling","score":0.6347376704216003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.47200652956962585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.43611353635787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.42519474029541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.3463616371154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.19680416584014893}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.7069911956787109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6788213849067688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.656679093837738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22607594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5375150","display_name":"Enabling","level":2,"score":0.6347376704216003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.47200652956962585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.43611353635787964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.42519474029541016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3463616371154785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.19680416584014893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3324952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3324952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-04490031v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://centralesupelec.hal.science/hal-04490031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922466","display_name":"SPIRE - Sciences Po Institutional REpository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 2023, 4, pp.2733-2801. ⟨10.1109/OJCOMS.2023.3324952⟩","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5a2e15aaeac14a769c93293da2615ca8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5a2e15aaeac14a769c93293da2615ca8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, Vol 4, Pp 2733-2801 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:orbilu.uni.lu:10993/58652","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://orbilu.uni.lu/handle/10993/58652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401815","display_name":"Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Luxembourg)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I186903577","host_organization_name":"University of Luxembourg","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I186903577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, 4, 2733 - 2801 (2023)","raw_type":"peer reviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:17523192","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2023.3324952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3324952","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3324952","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.49000000953674316,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G142903573","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"22-PEFT-0005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3271398155","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"871464","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6414956071","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NF-YACARI","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":514,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W570552830","https://openalex.org/W1507064084","https://openalex.org/W1661685040","https://openalex.org/W1844818070","https://openalex.org/W1964772738","https://openalex.org/W1965753745","https://openalex.org/W1969582831","https://openalex.org/W1972250166","https://openalex.org/W1979266466","https://openalex.org/W1987648924","https://openalex.org/W1992551667","https://openalex.org/W2002621213","https://openalex.org/W2016639084","https://openalex.org/W2025004307","https://openalex.org/W2073808079","https://openalex.org/W2076367212","https://openalex.org/W2100758588","https://openalex.org/W2105935781","https://openalex.org/W2113170311","https://openalex.org/W2119667497","https://openalex.org/W2124216931","https://openalex.org/W2146881125","https://openalex.org/W2149450361","https://openalex.org/W2157379615","https://openalex.org/W2160851491","https://openalex.org/W2163419627","https://openalex.org/W2169724204","https://openalex.org/W2178809570","https://openalex.org/W2183640887","https://openalex.org/W2195693430","https://openalex.org/W2230051723","https://openalex.org/W2275537915","https://openalex.org/W2287252941","https://openalex.org/W2289771968","https://openalex.org/W2290207474","https://openalex.org/W2292044699","https://openalex.org/W2292522737","https://openalex.org/W2294001010","https://openalex.org/W2300277256","https://openalex.org/W2305658817","https://openalex.org/W2309512289","https://openalex.org/W2338849079","https://openalex.org/W2343546531","https://openalex.org/W2395193529","https://openalex.org/W2406364024","https://openalex.org/W2409635379","https://openalex.org/W2424065099","https://openalex.org/W2461937780","https://openalex.org/W2462016520","https://openalex.org/W2462826356","https://openalex.org/W2466248587","https://openalex.org/W2469724873","https://openalex.org/W2469797310","https://openalex.org/W2474296258","https://openalex.org/W2477806637","https://openalex.org/W2485876241","https://openalex.org/W2488477424","https://openalex.org/W2490299299","https://openalex.org/W2492689404","https://openalex.org/W2512470811","https://openalex.org/W2513619356","https://openalex.org/W2513662117","https://openalex.org/W2514031784","https://openalex.org/W2520175491","https://openalex.org/W2531456495","https://openalex.org/W2538535315","https://openalex.org/W2544951992","https://openalex.org/W2547302171","https://openalex.org/W2550365168","https://openalex.org/W2554581053","https://openalex.org/W2558891025","https://openalex.org/W2558943196","https://openalex.org/W2569316870","https://openalex.org/W2569436025","https://openalex.org/W2574500110","https://openalex.org/W2578800327","https://openalex.org/W2579144984","https://openalex.org/W2579242936","https://openalex.org/W2587538350","https://openalex.org/W2588214567","https://openalex.org/W2588710441","https://openalex.org/W2593683299","https://openalex.org/W2596783488","https://openalex.org/W2599936006","https://openalex.org/W2604765471","https://openalex.org/W2605943641","https://openalex.org/W2607216769","https://openalex.org/W2612506043","https://openalex.org/W2613020807","https://openalex.org/W2725848324","https://openalex.org/W2733111670","https://openalex.org/W2733306512","https://openalex.org/W2738645121","https://openalex.org/W2742590002","https://openalex.org/W2744484140","https://openalex.org/W2748965934","https://openalex.org/W2749750670","https://openalex.org/W2749754673","https://openalex.org/W2750632489","https://openalex.org/W2753857670","https://openalex.org/W2753866421","https://openalex.org/W2754114454","https://openalex.org/W2756340466","https://openalex.org/W2759764221","https://openalex.org/W2763125446","https://openalex.org/W2766035525","https://openalex.org/W2766187414","https://openalex.org/W2766228596","https://openalex.org/W2766293776","https://openalex.org/W2768361931","https://openalex.org/W2769094067","https://openalex.org/W2770281069","https://openalex.org/W2770520066","https://openalex.org/W2770728149","https://openalex.org/W2775990209","https://openalex.org/W2776252545","https://openalex.org/W2776656643","https://openalex.org/W2777572945","https://openalex.org/W2779673798","https://openalex.org/W2781235574","https://openalex.org/W2781729746","https://openalex.org/W2782845509","https://openalex.org/W2783108254","https://openalex.org/W2783313081","https://openalex.org/W2785565485","https://openalex.org/W2786248088","https://openalex.org/W2789350381","https://openalex.org/W2790330288","https://openalex.org/W2790544094","https://openalex.org/W2790876762","https://openalex.org/W2791124749","https://openalex.org/W2791639158","https://openalex.org/W2792367815","https://openalex.org/W2793043725","https://openalex.org/W2793054793","https://openalex.org/W2793945859","https://openalex.org/W2794167353","https://openalex.org/W2795206680","https://openalex.org/W2796050624","https://openalex.org/W2797227892","https://openalex.org/W2797589308","https://openalex.org/W2798052822","https://openalex.org/W2801853815","https://openalex.org/W2802162059","https://openalex.org/W2802380040","https://openalex.org/W2802789914","https://openalex.org/W2805166665","https://openalex.org/W2805657678","https://openalex.org/W2805840946","https://openalex.org/W2807038563","https://openalex.org/W2808086230","https://openalex.org/W2808214731","https://openalex.org/W2808520797","https://openalex.org/W2808894402","https://openalex.org/W2809356669","https://openalex.org/W2834910512","https://openalex.org/W2836844976","https://openalex.org/W2865103122","https://openalex.org/W2883387190","https://openalex.org/W2884034421","https://openalex.org/W2884070836","https://openalex.org/W2884209645","https://openalex.org/W2886522435","https://openalex.org/W2886808313","https://openalex.org/W2888031286","https://openalex.org/W2888267464","https://openalex.org/W2889049333","https://openalex.org/W2889074766","https://openalex.org/W2889515735","https://openalex.org/W2889792619","https://openalex.org/W2890714858","https://openalex.org/W2890784233","https://openalex.org/W2891088180","https://openalex.org/W2891224819","https://openalex.org/W2896156141","https://openalex.org/W2897735485","https://openalex.org/W2898131585","https://openalex.org/W2898334231","https://openalex.org/W2899529562","https://openalex.org/W2900322357","https://openalex.org/W2901566077","https://openalex.org/W2901866722","https://openalex.org/W2901941234","https://openalex.org/W2902516214","https://openalex.org/W2902603613","https://openalex.org/W2902750893","https://openalex.org/W2903155668","https://openalex.org/W2903983414","https://openalex.org/W2904075389","https://openalex.org/W2904468434","https://openalex.org/W2905469759","https://openalex.org/W2906226899","https://openalex.org/W2907535948","https://openalex.org/W2910123761","https://openalex.org/W2910423618","https://openalex.org/W2910876636","https://openalex.org/W2911091942","https://openalex.org/W2911781873","https://openalex.org/W2912272023","https://openalex.org/W2912729427","https://openalex.org/W2914010201","https://openalex.org/W2914947962","https://openalex.org/W2920458626","https://openalex.org/W2921397161","https://openalex.org/W2922174720","https://openalex.org/W2923338490","https://openalex.org/W2924295246","https://openalex.org/W2924475988","https://openalex.org/W2934830435","https://openalex.org/W2935923641","https://openalex.org/W2937031311","https://openalex.org/W2939481405","https://openalex.org/W2943200858","https://openalex.org/W2944278712","https://openalex.org/W2944738496","https://openalex.org/W2944948359","https://openalex.org/W2945596130","https://openalex.org/W2945982571","https://openalex.org/W2946331101","https://openalex.org/W2947683354","https://openalex.org/W2949068709","https://openalex.org/W2949499893","https://openalex.org/W2950392941","https://openalex.org/W2951775284","https://openalex.org/W2952732400","https://openalex.org/W2953121424","https://openalex.org/W2954228414","https://openalex.org/W2954371167","https://openalex.org/W2955809904","https://openalex.org/W2957099408","https://openalex.org/W2958373442","https://openalex.org/W2958573942","https://openalex.org/W2962178058","https://openalex.org/W2962863167","https://openalex.org/W2962909429","https://openalex.org/W2962927793","https://openalex.org/W2962978694","https://openalex.org/W2962991278","https://openalex.org/W2963014286","https://openalex.org/W2963081425","https://openalex.org/W2963131198","https://openalex.org/W2963187309","https://openalex.org/W2963408914","https://openalex.org/W2963441279","https://openalex.org/W2963478408","https://openalex.org/W2963539531","https://openalex.org/W2963830578","https://openalex.org/W2963861143","https://openalex.org/W2964029185","https://openalex.org/W2964103109","https://openalex.org/W2964174544","https://openalex.org/W2964770372","https://openalex.org/W2964884160","https://openalex.org/W2965052638","https://openalex.org/W2965511173","https://openalex.org/W2966602090","https://openalex.org/W2967101465","https://openalex.org/W2967881340","https://openalex.org/W2967887272","https://openalex.org/W2968492468","https://openalex.org/W2968609010","https://openalex.org/W2968932964","https://openalex.org/W2969098385","https://openalex.org/W2969150231","https://openalex.org/W2969746406","https://openalex.org/W2969774384","https://openalex.org/W2970137547","https://openalex.org/W2970479183","https://openalex.org/W2971553606","https://openalex.org/W2973616902","https://openalex.org/W2974868440","https://openalex.org/W2977754667","https://openalex.org/W2979359324","https://openalex.org/W2980217352","https://openalex.org/W2980594903","https://openalex.org/W2980728767","https://openalex.org/W2981025631","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W2982101701","https://openalex.org/W2982140796","https://openalex.org/W2982144023","https://openalex.org/W2982324923","https://openalex.org/W2982631407","https://openalex.org/W2983679773","https://openalex.org/W2984459839","https://openalex.org/W2984524544","https://openalex.org/W2984937369","https://openalex.org/W2985031189","https://openalex.org/W2985355069","https://openalex.org/W2987840533","https://openalex.org/W2988138047","https://openalex.org/W2990622472","https://openalex.org/W2990640186","https://openalex.org/W2990747873","https://openalex.org/W2990844533","https://openalex.org/W2991213506","https://openalex.org/W2991800852","https://openalex.org/W2992136169","https://openalex.org/W2992172366","https://openalex.org/W2994020487","https://openalex.org/W2995161274","https://openalex.org/W2995502867","https://openalex.org/W2996184925","https://openalex.org/W2996685795","https://openalex.org/W2997494682","https://openalex.org/W2997649618","https://openalex.org/W2997703065","https://openalex.org/W2997993540","https://openalex.org/W2999043856","https://openalex.org/W2999332493","https://openalex.org/W2999646654","https://openalex.org/W3000438138","https://openalex.org/W3001927083","https://openalex.org/W3003096526","https://openalex.org/W3004150905","https://openalex.org/W3004155931","https://openalex.org/W3004340854","https://openalex.org/W3004702404","https://openalex.org/W3005320710","https://openalex.org/W3006143078","https://openalex.org/W3011067038","https://openalex.org/W3011830499","https://openalex.org/W3012477929","https://openalex.org/W3016635190","https://openalex.org/W3017272319","https://openalex.org/W3020198068","https://openalex.org/W3021614403","https://openalex.org/W3024798398","https://openalex.org/W3024965910","https://openalex.org/W3026429681","https://openalex.org/W3026564676","https://openalex.org/W3030669241","https://openalex.org/W3034968889","https://openalex.org/W3035142189","https://openalex.org/W3035359533","https://openalex.org/W3035433001","https://openalex.org/W3035831665","https://openalex.org/W3037350341","https://openalex.org/W3039795369","https://openalex.org/W3042689071","https://openalex.org/W3042871078","https://openalex.org/W3043758338","https://openalex.org/W3044549460","https://openalex.org/W3045583513","https://openalex.org/W3046167303","https://openalex.org/W3047491762","https://openalex.org/W3047541574","https://openalex.org/W3051786217","https://openalex.org/W3053647791","https://openalex.org/W3075060036","https://openalex.org/W3080577972","https://openalex.org/W3080794969","https://openalex.org/W3080824426","https://openalex.org/W3080889385","https://openalex.org/W3081786470","https://openalex.org/W3084212472","https://openalex.org/W3087841338","https://openalex.org/W3088293852","https://openalex.org/W3090913682","https://openalex.org/W3091365446","https://openalex.org/W3091485922","https://openalex.org/W3091687063","https://openalex.org/W3092233344","https://openalex.org/W3092446067","https://openalex.org/W3092997364","https://openalex.org/W3093658987","https://openalex.org/W3094600421","https://openalex.org/W3096210707","https://openalex.org/W3097072081","https://openalex.org/W3098143411","https://openalex.org/W3099221239","https://openalex.org/W3101819905","https://openalex.org/W3104300639","https://openalex.org/W3106220687","https://openalex.org/W3106381443","https://openalex.org/W3108614037","https://openalex.org/W3109001971","https://openalex.org/W3109995084","https://openalex.org/W3111012323","https://openalex.org/W3113108189","https://openalex.org/W3116894024","https://openalex.org/W3118064820","https://openalex.org/W3118250095","https://openalex.org/W3119593986","https://openalex.org/W3120245831","https://openalex.org/W3120441982","https://openalex.org/W3121523871","https://openalex.org/W3124420883","https://openalex.org/W3126380805","https://openalex.org/W3127368595","https://openalex.org/W3127395311","https://openalex.org/W3127605436","https://openalex.org/W3128409631","https://openalex.org/W3129633471","https://openalex.org/W3130269865","https://openalex.org/W3130559101","https://openalex.org/W3131123664","https://openalex.org/W3131275095","https://openalex.org/W3131830212","https://openalex.org/W3131883483","https://openalex.org/W3131899115","https://openalex.org/W3132394694","https://openalex.org/W3132704706","https://openalex.org/W3134406316","https://openalex.org/W3135161799","https://openalex.org/W3144970863","https://openalex.org/W3152301406","https://openalex.org/W3154003107","https://openalex.org/W3154667272","https://openalex.org/W3155535021","https://openalex.org/W3155912831","https://openalex.org/W3156209837","https://openalex.org/W3156262338","https://openalex.org/W3159080474","https://openalex.org/W3159524697","https://openalex.org/W3160348383","https://openalex.org/W3160417706","https://openalex.org/W3163574510","https://openalex.org/W3163679798","https://openalex.org/W3177262287","https://openalex.org/W3178463696","https://openalex.org/W3183286025","https://openalex.org/W3186028265","https://openalex.org/W3186721018","https://openalex.org/W3188236023","https://openalex.org/W3188283781","https://openalex.org/W3189209457","https://openalex.org/W3191433431","https://openalex.org/W3194620979","https://openalex.org/W3196372816","https://openalex.org/W3197878038","https://openalex.org/W3198309204","https://openalex.org/W3199336768","https://openalex.org/W3200072585","https://openalex.org/W3200161747","https://openalex.org/W3201530369","https://openalex.org/W3202040511","https://openalex.org/W3206205324","https://openalex.org/W3206511420","https://openalex.org/W3206577009","https://openalex.org/W3208121901","https://openalex.org/W3209120396","https://openalex.org/W3211484547","https://openalex.org/W3211984779","https://openalex.org/W3213245317","https://openalex.org/W3214316618","https://openalex.org/W3214334574","https://openalex.org/W3216069328","https://openalex.org/W3216205907","https://openalex.org/W3216379160","https://openalex.org/W4200105998","https://openalex.org/W4205161799","https://openalex.org/W4205436213","https://openalex.org/W4206963555","https://openalex.org/W4210428984","https://openalex.org/W4221128560","https://openalex.org/W4225410179","https://openalex.org/W4225526243","https://openalex.org/W4225616379","https://openalex.org/W4225856095","https://openalex.org/W4250955649","https://openalex.org/W4280546461","https://openalex.org/W4283369336","https://openalex.org/W4285126951","https://openalex.org/W4285162360","https://openalex.org/W4285203226","https://openalex.org/W4287811172","https://openalex.org/W4288064661","https://openalex.org/W4288257836","https://openalex.org/W4289362491","https://openalex.org/W4289550293","https://openalex.org/W4289655875","https://openalex.org/W4290973502","https://openalex.org/W4293057507","https://openalex.org/W4293095119","https://openalex.org/W4293166653","https://openalex.org/W4296270254","https://openalex.org/W4306950682","https://openalex.org/W4308503509","https://openalex.org/W4310501683","https://openalex.org/W4310720485","https://openalex.org/W4312311124","https://openalex.org/W4312603395","https://openalex.org/W4312767306","https://openalex.org/W4313027809","https://openalex.org/W4313034315","https://openalex.org/W4313055888","https://openalex.org/W4318586195","https://openalex.org/W4320063697","https://openalex.org/W4366412494","https://openalex.org/W4368341782","https://openalex.org/W4378468511","https://openalex.org/W4378842579","https://openalex.org/W6711705004","https://openalex.org/W6720965983","https://openalex.org/W6732242165","https://openalex.org/W6742468294","https://openalex.org/W6749137921","https://openalex.org/W6749558366","https://openalex.org/W6756367973","https://openalex.org/W6756650269","https://openalex.org/W6766974481","https://openalex.org/W6770734250","https://openalex.org/W6773563762","https://openalex.org/W6776704561","https://openalex.org/W6777536727","https://openalex.org/W6779060699","https://openalex.org/W6782009038","https://openalex.org/W6787736703","https://openalex.org/W6790933454","https://openalex.org/W6800550329","https://openalex.org/W6841745658","https://openalex.org/W6842055153","https://openalex.org/W6852629313"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1974860256","https://openalex.org/W4321381871","https://openalex.org/W4383065492","https://openalex.org/W2111901522","https://openalex.org/W2289630402","https://openalex.org/W2408679928","https://openalex.org/W1528456027","https://openalex.org/W4385224773","https://openalex.org/W1994033552","https://openalex.org/W2908230797"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"When":[0],"fully":[1],"implemented,":[2],"sixth":[3],"generation":[4],"(6G)":[5],"wireless":[6,11,71,139,174],"systems":[7],"will":[8,25,46],"constitute":[9],"intelligent":[10],"networks":[12],"that":[13,55,93,153],"enable":[14],"not":[15],"only":[16],"ubiquitous":[17],"communication":[18,49],"but":[19],"also":[20],"high-accuracy":[21],"localization":[22,67,106,128,134,171],"services.":[23],"They":[24],"be":[26],"the":[27,60,75,78,120,123,133,138,145,156,165],"driving":[28],"force":[29],"behind":[30],"this":[31,57],"transformation":[32],"by":[33],"introducing":[34],"a":[35,116],"new":[36],"set":[37],"of":[38,66,77,119,122,147],"characteristics":[39],"and":[40,63,89,100,126,144,161],"service":[41],"capabilities":[42],"in":[43,68,172],"which":[44],"location":[45],"coexist":[47],"with":[48],"while":[50,73,105],"sharing":[51],"available":[52],"resources.":[53],"To":[54],"purpose,":[56],"survey":[58],"investigates":[59],"envisioned":[61],"applications":[62],"use":[64],"cases":[65],"future":[69,168],"6G":[70,173],"systems,":[72],"analyzing":[74],"impact":[76],"major":[79],"technology":[80],"enablers.":[81],"Afterwards,":[82],"system":[83,140],"models":[84],"for":[85,170],"millimeter":[86],"wave,":[87],"terahertz":[88],"visible":[90],"light":[91],"positioning":[92],"take":[94],"into":[95],"account":[96],"both":[97,148],"line-of-sight":[98],"(LOS)":[99],"non-LOS":[101],"channels":[102],"are":[103,110,159],"presented,":[104],"key":[107],"performance":[108],"indicators":[109],"revisited":[111],"alongside":[112],"mathematical":[113],"definitions.":[114],"Moreover,":[115],"detailed":[117],"review":[118],"state":[121],"art":[124],"conventional":[125],"learning-based":[127],"techniques":[129],"is":[130,136,142,149],"conducted.":[131],"Furthermore,":[132],"problem":[135],"formulated,":[137],"design":[141],"considered":[143],"optimization":[146],"investigated.":[150],"Finally,":[151],"insights":[152],"arise":[154],"from":[155],"presented":[157],"analysis":[158],"summarized":[160],"used":[162],"to":[163],"highlight":[164],"most":[166],"important":[167],"directions":[169],"systems.":[175]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T08:04:53.788161","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}