{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384787184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3294942","title":"Age of Information of Multi-User Mobile-Edge Computing Systems","display_name":"Age of Information of Multi-User Mobile-Edge Computing Systems","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384787184","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3294942"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3294942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3294942","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782661/8901158/10185607.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782661/8901158/10185607.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082302681","display_name":"Zhifeng Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4913-3587"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhifeng Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4913-3587","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101677842","display_name":"Zhuo Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-278X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17145004","display_name":"Northwestern Polytechnical University","ror":"https://ror.org/01y0j0j86","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhuo Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-278X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi&#x2019;an, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17145004"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100680993","display_name":"Nan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9373-5289"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9373-5289","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085818373","display_name":"Xiangyun Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8973-9079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","display_name":"Australian National University","ror":"https://ror.org/019wvm592","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiangyun Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8973-9079","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":2.4566,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89682961,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":null,"first_page":"1600","last_page":"1614"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.946399986743927,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-edge-computing","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","score":0.7493991851806641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7440427541732788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5793037414550781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computation","display_name":"Computation","score":0.5628805756568909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-complexity-theory","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","score":0.5240448117256165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/server","display_name":"Server","score":0.4995570182800293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/edge-computing","display_name":"Edge computing","score":0.48260724544525146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/queueing-theory","display_name":"Queueing theory","score":0.4574193060398102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.4553225338459015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4414183497428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.4101094603538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3451361060142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.30256474018096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2552117109298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14434587955474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07867467403411865}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776061582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25325231","display_name":"Mobile edge computing","level":3,"score":0.7493991851806641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7440427541732788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5793037414550781},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.5628805756568909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.5240448117256165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.4995570182800293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778456923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5337692","display_name":"Edge computing","level":3,"score":0.48260724544525146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22684755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q847526","display_name":"Queueing theory","level":2,"score":0.4574193060398102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4553225338459015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4414183497428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.4101094603538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3451361060142517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.30256474018096924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2552117109298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14434587955474854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07867467403411865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3294942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3294942","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782661/8901158/10185607.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:02c3df34f4b04c3aa1f7b52d833b5309","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/02c3df34f4b04c3aa1f7b52d833b5309","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society, Vol 4, Pp 1600-1614 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3294942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcoms.2023.3294942","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8782661/8901158/10185607.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210202420","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","issn_l":"2644-125X","issn":["2644-125X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316002","host_organization_name":"IEEE Communications Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316002","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Communications Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5614685551","display_name":"Ultra-reliable and low-latency mission critical communications","funder_award_id":"DP180104062","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7930607411","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62102322","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4384787184.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4384787184.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1904504745","https://openalex.org/W1919404870","https://openalex.org/W1993918491","https://openalex.org/W2080346852","https://openalex.org/W2089657212","https://openalex.org/W2131974580","https://openalex.org/W2146487252","https://openalex.org/W2155368331","https://openalex.org/W2294511912","https://openalex.org/W2344423009","https://openalex.org/W2397723600","https://openalex.org/W2400861403","https://openalex.org/W2516316490","https://openalex.org/W2594560857","https://openalex.org/W2624989916","https://openalex.org/W2791851645","https://openalex.org/W2797442898","https://openalex.org/W2885325714","https://openalex.org/W2921018545","https://openalex.org/W2932640037","https://openalex.org/W2945069997","https://openalex.org/W2963294159","https://openalex.org/W2979846753","https://openalex.org/W2994425351","https://openalex.org/W2997442646","https://openalex.org/W3007564338","https://openalex.org/W3009695899","https://openalex.org/W3015815948","https://openalex.org/W3034502728","https://openalex.org/W3045022604","https://openalex.org/W3103591951","https://openalex.org/W3106385712","https://openalex.org/W3126316352","https://openalex.org/W3133786504","https://openalex.org/W3212681059","https://openalex.org/W3214057217","https://openalex.org/W3216006081","https://openalex.org/W4210762258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3174690704","https://openalex.org/W4310080053","https://openalex.org/W2981507084","https://openalex.org/W4318954397","https://openalex.org/W2989288874","https://openalex.org/W4200411065","https://openalex.org/W2945616868","https://openalex.org/W4313145167","https://openalex.org/W4200423540","https://openalex.org/W4367047481"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,39],"this":[1,40],"paper,":[2],"we":[3,43,128,148,181],"analyze":[4],"the":[5,12,61,65,79,83,98,102,107,120,133,141,144,156,165,168,173,187,193],"average":[6,13,134,137,145,157],"age":[7],"of":[8,17,143,167,189],"information":[9],"(AoI)":[10],"and":[11,31,85,101,115,118,136,152,185],"peak":[14],"AoI":[15,135,146,194],"(PAoI)":[16],"a":[18,26],"multiuser":[19],"mobile":[20],"edge":[21,69,80,99],"computing":[22,47,52,70,89],"(MEC)":[23],"system":[24,175,190],"where":[25,54,72,91],"base":[27],"station":[28],"(BS)":[29],"generates":[30],"transmits":[32],"computation-intensive":[33],"packets":[34],"to":[35,162],"user":[36],"equipments":[37],"(UEs).":[38],"MEC":[41,174],"system,":[42],"focus":[44],"on":[45,155,172,192],"three":[46],"schemes:":[48],"(i)":[49],"The":[50,68,87],"local":[51,62,108],"scheme":[53,71,90],"all":[55,73],"computational":[56,74,92],"tasks":[57,75,93],"are":[58,76,94,104],"computed":[59,77,105],"by":[60,78,106,178],"server":[63,81,100],"at":[64,82,97],"UE,":[66],"(ii)":[67],"BS,":[84],"(iii)":[86],"partial":[88],"partially":[95],"allocated":[96],"rest":[103],"server.":[109],"Considering":[110],"exponentially":[111],"distributed":[112],"transmission":[113],"time":[114,117],"computation":[116],"adopting":[119],"first":[121,123],"come":[122],"serve":[124],"(FCFS)":[125],"queuing":[126],"policy,":[127],"derive":[129,149],"closed-form":[130],"expressions":[131],"for":[132],"PAoI.":[138],"To":[139],"address":[140],"complexity":[142],"expression,":[147],"simple":[150],"upper":[151],"lower":[153],"bounds":[154],"AoI,":[158],"which":[159],"allow":[160],"us":[161],"explicitly":[163],"examine":[164],"dependence":[166],"optimal":[169],"offloading":[170],"decision":[171],"parameters.":[176],"Aided":[177],"simulation":[179],"results,":[180],"verify":[182],"our":[183],"analysis":[184],"illustrate":[186],"impact":[188],"parameters":[191],"performance.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
