{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411687725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2024.3518754","title":"Revolutionize 3D-Chip Design With Open3DFlow, an Open-Source AI-Enhanced Solution","display_name":"Revolutionize 3D-Chip Design With Open3DFlow, an Open-Source AI-Enhanced Solution","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411687725","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2024.3518754"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcas.2024.3518754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2024.3518754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192473","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2644-1225","issn":["2644-1225"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2024.3518754","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yifei Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6584-2684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yifei Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6584-2684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044489861","display_name":"Zhibin Luan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhenxuan Luan","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-3827-7741","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071709737","display_name":"Dawei Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4732-5377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawei Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4732-5377","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006677031","display_name":"W.H. Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiwei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2913-7906","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017585812","display_name":"Lei Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9939-3251"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100902141","display_name":"Zhangxi Tan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhangxi Tan","raw_affiliation_strings":["RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"RIOS Lab, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":1.5554,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84264438,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":null,"first_page":"169","last_page":"180"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11159","display_name":"Manufacturing Process and Optimization","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9815000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source","display_name":"Open source","score":0.8058804273605347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.5928905606269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5078988671302795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-source-software","display_name":"Open source software","score":0.41520819067955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.34568077325820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.20687183737754822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1207859218120575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.09806814789772034}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018397939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3644502","display_name":"Open source","level":3,"score":0.8058804273605347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.5928905606269836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5078988671302795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988343187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130645","display_name":"Open source software","level":3,"score":0.41520819067955017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.34568077325820923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.20687183737754822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1207859218120575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.09806814789772034}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcas.2024.3518754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2024.3518754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192473","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2644-1225","issn":["2644-1225"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:2cd77978b7074b3799cbc96de55f73d8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/2cd77978b7074b3799cbc96de55f73d8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems, Vol 6, Pp 169-180 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcas.2024.3518754","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2024.3518754","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192473","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2644-1225","issn":["2644-1225"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101105183","https://openalex.org/W2145658888","https://openalex.org/W2512315273","https://openalex.org/W2538167498","https://openalex.org/W2569250791","https://openalex.org/W2884307971","https://openalex.org/W2984636074","https://openalex.org/W2996413208","https://openalex.org/W3008954557","https://openalex.org/W3015587302","https://openalex.org/W3036389542","https://openalex.org/W3038091832","https://openalex.org/W3111684448","https://openalex.org/W3171752851","https://openalex.org/W3211857759","https://openalex.org/W4220943275","https://openalex.org/W4226437414","https://openalex.org/W4248245364","https://openalex.org/W4294973984","https://openalex.org/W4382052447","https://openalex.org/W4385192396","https://openalex.org/W4389722788","https://openalex.org/W4392746399","https://openalex.org/W4394894308","https://openalex.org/W4400702366","https://openalex.org/W6682631176","https://openalex.org/W6787143565","https://openalex.org/W6850625674","https://openalex.org/W6860739861","https://openalex.org/W6870114704","https://openalex.org/W6872720525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4376877853","https://openalex.org/W1493891899","https://openalex.org/W4250928611","https://openalex.org/W166480398","https://openalex.org/W1612808768","https://openalex.org/W167327709","https://openalex.org/W1977393088","https://openalex.org/W4387839566","https://openalex.org/W4210922265","https://openalex.org/W2288962794"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"escalating":[1],"demand":[2],"for":[3,37,55,214],"high-performance":[4],"and":[5,33,82,120,147],"energy-efficient":[6],"electronics":[7],"has":[8],"propelled":[9],"3D":[10,38,56,101,216],"integrated":[11],"circuits":[12],"(3D":[13],"ICs)":[14],"as":[15,74],"a":[16,60,100,106,112,124,152,175,211],"promising":[17],"solution.":[18],"However,":[19],"major":[20],"obstacles":[21],"have":[22],"been":[23],"the":[24,42,145,157,185],"lack":[25],"of":[26,91,144,169],"specialized":[27],"electronic":[28],"design":[29,35,53,104,201],"automation":[30],"(EDA)":[31],"software":[32],"standardized":[34],"flows":[36],"chiplets.":[39],"To":[40,87],"bridge":[41],"gap,":[43],"we":[44,95,177,191],"introduce":[45],"Open3DFlow,<xref":[46],"ref-type=\"fn\"":[47],"rid=\"fn1\"":[48],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[49,93,127,162,206],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">1</xref>":[50],"an":[51],"open-source":[52,136,164],"platform":[54],"ICs.":[57],"It":[58],"is":[59],"seven-step":[61],"workflow":[62],"that":[63],"incorporates":[64],"essential":[65],"ASIC":[66],"back-end":[67,195],"processes":[68],"while":[69],"supporting":[70],"multi-physics":[71],"analysis,":[72,81],"such":[73],"through":[75],"silicon":[76],"via":[77],"(TSV)":[78],"modeling,":[79],"thermal":[80],"signal":[83],"integrity":[84],"(SI)":[85],"evaluations.":[86],"illustrate":[88],"all":[89],"functionalities":[90],"<italic":[92,161,205],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Open3DFlow</i>,":[94],"use":[96],"it":[97],"to":[98,183,199,208],"implement":[99],"RISC-V":[102],"CPU":[103,118],"with":[105,135],"vertically":[107],"stacked":[108],"L2":[109],"cache":[110],"on":[111,156,194],"separated":[113],"die.":[114],"We":[115,139,203],"harden":[116],"both":[117],"logic":[119],"3D-cache":[121],"die":[122,149],"in":[123],"GlobalFoundries":[125],"<inline-formula":[126],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[128],"<tex-math":[129],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$0.18\\mu":[130],"$":[131],"</tex-math></inline-formula>m":[132],"(GF180)":[133],"process":[134],"PDK":[137],"support.":[138],"enable":[140],"face-to-face":[141],"(F2F)":[142],"coupling":[143],"top":[146],"bottom":[148],"by":[150],"constructing":[151],"bonding":[153,186],"layer":[154],"based":[155],"original":[158],"technology":[159],"file.":[160],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Open3DFlow</i>\u2019s":[163],"nature":[165],"allows":[166],"seamless":[167],"integration":[168],"custom":[170],"AI":[171],"optimization":[172],"algorithms.":[173],"As":[174],"showcase,":[176],"leverage":[178],"large":[179],"language":[180],"models":[181],"(LLMs)":[182],"help":[184],"pad":[187],"placement.":[188],"In":[189],"addition,":[190],"apply":[192],"LLM":[193],"Tcl":[196],"script":[197],"generations":[198],"improve":[200],"productivity.":[202],"expect":[204],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Open3DFlow</i>":[207],"open":[209],"up":[210],"brand-new":[212],"paradigm":[213],"future":[215],"IC":[217],"innovations.":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
