{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3215918925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2021.3122369","title":"Flexible PCB Failures From Dynamic Activity and Their Impacts on Bioimpedance Measurements: A Wearable Case Study","display_name":"Flexible PCB Failures From Dynamic Activity and Their Impacts on Bioimpedance Measurements: A Wearable Case Study","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3215918925","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2021.3122369","mag":"3215918925","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34901875"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcas.2021.3122369","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2021.3122369","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8784029/9314963/09626077.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192473","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2644-1225","issn":["2644-1225"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8784029/9314963/09626077.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007622858","display_name":"Shelby Critcher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8888-2452"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shelby Critcher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA","University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8888-2452","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027409359","display_name":"Todd J. Freeborn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9979-7301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Todd J. Freeborn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA","University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9979-7301","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":0.8493,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72993494,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"2","issue":null,"first_page":"732","last_page":"742"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12279","display_name":"Body Composition Measurement Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12279","display_name":"Body Composition Measurement Techniques","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2737","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10338","display_name":"Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials","score":0.9783999919891357,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9710000157356262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-computer","display_name":"Wearable computer","score":0.852737307548523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interconnection","display_name":"Interconnection","score":0.6350374221801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-technology","display_name":"Wearable technology","score":0.5861090421676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronics","display_name":"Electronics","score":0.5492295622825623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/printed-circuit-board","display_name":"Printed circuit board","score":0.5131872296333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5087628960609436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexible-electronics","display_name":"Flexible electronics","score":0.4771668016910553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.4557464122772217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.3512561023235321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2694806456565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.21104612946510315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.13054075837135315}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150594956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334829","display_name":"Wearable computer","level":2,"score":0.852737307548523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123745756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnection","level":2,"score":0.6350374221801758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54290928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4845080","display_name":"Wearable technology","level":3,"score":0.5861090421676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.5492295622825623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120793396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173350","display_name":"Printed circuit board","level":2,"score":0.5131872296333313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5087628960609436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84967400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1066289","display_name":"Flexible electronics","level":2,"score":0.4771668016910553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.4557464122772217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3512561023235321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2694806456565857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.21104612946510315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.13054075837135315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcas.2021.3122369","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2021.3122369","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8784029/9314963/09626077.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192473","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2644-1225","issn":["2644-1225"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34901875","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34901875","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE open journal of circuits and systems","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:884a820f1f8f43b7a685336d6d3e6c22","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/884a820f1f8f43b7a685336d6d3e6c22","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems, Vol 2, Pp 732-742 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8656411","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8656411","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open J Circuits Syst","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ojcas.2021.3122369","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ojcas.2021.3122369","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/8784029/9314963/09626077.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192473","display_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"2644-1225","issn":["2644-1225"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Open Journal of Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3541371531","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21AG056265","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","funder_display_name":"National Institutes of Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5835997428","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21AG056265","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6859081442","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R21 AG056265","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","funder_display_name":"National Institute on Aging"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312852","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337337","display_name":"National Institute on Aging","ror":"https://ror.org/049v75w11"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3215918925.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3215918925.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W172658338","https://openalex.org/W789166748","https://openalex.org/W1482924468","https://openalex.org/W1850691309","https://openalex.org/W1975125476","https://openalex.org/W1998050642","https://openalex.org/W2005786777","https://openalex.org/W2009367037","https://openalex.org/W2026477291","https://openalex.org/W2032592725","https://openalex.org/W2039690757","https://openalex.org/W2048203523","https://openalex.org/W2054500954","https://openalex.org/W2063551783","https://openalex.org/W2079985134","https://openalex.org/W2093977673","https://openalex.org/W2096039856","https://openalex.org/W2107761412","https://openalex.org/W2125628414","https://openalex.org/W2131368080","https://openalex.org/W2294075362","https://openalex.org/W2555450953","https://openalex.org/W2561948967","https://openalex.org/W2766981235","https://openalex.org/W2790036290","https://openalex.org/W2811365258","https://openalex.org/W2884996318","https://openalex.org/W2885313719","https://openalex.org/W2897337024","https://openalex.org/W2899579543","https://openalex.org/W2943858543","https://openalex.org/W2951164430","https://openalex.org/W2955297895","https://openalex.org/W2957102366","https://openalex.org/W2960333166","https://openalex.org/W2964092203","https://openalex.org/W2979752182","https://openalex.org/W3003300948","https://openalex.org/W3025531568","https://openalex.org/W3033016432","https://openalex.org/W3083175054","https://openalex.org/W3091526655","https://openalex.org/W3100168626","https://openalex.org/W3100628327","https://openalex.org/W3111791278","https://openalex.org/W3119106222","https://openalex.org/W3133944778","https://openalex.org/W3157145868","https://openalex.org/W3175815111","https://openalex.org/W6676153286","https://openalex.org/W7047090800"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3090300519","https://openalex.org/W4250401876","https://openalex.org/W2943851981","https://openalex.org/W2095299560","https://openalex.org/W2907667791","https://openalex.org/W3047461507","https://openalex.org/W3126390843","https://openalex.org/W4245880644","https://openalex.org/W4312415459","https://openalex.org/W3083225868"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Wearable":[0],"health":[1],"monitoring":[2],"systems":[3],"that":[4,22],"collect":[5],"data":[6,54,81],"in":[7,76,141],"free-living":[8,142],"environments":[9],"are":[10],"becoming":[11],"increasingly":[12],"popular.":[13],"Flexible":[14],"printed":[15],"circuits":[16],"provide":[17],"a":[18,29,77],"commercially":[19],"available":[20],"option":[21],"can":[23,43],"conform":[24],"to":[25,84],"the":[26,47,60,97,118,127],"shape":[27],"of":[28,49,62,93,106,117,131,136],"wearable":[30,78,98,128,145],"system":[31],"and":[32,36,45,69,110],"support":[33],"electronic":[34],"sensing":[35,70],"flexible":[37,50,63,101,119,138],"interconnect.":[38],"However,":[39],"repetitive":[40],"dynamic":[41],"activity":[42],"stress":[44],"damage":[46],"interconnect":[48,66],"PCBs":[51,64,102,120,139],"which":[52],"degrades":[53],"quality.":[55],"This":[56],"case":[57],"study":[58],"evaluated":[59],"performance":[61],"providing":[65],"between":[67],"electrodes":[68],"electronics":[71],"for":[72,144],"tissue":[73,123],"bioimpedance":[74,146],"measurements":[75],"system.":[79,129],"Resistance":[80],"(1":[82],"kHz":[83],"128":[85],"kHz)":[86],"was":[87],"collected":[88],"from":[89],"localized":[90],"knee":[91],"tissues":[92],"3":[94],"participants":[95],"using":[96],"design":[99],"with":[100],"over":[103],"7":[104],"days":[105],"free-living.":[107],"From":[108],"electrical":[109],"optical":[111],"inspection":[112],"after":[113],"use":[114],"trace":[115],"cracking":[116],"occurred,":[121],"degrading":[122],"resistances":[124],"reported":[125],"by":[126],"Exploration":[130],"these":[132],"results":[133],"advances":[134],"understanding":[135],"how":[137],"perform":[140],"conditions":[143],"applications.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
