{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1971118309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/norchp.2012.6403109","title":"Variability-aware design of 55 nA current reference with 1.4% standard deviation and 290 nW power consumption","display_name":"Variability-aware design of 55 nA current reference with 1.4% standard deviation and 290 nW power consumption","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1971118309","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/norchp.2012.6403109","mag":"1971118309"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/norchp.2012.6403109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/norchp.2012.6403109","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NORCHIP 2012","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086969935","display_name":"Francesca Cucchi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Cucchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, 56122 Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, 56122 Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024650480","display_name":"Stefano Di Pascoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6556-7815"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Di Pascoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, 56122 Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, 56122 Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076267890","display_name":"Giuseppe Iannaccone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3375-1647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","display_name":"University of Pisa","ror":"https://ror.org/03ad39j10","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Iannaccone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy","Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, 56122 Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, Pisa, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Universit\u00e0 di Pisa, 56122 Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9944999814033508,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-consumption","display_name":"Power consumption","score":0.7102019786834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.6661375761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5240921378135681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumption","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","score":0.4189281165599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standard-deviation","display_name":"Standard deviation","score":0.41850635409355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3842596113681793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.36507949233055115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.3590456247329712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.19174087047576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.13049089908599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.10818195343017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09722965955734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.058667272329330444}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984118289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29954","display_name":"Power consumption","level":3,"score":0.7102019786834717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.6661375761032104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5240921378135681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30772137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5164762","display_name":"Consumption (sociology)","level":2,"score":0.4189281165599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22679943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159375","display_name":"Standard deviation","level":2,"score":0.41850635409355164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3842596113681793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.36507949233055115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3590456247329712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.19174087047576904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.13049089908599854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.10818195343017578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09722965955734253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.058667272329330444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/norchp.2012.6403109","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/norchp.2012.6403109","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NORCHIP 2012","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arpi.unipi.it:11568/155591","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11568/155591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196265","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutial research information system (University of Pisa)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I108290504","host_organization_name":"University of Pisa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108290504"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W242070949","https://openalex.org/W339279952","https://openalex.org/W1566916904","https://openalex.org/W1592265443","https://openalex.org/W1977084925","https://openalex.org/W1995045807","https://openalex.org/W2071548819","https://openalex.org/W2083356181","https://openalex.org/W2094860990","https://openalex.org/W2098944725","https://openalex.org/W2104894615","https://openalex.org/W2117195793","https://openalex.org/W2133201500","https://openalex.org/W2133427075","https://openalex.org/W2140281076","https://openalex.org/W2141911137","https://openalex.org/W2151699325","https://openalex.org/W2151940289","https://openalex.org/W2158053021","https://openalex.org/W2168840467","https://openalex.org/W2546214630"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4252337044","https://openalex.org/W118630527","https://openalex.org/W38289631","https://openalex.org/W2592886773","https://openalex.org/W2922142213","https://openalex.org/W4211121235","https://openalex.org/W1982412832","https://openalex.org/W1903168099","https://openalex.org/W3030807550"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3,72],"present":[4],"the":[5,65,82,87],"design":[6],"of":[7,36,67,77],"a":[8,58,68,74,90],"0.18":[9],"\u03bcm":[10],"CMOS":[11],"current":[12],"reference,":[13],"which":[14],"is":[15],"very":[16],"robust":[17],"with":[18,32,43,79,89],"respect":[19,80],"to":[20,50,81],"process":[21,51],"variations":[22],"(1.4%":[23],"relative":[24],"standard":[25],"deviation":[26],"measured":[27],"over":[28],"23":[29],"samples)":[30],"and":[31],"low":[33,47,91],"power":[34,92],"consumption":[35],"290":[37],"nW.":[38],"This":[39],"result":[40],"was":[41],"obtained":[42],"devices":[44],"that":[45],"have":[46],"intrinsic":[48],"sensitivity":[49],"variability,":[52],"such":[53],"as":[54],"diffusion":[55],"resistors":[56],"in":[57,86],"nanopower":[59],"\u201cclassic\u201d":[60],"BJT-based":[61],"bandgap":[62],"topology.":[63],"At":[64],"cost":[66],"larger":[69],"die":[70],"area,":[71],"obtain":[73],"significant":[75],"reduction":[76],"dispersion":[78],"best":[83],"results":[84],"available":[85],"literature,":[88],"consumption.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
