{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4281707669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/noms54207.2022.9789869","title":"Analysis of CPU Placement of Cell-Free Massive MIMO for User-centric RAN","display_name":"Analysis of CPU Placement of Cell-Free Massive MIMO for User-centric RAN","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4281707669","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/noms54207.2022.9789869"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/noms54207.2022.9789869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/noms54207.2022.9789869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605650","display_name":"NOMS 2022-2022 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NOMS 2022-2022 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023750890","display_name":"Takahide Murakami","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164495","display_name":"KDDI Research (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/05qsqt662","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Takahide Murakami","raw_affiliation_strings":["KDDI Resarch, Inc.,Saitama,Japan","KDDI Resarch, Inc., Saitama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KDDI Resarch, Inc.,Saitama,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KDDI Resarch, Inc., Saitama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012032142","display_name":"Naoki Aihara","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8600-5093"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164495","display_name":"KDDI Research (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/05qsqt662","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naoki Aihara","raw_affiliation_strings":["KDDI Resarch, Inc.,Saitama,Japan","KDDI Resarch, Inc., Saitama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KDDI Resarch, Inc.,Saitama,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KDDI Resarch, Inc., Saitama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003324571","display_name":"Akio Ikami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2560-085X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164495","display_name":"KDDI Research (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/05qsqt662","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Akio Ikami","raw_affiliation_strings":["KDDI Resarch, Inc.,Saitama,Japan","KDDI Resarch, Inc., Saitama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KDDI Resarch, Inc.,Saitama,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KDDI Resarch, Inc., Saitama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041281576","display_name":"Yu Tsukamoto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7028-5545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164495","display_name":"KDDI Research (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/05qsqt662","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Tsukamoto","raw_affiliation_strings":["KDDI Resarch, Inc.,Saitama,Japan","KDDI Resarch, Inc., Saitama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KDDI Resarch, Inc.,Saitama,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KDDI Resarch, Inc., Saitama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011966823","display_name":"Hiroyuki Shinbo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6676-3463"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164495","display_name":"KDDI Research (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/05qsqt662","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hiroyuki Shinbo","raw_affiliation_strings":["KDDI Resarch, Inc.,Saitama,Japan","KDDI Resarch, Inc., Saitama, Japan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KDDI Resarch, Inc.,Saitama,Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"KDDI Resarch, Inc., Saitama, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164495"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7174457311630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.617192268371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-access-network","display_name":"Radio access network","score":0.608017086982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.5622938871383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.551226019859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wi-fi","display_name":"Wi-Fi","score":0.5411846041679382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.43213874101638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-resource-management","display_name":"Radio resource management","score":0.41336801648139954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4008125960826874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1719001829624176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-station","display_name":"Mobile station","score":0.0735013484954834}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7174457311630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.617192268371582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106365562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3078360","display_name":"Radio access network","level":4,"score":0.608017086982727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.5622938871383667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.551226019859314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C508800617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q29643","display_name":"Wi-Fi","level":4,"score":0.5411846041679382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.43213874101638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182448111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7281197","display_name":"Radio resource management","level":4,"score":0.41336801648139954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4008125960826874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1719001829624176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.0735013484954834}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/noms54207.2022.9789869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/noms54207.2022.9789869","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363605650","display_name":"NOMS 2022-2022 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"NOMS 2022-2022 IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335839","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1540562499","https://openalex.org/W2513616575","https://openalex.org/W2592341259","https://openalex.org/W2765553173","https://openalex.org/W2770606349","https://openalex.org/W2963652759","https://openalex.org/W2964050245","https://openalex.org/W2965123227","https://openalex.org/W2974046131","https://openalex.org/W3028002358","https://openalex.org/W3091365446","https://openalex.org/W3126686235","https://openalex.org/W3127524208","https://openalex.org/W3135916474","https://openalex.org/W3162401526","https://openalex.org/W3215327823"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4200445394","https://openalex.org/W2786634913","https://openalex.org/W2912086750","https://openalex.org/W2372438076","https://openalex.org/W2132921191","https://openalex.org/W4391260709","https://openalex.org/W2037910509","https://openalex.org/W2385914013","https://openalex.org/W2386112263","https://openalex.org/W2470545533"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"authors":[1],"have":[2],"been":[3],"studying":[4],"a":[5,28,62,68,114,165],"user-centric":[6,59],"radio":[7,127,204],"access":[8,37,84],"network":[9],"(RAN)":[10],"towards":[11],"the":[12,72,80,89,94,97,104,123,135,152,155,175,185,193,209],"realization":[13],"of":[14,82,137],"homogeneous":[15,148],"wireless":[16,73,90,149,195],"quality":[17,74,150,196],"\"anywhere":[18],"anytime\"":[19],"by":[20,67,199],"introducing":[21],"Cell-free":[22],"massive":[23],"MIMO":[24],"(CF-mMIMO)":[25],"technology.":[26],"Assuming":[27],"double-star":[29],"network,":[30],"which":[31,43,87],"is":[32,139],"frequently":[33],"seen":[34],"in":[35],"optical":[36],"networks,":[38],"central":[39,51,95,105,124,176,210],"processing":[40],"units":[41],"(CPUs)":[42],"process":[44],"CF-mMIMO":[45],"signals":[46,128],"will":[47,110],"be":[48,111,144],"deployed":[49,172],"at":[50,174],"and":[52,96,107,178,197,203,211],"edge":[53,98,108,179,212],"sites.":[54,99,180,213],"Due":[55],"to":[56,113,122,143,146,192,208],"this":[57,161],"configuration,":[58],"RAN":[60],"has":[61],"unique":[63],"characteristic":[64],"not":[65],"shared":[66],"conventional":[69],"RAN;":[70],"i.e.,":[71],"varies":[75],"with":[76],"CPU":[77,166],"placement,":[78],"because":[79,126],"number":[81],"available":[83],"points":[85],"(APs),":[86],"affects":[88],"quality,":[91],"differs":[92],"between":[93,103],"However,":[100],"transport":[101,156],"links":[102,157],"sites":[106,109],"subject":[112],"heavy":[115],"load":[116,153],"when":[117],"all":[118],"APs":[119],"are":[120,129,171],"connected":[121],"site,":[125],"transferred":[130],"over":[131],"them.":[132],"That":[133],"is,":[134],"placement":[136,167,187,202],"CPUs":[138,170],"an":[140],"important":[141],"problem":[142],"solved":[145],"realize":[147],"taking":[151],"on":[154],"into":[158],"account.":[159],"In":[160],"paper,":[162],"we":[163],"propose":[164],"configuration":[168,188],"where":[169],"both":[173],"site":[177],"Numerical":[181],"simulation":[182],"shows":[183],"that":[184],"proposed":[186],"can":[189],"flexibly":[190],"adapt":[191],"achieved":[194],"throughput":[198],"changing":[200],"vCPU":[201],"band":[205],"width":[206],"allocation":[207]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
