{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2109694028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nlpke.2009.5313770","title":"An ontology-based question answering method with the use of textual entailment","display_name":"An ontology-based question answering method with the use of textual entailment","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2109694028","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nlpke.2009.5313770","mag":"2109694028"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/nlpke.2009.5313770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nlpke.2009.5313770","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079151956","display_name":"Shiyan Ou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8617-6987"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I881766915","display_name":"Nanjing University","ror":"https://ror.org/01rxvg760","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119664326","display_name":"University of Wolverhampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01k2y1055","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shiyan Ou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","Research Group in Computational Linguistics, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Management, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I881766915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group in Computational Linguistics, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050714594","display_name":"Dalila Mekhaldi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119664326","display_name":"University of Wolverhampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01k2y1055","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dalila Mekhaldi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group in Computational Linguistics, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group in Computational Linguistics, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079066886","display_name":"Constantin Or\u01cesan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2067-8890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I119664326","display_name":"University of Wolverhampton","ror":"https://ror.org/01k2y1055","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Constantin Orasan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Group in Computational Linguistics, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Group in Computational Linguistics, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119664326"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079151956"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I119664326","https://openalex.org/I881766915"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8724,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80432226,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10215","display_name":"Semantic Web and Ontologies","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7991392612457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logical-consequence","display_name":"Logical consequence","score":0.7536963224411011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.7498342394828796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ontology","display_name":"Ontology","score":0.7442445158958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparql","display_name":"SPARQL","score":0.734201967716217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.7252708077430725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/textual-entailment","display_name":"Textual entailment","score":0.6468178033828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.5652874708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.542669415473938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.5157921314239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/task","display_name":"Task (project management)","score":0.49843859672546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4127393364906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-web","display_name":"Semantic Web","score":0.27353858947753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rdf","display_name":"RDF","score":0.21111556887626648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07968029379844666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.07038185000419617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7991392612457275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134752490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q374182","display_name":"Logical consequence","level":2,"score":0.7536963224411011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.7498342394828796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25810664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44325","display_name":"Ontology","level":2,"score":0.7442445158958435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41009113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54871","display_name":"SPARQL","level":4,"score":0.734201967716217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.7252708077430725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95318506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6588467","display_name":"Textual entailment","level":3,"score":0.6468178033828735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.5652874708175659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.542669415473938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5157921314239502},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.49843859672546387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4127393364906311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2129575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54837","display_name":"Semantic Web","level":2,"score":0.27353858947753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147497476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q54872","display_name":"RDF","level":3,"score":0.21111556887626648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07968029379844666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.07038185000419617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/nlpke.2009.5313770","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nlpke.2009.5313770","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2009 International Conference on Natural Language Processing and Knowledge Engineering","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6899999976158142}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W13779650","https://openalex.org/W44349882","https://openalex.org/W137514618","https://openalex.org/W1501207237","https://openalex.org/W1528193223","https://openalex.org/W1570448133","https://openalex.org/W1593009047","https://openalex.org/W1837403136","https://openalex.org/W1971714853","https://openalex.org/W2043243772","https://openalex.org/W2106121453","https://openalex.org/W2112644606","https://openalex.org/W2148527697","https://openalex.org/W2154268919","https://openalex.org/W2164155814","https://openalex.org/W2165055607","https://openalex.org/W6600553411","https://openalex.org/W6601828029","https://openalex.org/W6605580453","https://openalex.org/W6631565021","https://openalex.org/W6676850029","https://openalex.org/W6681832707","https://openalex.org/W6684205852"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2169644218","https://openalex.org/W12963412","https://openalex.org/W2250460949","https://openalex.org/W3158371345","https://openalex.org/W3141423438","https://openalex.org/W2071098659","https://openalex.org/W2627035043","https://openalex.org/W4385571113","https://openalex.org/W4200417912","https://openalex.org/W1893429831"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,20,32,64,75,132],"new":[4],"method":[5],"for":[6,42,56,78],"ontology-based":[7],"Question":[8],"Answering":[9],"(QA)":[10],"with":[11,36,97,131],"the":[12,46,52,57,80,93,98,110,113,117,123,138],"use":[13],"of":[14,22,54,100,112,122],"textual":[15],"entailment.":[16],"In":[17],"this":[18],"method,":[19,115],"set":[21],"question":[23,59,66,101],"patterns,":[24],"called":[25],"hypothesis":[26,58,95],"questions,":[27],"was":[28,49,61,89,105],"automatically":[29],"produced":[30],"from":[31,82],"domain":[33,139],"ontology,":[34],"along":[35],"their":[37],"corresponding":[38,70],"SPARQL":[39],"query":[40,71,77],"templates":[41],"answer":[43],"retrieval.":[44],"Then":[45],"QA":[47,114],"task":[48],"reduced":[50],"to":[51,73,91,108],"problem":[53],"looking":[55],"that":[60,120],"entailed":[62,94],"by":[63,137],"user":[65,124],"and":[67,116],"taking":[68],"its":[69],"template":[72],"produce":[74],"complete":[76],"retrieving":[79],"answers":[81],"underlying":[83],"knowledge":[84],"bases.":[85],"An":[86,103],"entailment":[87,134],"engine":[88,135],"used":[90],"discover":[92],"questions":[96,125],"help":[99],"classification.":[102],"evaluation":[104],"carried":[106],"out":[107],"assess":[109],"accuracy":[111],"results":[118],"revealed":[119],"most":[121],"(65%)":[126],"can":[127],"be":[128],"correctly":[129],"answered":[130],"semantic":[133],"enhanced":[136],"ontology.":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}