{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4309228621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/niles56402.2022.9942390","title":"Organic Binding Materials in Cotton Waste","display_name":"Organic Binding Materials in Cotton Waste","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-10-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4309228621","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/niles56402.2022.9942390"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/niles56402.2022.9942390","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/niles56402.2022.9942390","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 4th Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference (NILES)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079107485","display_name":"Irene S. Fahim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9940-5208"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57629906","display_name":"Nile University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cg7cp61","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irene S Fahim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Industrial and Service Engineering and Management, SESC, Nile University,Giza,Egypt","School of Industrial and Service Engineering and Management, SESC, Nile University, Giza, Egypt","Smart Engineering Systems Research Center, Nile University, Giza, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Service Engineering and Management, SESC, Nile University,Giza,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Industrial and Service Engineering and Management, SESC, Nile University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Engineering Systems Research Center, Nile University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032550325","display_name":"Hani Chbib","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57629906","display_name":"Nile University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cg7cp61","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hani Chbib","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management of Technology, Nile University,Giza,Egypt","School of Management of Technology, Nile University, Giza, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management of Technology, Nile University,Giza,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management of Technology, Nile University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042592659","display_name":"Yasmin Elhakim","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57629906","display_name":"Nile University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cg7cp61","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80693520","display_name":"American University in Cairo","ror":"https://ror.org/0176yqn58","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yasmin Elhakim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Engineering Systems Research Center, Nile University,Giza,Egypt","Construction Engineering Department, The American University in Cairo, Egypt","Smart Engineering Systems Research Center, Nile University, Giza, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Engineering Systems Research Center, Nile University,Giza,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Construction Engineering Department, The American University in Cairo, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80693520"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Engineering Systems Research Center, Nile University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011077451","display_name":"Salma Shabrawy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57629906","display_name":"Nile University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cg7cp61","country_code":"EG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salma Shabrawy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Smart Engineering Systems Research Center, Nile University,Giza,Egypt","Smart Engineering Systems Research Center, Nile University, Giza, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Engineering Systems Research Center, Nile University,Giza,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Smart Engineering Systems Research Center, Nile University, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57629906"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070776552","display_name":"Mona Azouz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2171-8341"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114709","display_name":"Housing and Building National Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03562m240","country_code":"EG","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114709"]}],"countries":["EG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mona Azouz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rousing and Building National Research Center,Department of Architecture,Giza,Egypt","Department of Architecture, Rousing and Building National Research Center, Giza, Egypt"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rousing and Building National Research Center,Department of Architecture,Giza,Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114709"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Architecture, Rousing and Building National Research Center, Giza, Egypt","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114709"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.5078,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93982808,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":null,"first_page":"243","last_page":"247"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10513","display_name":"Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10513","display_name":"Natural Fiber Reinforced Composites","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12665","display_name":"Bamboo properties and applications","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11208","display_name":"Lignin and Wood Chemistry","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/raw-material","display_name":"Raw material","score":0.560979962348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-materials","display_name":"Natural materials","score":0.5176154375076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmentally-friendly","display_name":"Environmentally friendly","score":0.5168033838272095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineered-wood","display_name":"Engineered wood","score":0.5094371438026428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-management","display_name":"Waste management","score":0.495508074760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.48797959089279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lignin","display_name":"Lignin","score":0.45276159048080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulp-and-paper-industry","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","score":0.44054117798805237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemical-engineering","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","score":0.42672210931777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cunninghamia","display_name":"Cunninghamia","score":0.41394534707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.35225313901901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1998852789402008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.14431220293045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polymer-science","display_name":"Polymer science","score":0.13734939694404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.12348303198814392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.09659361839294434}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.560979962348938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993522384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3405827","display_name":"Natural materials","level":2,"score":0.5176154375076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171534860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655870","display_name":"Environmentally friendly","level":2,"score":0.5168033838272095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C504595227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1317763","display_name":"Engineered wood","level":2,"score":0.5094371438026428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.495508074760437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.48797959089279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781052789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184817","display_name":"Lignin","level":2,"score":0.45276159048080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C528095902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2283886","display_name":"Pulp and paper industry","level":1,"score":0.44054117798805237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183696295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2487696","display_name":"Biochemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.42672210931777954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777413377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13056610","display_name":"Cunninghamia","level":2,"score":0.41394534707069397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.35225313901901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1998852789402008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.14431220293045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126348684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3456979","display_name":"Polymer science","level":1,"score":0.13734939694404602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.12348303198814392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.09659361839294434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/niles56402.2022.9942390","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/niles56402.2022.9942390","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 4th Novel Intelligent and Leading Emerging Sciences Conference (NILES)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.699999988079071,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973623904","https://openalex.org/W1996039035","https://openalex.org/W2012088834","https://openalex.org/W2077277130","https://openalex.org/W2083765396","https://openalex.org/W2092167793","https://openalex.org/W2111061347","https://openalex.org/W2151203354","https://openalex.org/W2284127495","https://openalex.org/W2382968289","https://openalex.org/W2460592262","https://openalex.org/W2604653375","https://openalex.org/W2605570255","https://openalex.org/W2626617906","https://openalex.org/W2773591231","https://openalex.org/W2773884364","https://openalex.org/W2780781350","https://openalex.org/W2792912503","https://openalex.org/W2799974636","https://openalex.org/W2893298103","https://openalex.org/W2905365204","https://openalex.org/W2906179696","https://openalex.org/W2921474111","https://openalex.org/W2922001417","https://openalex.org/W2930800227","https://openalex.org/W2935104258","https://openalex.org/W2940898351","https://openalex.org/W2945313849","https://openalex.org/W2956989921","https://openalex.org/W2965054408","https://openalex.org/W2972139834","https://openalex.org/W2973331951","https://openalex.org/W2974709342","https://openalex.org/W2987545985","https://openalex.org/W2991075311","https://openalex.org/W2999977348","https://openalex.org/W3010119153","https://openalex.org/W3010787109","https://openalex.org/W3014057228","https://openalex.org/W3042261779","https://openalex.org/W3044111100","https://openalex.org/W3088213951","https://openalex.org/W3095196774","https://openalex.org/W3109864744","https://openalex.org/W3127159734","https://openalex.org/W3207325769","https://openalex.org/W4200160086","https://openalex.org/W4234893103","https://openalex.org/W6780792786","https://openalex.org/W6948334142"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2371604879","https://openalex.org/W3110793836","https://openalex.org/W2348508181","https://openalex.org/W2377595215","https://openalex.org/W2363070274","https://openalex.org/W2350288191","https://openalex.org/W2375740442","https://openalex.org/W2350433920","https://openalex.org/W2977311739","https://openalex.org/W2060705266"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,237],"continued":[1],"logging":[2],"for":[3,131,134,185,248,268],"hardwood":[4],"in":[5,76,96,145,194,208],"subtropical":[6],"rainforests":[7],"is":[8,149,172,206,214],"causing":[9],"deforestation":[10],"and":[11,20,41,91,142,211,222,233,235,266,285],"the":[12,39,77,116,163,168,181,195,209,257,261,269,273,277],"destruction":[13],"of":[14,34,71,79,115,137,153,170,197,260,272],"diverse":[15],"environmental":[16],"ecosystems.":[17],"Synthetic":[18],"plastics":[19],"particle":[21,97],"boards":[22,98],"containing":[23],"synthetic":[24,94,132,217,249],"binders":[25,87,109,133,218,229,244,250],"such":[26,219,230,279],"as":[27,53,157,220,225,227,231,245,280],"formaldehydes":[28,95],"are":[29,36,74,110],"alternatives":[30,55,118],"to":[31,38,56,63,68,126,162,173,175,216],"hardwood,":[32],"both":[33],"which":[35],"harmful":[37],"environment":[40],"human":[42],"health.":[43],"To":[44,255],"eliminate":[45],"wood":[46,81,198,275],"logging,":[47],"various":[48,69,117],"biomaterials":[49],"could":[50,191],"be":[51,64,127,192,288],"used":[52,193],"promising":[54],"wooden":[57],"materials.":[58],"Cotton":[59],"have":[60,99],"been":[61,100,124],"shown":[62],"a":[65,128,135,151,158,166,246,252],"viable":[66],"alternative":[67,122,243],"types":[70],"wood.":[72],"Binders":[73],"essential":[75],"production":[78,196],"composite":[80],"from":[82,112,199,276],"cotton.":[83],"Natural,":[84],"environmentally":[85],"friendly":[86],"that":[88,120,190,240],"can":[89],"economically":[90],"technically":[92],"replace":[93],"sought":[101],"after":[102],"by":[103,179],"scientists.":[104],"Almost":[105],"all":[106],"identified":[107],"natural":[108,188,203,228],"derived":[111],"plants.":[113],"Comparison":[114],"reveals":[119],"neither":[121],"has":[123,251],"able":[125],"complete":[129],"substitute":[130],"variety":[136],"reasons,":[138],"including":[139],"thermal":[140],"stability":[141],"adhesive":[143],"strength":[144],"some":[146],"cases.":[147],"There":[148],"also":[150],"lack":[152],"research":[154,265],"into":[155],"glue":[156],"potential":[159],"alternative,":[160],"according":[161],"literature.":[164],"As":[165],"result,":[167],"goal":[169],"thisstudy":[171],"contribute":[174],"analyzing":[176],"this":[177],"gap":[178],"investigating":[180],"technological":[182],"readiness":[183],"level":[184],"an":[186],"animal-based":[187,242,262],"binder":[189,205],"cotton":[200],"stalks.":[201],"This":[202],"animal":[204],"fabricated":[207],"lab,":[210],"itseconomic":[212],"feasibility":[213,259],"compared":[215],"formaldehyde":[221],"ecofriendly":[223],"formaldehyde,":[224],"well":[226],"lignin":[232],"cardanol":[234],"tannin.":[236],"findings":[238],"indicate":[239],"using":[241],"replacement":[247],"high":[253],"potential.":[254],"confirm":[256],"technical":[258],"binder,":[263,278],"additional":[264],"tests":[267],"physical":[270],"characteristics":[271],"resulting":[274],"bonding":[281],"force,":[282],"bending":[283],"strength,":[284],"cohesion,":[286],"would":[287],"required.":[289]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}