{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405846104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nfv-sdn61811.2024.10807469","title":"Centralized RAN for LPWAN: Architecture and Proof-of-Concept Prototype Implementation","display_name":"Centralized RAN for LPWAN: Architecture and Proof-of-Concept Prototype Implementation","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405846104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nfv-sdn61811.2024.10807469"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/nfv-sdn61811.2024.10807469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nfv-sdn61811.2024.10807469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008948807","display_name":"Joachim Tapparel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0154-9738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Joachim Tapparel","raw_affiliation_strings":["École Polytechnique Fédéale de Lausanne (EPFL),Telecommunication Circuits Laboratory,Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"École Polytechnique Fédéale de Lausanne (EPFL),Telecommunication Circuits Laboratory,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059133771","display_name":"Andreas Burg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7270-5558"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreas Burg","raw_affiliation_strings":["École Polytechnique Fédéale de Lausanne (EPFL),Telecommunication Circuits Laboratory,Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"École Polytechnique Fédéale de Lausanne (EPFL),Telecommunication Circuits Laboratory,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008948807"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.2091,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.5555607,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9523000121116638,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.9523000121116638,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13382","display_name":"Robotics and Automated Systems","score":0.9394999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9276999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ran","display_name":"Ran","score":0.7401283383369446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lpwan","display_name":"LPWAN","score":0.7335413098335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6754132509231567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proof-of-concept","display_name":"Proof of concept","score":0.643728494644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.5634274482727051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4056388735771179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-architecture","display_name":"Computer architecture","score":0.357035368680954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.23794028162956238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wide-area-network","display_name":"Wide area network","score":0.10021919012069702}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160704184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18031028","display_name":"Ran","level":2,"score":0.7401283383369446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20706829","display_name":"LPWAN","level":3,"score":0.7335413098335266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6754132509231567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124978682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1201019","display_name":"Proof of concept","level":2,"score":0.643728494644165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5634274482727051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4056388735771179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118524514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173212","display_name":"Computer architecture","level":1,"score":0.357035368680954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.23794028162956238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776238582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11384","display_name":"Wide area network","level":2,"score":0.10021919012069702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/nfv-sdn61811.2024.10807469","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nfv-sdn61811.2024.10807469","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4099999964237213,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2101653184","https://openalex.org/W2805888251","https://openalex.org/W2952259884","https://openalex.org/W2964042011","https://openalex.org/W2982495621","https://openalex.org/W3047436287","https://openalex.org/W3092612703","https://openalex.org/W3134694428","https://openalex.org/W4388426839","https://openalex.org/W4393372687","https://openalex.org/W4402835352"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888892063","https://openalex.org/W2740439328","https://openalex.org/W3088070213","https://openalex.org/W2901309327","https://openalex.org/W3125356464","https://openalex.org/W2923934659","https://openalex.org/W2952763095","https://openalex.org/W2979151211","https://openalex.org/W2903243522","https://openalex.org/W2038503502"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Centralized":[0],"radio":[1],"access":[2],"networks":[3,42],"(C-RAN)":[4],"are":[5],"widely":[6],"recognized":[7],"as":[8,71],"an":[9],"enabling":[10],"technology":[11],"for":[12,47,67],"the":[13,23,61,65,87,96,114,119,124,131,137],"evolution":[14],"of":[15,50,52,89,98,113,123,136],"cellular":[16,30,68],"systems,":[17,69],"including":[18],"5G":[19],"and":[20,32,78,94,129,133],"beyond.":[21],"However,":[22],"concept":[24],"is":[25],"not":[26],"limited":[27],"to":[28],"3GPP":[29],"systems":[31],"licensed":[33],"frequency":[34],"bands.":[35],"In":[36,81],"recent":[37],"years,":[38],"unlicensed":[39,91],"low-power":[40],"wide-area":[41],"(LPWANs)":[43],"have":[44],"become":[45],"popular":[46,90,126],"a":[48,99,109],"variety":[49],"Internet":[51],"Things":[53],"(IoT)":[54],"applications.":[55],"Those":[56],"LPWANs":[57],"can":[58],"also":[59],"leverage":[60],"concepts":[62],"that":[63,102,117],"popularized":[64],"C-RAN":[66,100],"such":[70],"coordinated":[72],"multi":[73],"points":[74],"(CoMP),":[75],"cell-free":[76],"MIMO,":[77],"resources":[79],"virtualization.":[80],"this":[82],"paper,":[83],"we":[84],"first":[85],"identify":[86],"requirements":[88],"LPWAN":[92,127],"technologies":[93],"detail":[95],"components":[97],"architecture":[101,116],"meets":[103],"those":[104],"requirements.":[105],"We":[106],"then":[107],"present":[108],"proof-of-concept":[110],"prototype":[111],"implementation":[112],"proposed":[115],"supports":[118],"LoRa":[120],"modulation,":[121],"one":[122],"most":[125],"technologies,":[128],"evaluate":[130],"latency":[132],"processing":[134],"load":[135],"system.":[138]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-28T08:17:26.163206","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}