{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311925819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nfv-sdn56302.2022.9974904","title":"Enabling Cross-Technology Communication to Protect Vulnerable Road Users","display_name":"Enabling Cross-Technology Communication to Protect Vulnerable Road Users","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-11-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311925819","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nfv-sdn56302.2022.9974904"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/nfv-sdn56302.2022.9974904","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nfv-sdn56302.2022.9974904","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078950865","display_name":"Xhulio Limani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7721-410X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","display_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xhulio Limani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitá Politecnica delle Marche,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitá Politecnica delle Marche,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079722425","display_name":"Henrique Carvalho de Resende","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3852-0162"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Henrique Cesar Carvalho De Resende","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Antwerp - IMEC,Belgium","University of Antwerp - IMEC, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Antwerp - IMEC,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910","https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Antwerp - IMEC, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005808109","display_name":"Vincent Charpentier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1109-2177"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincent Charpentier","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Antwerp - IMEC,Belgium","University of Antwerp - IMEC, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Antwerp - IMEC,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910","https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Antwerp - IMEC, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013277995","display_name":"Johann M. M\u00e1rquez-Barja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5660-3597"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","display_name":"University of Antwerp","ror":"https://ror.org/008x57b05","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johann Marquez-Barja","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Antwerp - IMEC,Belgium","University of Antwerp - IMEC, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Antwerp - IMEC,Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910","https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Antwerp - IMEC, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026723057","display_name":"Roberto Riggio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8329-2779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","display_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Riggio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitá Politecnica delle Marche,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitá Politecnica delle Marche,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"39","last_page":"44"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10761","display_name":"Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs)","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.8405190706253052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.7548195123672485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.685150146484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safer","display_name":"SAFER","score":0.5683444738388062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-device","display_name":"Mobile device","score":0.558853030204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5414417386054993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5168910026550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enhanced-data-rates-for-gsm-evolution","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","score":0.5068617463111877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-transportation-system","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","score":0.46492505073547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/port","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","score":0.4296817481517792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.37888476252555847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.301550030708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.18890663981437683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1757812798023224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.13440391421318054}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.8405190706253052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.7548195123672485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.685150146484375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.5683444738388062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186967261","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5082128","display_name":"Mobile device","level":2,"score":0.558853030204773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5414417386054993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5168910026550293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.5068617463111877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47796450","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q508378","display_name":"Intelligent transportation system","level":2,"score":0.46492505073547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32802771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2443617","display_name":"Port (circuit theory)","level":2,"score":0.4296817481517792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.37888476252555847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.301550030708313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.18890663981437683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1757812798023224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.13440391421318054},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/nfv-sdn56302.2022.9974904","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nfv-sdn56302.2022.9974904","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 IEEE Conference on Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networks (NFV-SDN)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:c:irua:192544","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10067/1925440151162165141","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401849","display_name":"Institutional Repository University of Antwerp (University of Antwerp)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149213910","host_organization_name":"University of Antwerp","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149213910"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.univpm.it:11566/318411","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11566/318411","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402571","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche (Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","host_organization_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1967592907","https://openalex.org/W2059001131","https://openalex.org/W2106741819","https://openalex.org/W2139325423","https://openalex.org/W2512029490","https://openalex.org/W2765476103","https://openalex.org/W2929764025","https://openalex.org/W2959705217","https://openalex.org/W2988427533","https://openalex.org/W3019158065","https://openalex.org/W3101480813","https://openalex.org/W3110832980","https://openalex.org/W3138834408","https://openalex.org/W6770626627"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2883256816","https://openalex.org/W2953205341","https://openalex.org/W2171408034","https://openalex.org/W2092643327","https://openalex.org/W235065745","https://openalex.org/W2029935773","https://openalex.org/W3003320923","https://openalex.org/W2106140982","https://openalex.org/W2787754950","https://openalex.org/W4285498565"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Current":[0],"research":[1],"in":[2,83,107,118,215],"Cooperative":[3],"Intelligent":[4],"Trans-port":[5],"System":[6],"(C-ITS)":[7],"is":[8,40,67,114,162],"focusing":[9],"mostly":[10],"on":[11,27],"improving":[12],"the":[13,16,72,100,103,169,201,207,211],"performance":[14],"of":[15,75,102,146],"link":[17],"layer":[18],"technology":[19],"utilized":[20,163],"to":[21,29,43,69,126,130,134,164,168,176,179,200],"enable":[22],"communication":[23],"between":[24,149],"cars":[25],"or":[26,50,60,82],"methods":[28],"make":[30],"traffic":[31],"more":[32],"efficient":[33],"and,":[34],"most":[35],"important,":[36],"safer.":[37],"Less":[38],"attention":[39],"instead":[41],"devoted":[42],"non-motorized":[44],"road":[45,128],"users":[46,129],"such":[47,95,166],"as":[48,56,111,159],"pedestrians":[49],"cyclists":[51],"which":[52],"are":[53,77,97],"often":[54],"addressed":[55],"Vulnerable":[57],"Road":[58],"Users,":[59],"VRUs.":[61,135],"In":[62,136],"fact,":[63],"while":[64],"today":[65],"it":[66,120],"fair":[68],"assume":[70,93],"that":[71,94,119],"vast":[73],"majority":[74],"VRUs":[76],"equipped":[78],"with":[79,85,87,99],"a":[80,115],"smartphones":[81],"general":[84],"devices":[86,96,172],"wireless":[88],"connectivity,":[89],"we":[90,139],"cannot":[91],"also":[92,133],"compatible":[98],"variant":[101],"802.11":[104],"standard":[105,153],"employed":[106],"C-ITS":[108],"applications":[109],"known":[110,158],"802.11p.":[112],"This":[113],"significant":[116],"gap":[117],"prevents":[121],"critical":[122],"safety":[123],"services":[124],"available":[125],"vehicular":[127],"be":[131,177,186],"extended":[132],"this":[137],"paper":[138],"propose":[140],"an":[141],"edge":[142],"computing-based":[143],"approach":[144],"capable":[145],"enabling":[147],"interoperability":[148],"802.11p":[150],"networks":[151],"and":[152,193,205],"Wi-Fi":[154],"networks.":[155],"A":[156],"technique":[157],"Beacon":[160],"stuffing":[161],"forward":[165],"messages":[167],"VRU's":[170],"mobile":[171,191],"without":[173,195],"requiring":[174,196],"them":[175],"associated":[178],"any":[180,197],"network.":[181],"The":[182],"proposed":[183,208],"system":[184,209],"can":[185],"easily":[187],"integrated":[188],"into":[189],"off-the-shelf":[190],"phones":[192],"tablets":[194],"root":[198],"access":[199],"device.":[202],"We":[203],"prototype":[204],"test":[206],"over":[210],"Smart-highway":[212],"Testbed":[213],"deployed":[214],"Antwerp,":[216],"Belgium.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2023-01-02T00:00:00"}