{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4289926428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/newcas52662.2022.9842126","title":"A High Throughput True Random Number Generator using Metastability and Chaos","display_name":"A High Throughput True Random Number Generator using Metastability and Chaos","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4289926428","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/newcas52662.2022.9842126"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/newcas52662.2022.9842126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/newcas52662.2022.9842126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608492","display_name":"2022 20th IEEE Interregional NEWCAS Conference (NEWCAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 20th IEEE Interregional NEWCAS Conference (NEWCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053973394","display_name":"Haziq Rohail","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159012","display_name":"University College of Islamabad","ror":"https://ror.org/05bbns833","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210159012"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haziq Rohail","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pi Invent,Islamabad,Pakistan","Pi Invent, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pi Invent,Islamabad,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159012"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pi Invent, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053518937","display_name":"Rashad Ramzan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-565X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201384688","display_name":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/003eyb898","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashad Ramzan","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences(Fast-NU),Islamabad,Pakistan","National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences(Fast-NU), Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences(Fast-NU),Islamabad,Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences(Fast-NU), Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.177,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49620217,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"40","last_page":"44"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.9930999875068665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11697","display_name":"Numerical Methods and Algorithms","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chaos","display_name":"CHAOS (operating system)","score":0.8252381086349487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.764296293258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metastability","display_name":"Metastability","score":0.7493898272514343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-number-generation","display_name":"Random number generation","score":0.724104642868042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.596513032913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.5480454564094543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-physics","display_name":"Statistical physics","score":0.4415965676307678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3562808632850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.2803088426589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.24150636792182922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.23224413394927979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.11971673369407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11433559656143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11091622710227966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermodynamics","display_name":"Thermodynamics","score":0.07559525966644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.07220020890235901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.07028496265411377}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779374083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5011038","display_name":"CHAOS (operating system)","level":2,"score":0.8252381086349487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.764296293258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89464430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849516","display_name":"Metastability","level":2,"score":0.7493898272514343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201866948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228206","display_name":"Random number generation","level":2,"score":0.724104642868042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.596513032913208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.5480454564094543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.4415965676307678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3562808632850647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2803088426589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.24150636792182922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.23224413394927979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.11971673369407654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11433559656143188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11091622710227966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.07559525966644287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.07220020890235901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.07028496265411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/newcas52662.2022.9842126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/newcas52662.2022.9842126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608492","display_name":"2022 20th IEEE Interregional NEWCAS Conference (NEWCAS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2022 20th IEEE Interregional NEWCAS Conference (NEWCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8899999856948853,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":20,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1503328450","https://openalex.org/W1868304350","https://openalex.org/W1970099061","https://openalex.org/W2010205010","https://openalex.org/W2099751310","https://openalex.org/W2111264486","https://openalex.org/W2148568726","https://openalex.org/W2149404985","https://openalex.org/W2357582783","https://openalex.org/W2401371495","https://openalex.org/W2521908553","https://openalex.org/W2898782216","https://openalex.org/W2913923238","https://openalex.org/W2943432184","https://openalex.org/W2996232372","https://openalex.org/W3093746235","https://openalex.org/W3151438815","https://openalex.org/W6682400776","https://openalex.org/W6706437497","https://openalex.org/W6757957308"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4307107610","https://openalex.org/W3213627526","https://openalex.org/W4226159838","https://openalex.org/W3138976155","https://openalex.org/W1992748572","https://openalex.org/W3102066851","https://openalex.org/W2082939555","https://openalex.org/W2790243943","https://openalex.org/W1819940747","https://openalex.org/W4301685461"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,133],"True":[1],"Random":[2],"Number":[3],"Generator":[4],"based":[5],"on":[6],"a":[7,34,45,98,143,169],"differential":[8,35,117],"ring":[9,29,89,136],"oscillator":[10,30,124,137],"with":[11,44,130,168],"two":[12,18,40,116,127],"different":[13,19,131],"signal":[14,128],"paths,":[15],"that":[16,38],"uses":[17,39],"entropy":[20,82,106],"sources,":[21],"i.e.,":[22],"metastability":[23],"and":[24,63,140,175],"chaos,":[25],"is":[26,31,92],"presented.":[27],"The":[28,147],"made":[32],"from":[33],"delay":[36,57,113],"cell":[37,58,114,135],"transmission":[41],"gates":[42],"along":[43],"base":[46],"transistor":[47],"to":[48,75,125,165],"pull":[49],"itself":[50],"into":[51],"the":[52,56,60,65,68,80,85,88,95,104,109,112,123,154],"metastable":[53,61],"mode.":[54],"When":[55],"leaves":[59],"mode":[62],"enters":[64],"oscillation":[66,86],"mode,":[67,87],"circuit\u2019s":[69],"noise":[70],"causes":[71],"its":[72],"initial":[73],"phase":[74],"be":[76],"random,":[77],"acting":[78],"as":[79,103],"first":[81],"source.":[83,107],"During":[84],"oscillator\u2019s":[90],"frequency":[91],"controlled":[93],"using":[94],"output":[96],"of":[97,153,172,177],"chaotic":[99],"circuit,":[100],"which":[101,121],"acts":[102],"second":[105],"For":[108],"said":[110],"purpose,":[111],"has":[115],"pairs":[118],"for":[119],"input,":[120],"allows":[122],"have":[126],"paths":[129],"delays.":[132],"3/5":[134],"was":[138],"designed":[139],"simulated":[141],"in":[142],"65nm":[144],"CMOS":[145],"process.":[146],"proposed":[148],"TRNG":[149],"passes":[150],"all":[151],"15":[152],"NIST\u2019s":[155],"statistical":[156],"tests":[157],"without":[158],"post-processing":[159],"while":[160],"generating":[161],"random":[162],"numbers":[163],"up":[164],"4":[166],"Gbps":[167],"power":[170],"consumption":[171],"10.4":[173],"mW":[174],"efficiency":[176],"2.575":[178],"pJ/bit.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}