{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1486126409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/newcas.2015.7182071","title":"Sub-picoampere, 7-decade current to frequency converter for current sensing","display_name":"Sub-picoampere, 7-decade current to frequency converter for current sensing","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1486126409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/newcas.2015.7182071","mag":"1486126409"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/newcas.2015.7182071","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/newcas.2015.7182071","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 13th International New Circuits and Systems Conference (NEWCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068483687","display_name":"Evgenia Voulgari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-6206"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","display_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01ggx4157","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Evgenia Voulgari","raw_affiliation_strings":["CERN, Geneva, Switzerland","EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CERN, Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107277042","display_name":"M. Noy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","display_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01ggx4157","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew Noy","raw_affiliation_strings":["CERN, Geneva, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CERN, Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104669994","display_name":"Francis Anghinolfi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","display_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01ggx4157","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francis Anghinolfi","raw_affiliation_strings":["CERN, Geneva, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CERN, Geneva, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069265488","display_name":"F. Krummenacher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7058-6893"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francois Krummenacher","raw_affiliation_strings":["EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037002764","display_name":"Maher Kayal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5962-174X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5124864","display_name":"\u00c9cole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne","ror":"https://ror.org/02s376052","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maher Kayal","raw_affiliation_strings":["EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068483687"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5124864","https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7081,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69602772,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"586","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11044","display_name":"Particle Detector Development and Performance","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-specific-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","score":0.7643380761146545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/current","display_name":"Current (fluid)","score":0.7312719225883484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.589425802230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5729418992996216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-hadron-collider","display_name":"Large Hadron Collider","score":0.5017061233520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4266376793384552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4069254994392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3170833885669708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77390884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217302","display_name":"Application-specific integrated circuit","level":2,"score":0.7643380761146545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.7312719225883484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.589425802230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5729418992996216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87668248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40605","display_name":"Large Hadron Collider","level":2,"score":0.5017061233520508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4266376793384552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4069254994392395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3170833885669708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/newcas.2015.7182071","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/newcas.2015.7182071","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE 13th International New Circuits and Systems Conference (NEWCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6200000047683716}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1650310283","https://openalex.org/W1992326813","https://openalex.org/W1994591045","https://openalex.org/W2057535650","https://openalex.org/W2152323008","https://openalex.org/W2164336183","https://openalex.org/W2171296798","https://openalex.org/W2173466780"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2919860591","https://openalex.org/W2031643159","https://openalex.org/W4382984329","https://openalex.org/W2895132917","https://openalex.org/W2165367082","https://openalex.org/W188003848","https://openalex.org/W1972641423","https://openalex.org/W3027795944","https://openalex.org/W2612141805"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"Application":[1],"Specific":[2],"Integrated":[3],"Circuit":[4],"(ASIC)":[5],"has":[6,58],"been":[7,73,92],"designed":[8],"in":[9,18,33,75],"order":[10,76],"to":[11,29,53,77],"demonstrate":[12],"the":[13,16,31,34,48,79],"limitations":[14],"and":[15,57],"challenges":[17],"ultralow":[19],"current":[20,83],"sensing.":[21],"The":[22],"Utopia":[23],"(Ultralow":[24],"Picoammeter)":[25],"ASIC":[26],"is":[27,45],"foreseen":[28],"be":[30],"front-end":[32],"new":[35],"radiation":[36],"measurement":[37],"system":[38],"for":[39],"personnel":[40],"safety":[41],"at":[42],"CERN.":[43],"It":[44],"based":[46],"on":[47],"topology":[49],"of":[50,63],"a":[51,59],"Current":[52],"Frequency":[54],"Converter":[55],"(CFC)":[56],"wide":[60],"dynamic":[61],"range":[62,67],"7":[64],"decades":[65],"without":[66],"changing.":[68],"Four":[69],"different":[70],"channels":[71],"have":[72,91],"implemented":[74],"evaluate":[78],"limits":[80],"regarding":[81],"sub-picoampere":[82],"measurements.":[84],"Test":[85],"currents":[86],"starting":[87],"from":[88],"-50":[89],"fA":[90],"measured.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}