{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2969997522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/netsoft.2019.8806705","title":"On Monolithic and Microservice Deployment of Network Functions","display_name":"On Monolithic and Microservice Deployment of Network Functions","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2969997522","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/netsoft.2019.8806705","mag":"2969997522"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/netsoft.2019.8806705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/netsoft.2019.8806705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2643014","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033629856","display_name":"Sachin Sharma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8358-2258"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347220","display_name":"NEC (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04jndar25","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sachin Sharma","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEC Laboratories Europe, Heidelberg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEC Laboratories Europe, Heidelberg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067784980","display_name":"Navdeep Uniyal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2237-0021"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118347220","display_name":"NEC (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/04jndar25","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Navdeep Uniyal","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEC Laboratories Europe, Heidelberg"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEC Laboratories Europe, Heidelberg","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118347220"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068603805","display_name":"Besmir Tola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2934-6593"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165875","display_name":"NTNU Samfunnsforskning","ror":"https://ror.org/05pv30e80","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165875"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Besmir Tola","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTNU, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTNU, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165875"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108054662","display_name":"Yuming Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9495-0888"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165875","display_name":"NTNU Samfunnsforskning","ror":"https://ror.org/05pv30e80","country_code":"NO","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165875"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuming Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["NTNU, Norway"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NTNU, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165875"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"387","last_page":"395"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microservices","display_name":"Microservices","score":0.8519876003265381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7716889381408691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.7711201906204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.4917815029621124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.48786306381225586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.48474904894828796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/networking-hardware","display_name":"Networking hardware","score":0.45856133103370667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtualization","display_name":"Virtualization","score":0.4447680115699768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.44376426935195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/failover","display_name":"Failover","score":0.419585257768631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.2893527150154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.23542636632919312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778505942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18344624","display_name":"Microservices","level":3,"score":0.8519876003265381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7716889381408691},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.7711201906204224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.4917815029621124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.48786306381225586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.48474904894828796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159631557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1546066","display_name":"Networking hardware","level":2,"score":0.45856133103370667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513985346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q270471","display_name":"Virtualization","level":3,"score":0.4447680115699768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.44376426935195923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109751979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q998767","display_name":"Failover","level":2,"score":0.419585257768631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.2893527150154114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.23542636632919312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/netsoft.2019.8806705","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/netsoft.2019.8806705","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization (NetSoft)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2643014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2643014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"387-395","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:publications/8e0573cb-1201-4e45-8cd2-7c2ab3f33722","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1983/8e0573cb-1201-4e45-8cd2-7c2ab3f33722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Sharma, S, Uniyal, N, Tola, B & Jiang, Y 2019, On Monolithic and Microservice deployment of Network Functions. in 2019 IEEE Conference on Network Softwarization and Workshops (NetSoft). https://doi.org/10.1109/NETSOFT.2019.8806705","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:publications/8e0573cb-1201-4e45-8cd2-7c2ab3f33722","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/8e0573cb-1201-4e45-8cd2-7c2ab3f33722","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:trap.ncirl.ie:4072","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://trap.ncirl.ie/4072/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400345","display_name":"TRAP@NCI (National College of Ireland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I104546213","host_organization_name":"National College of Ireland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I104546213"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Conference or Workshop Item"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/2643014","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2643014","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"387-395","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/bookPart"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6399999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2288746125","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EP/P003974/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1579131914","https://openalex.org/W1992580876","https://openalex.org/W2066089879","https://openalex.org/W2089194229","https://openalex.org/W2144127235","https://openalex.org/W2170188217","https://openalex.org/W2296335794","https://openalex.org/W2322013807","https://openalex.org/W2465005408","https://openalex.org/W2498885363","https://openalex.org/W2579461576","https://openalex.org/W2593984751","https://openalex.org/W2605947451","https://openalex.org/W2614311976","https://openalex.org/W2637815497","https://openalex.org/W2727651527","https://openalex.org/W2742759325","https://openalex.org/W2744438043","https://openalex.org/W2744780697","https://openalex.org/W2766192142","https://openalex.org/W2779192624","https://openalex.org/W2787027464","https://openalex.org/W2917571405","https://openalex.org/W2962946517","https://openalex.org/W2963026732","https://openalex.org/W4244787281","https://openalex.org/W4298200086","https://openalex.org/W6697144307","https://openalex.org/W6732133682"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210334847","https://openalex.org/W3181741639","https://openalex.org/W4367181468","https://openalex.org/W2953155972","https://openalex.org/W4205400272","https://openalex.org/W4282043954","https://openalex.org/W2950180613","https://openalex.org/W4391087495","https://openalex.org/W4377082694","https://openalex.org/W2038529914"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Network":[0],"Function":[1],"Virtualization":[2],"(NFV)":[3],"has":[4],"recently":[5],"attracted":[6],"telecom":[7],"operators":[8],"to":[9,18,46,57,111,165,192],"migrate":[10],"network":[11,61,102,134],"functionalities":[12],"from":[13,54],"expensive":[14],"bespoke":[15],"hardware":[16],"systems":[17],"virtualized":[19],"IT":[20],"infrastructures":[21],"where":[22],"they":[23],"are":[24,36,124,163],"deployed":[25],"as":[26,144],"software":[27],"components.":[28],"Scalability,":[29],"up-gradation,":[30],"fault":[31],"tolerance":[32],"and":[33,66,83,119,137,140,159,162],"simplified":[34],"testing":[35],"important":[37],"challenges":[38],"in":[39,99,109,182],"the":[40,64,74,91,113,155,167,170,177,184],"field":[41],"of":[42,76,93,95,142,157,169,179,186],"NFV.":[43],"In":[44,69,87],"order":[45,110],"overcome":[47],"these":[48],"challenges,":[49],"there":[50],"is":[51,127],"significant":[52],"interest":[53],"research":[55],"communities":[56],"scale":[58],"or":[59,97,107,115,189],"decompose":[60],"functions":[62],"using":[63,79,130],"monolithic":[65],"microservice":[67,160],"approach.":[68],"this":[70],"paper,":[71],"we":[72,89],"compare":[73,154],"performance":[75,156],"both":[77],"approaches":[78,161],"an":[80,131],"analytic":[81,171],"model":[82],"implementing":[84],"test-bed":[85],"experiments.":[86],"addition,":[88],"calculate":[90],"number":[92,185],"instances":[94,187],"monoliths":[96,139],"microservices":[98,141],"which":[100],"a":[101],"function":[103],"could":[104],"be":[105],"scaled":[106],"decomposed":[108],"get":[112],"maximum":[114],"required":[116,191],"performance.":[117,194],"Single":[118],"multiple":[120],"CPU":[121],"core":[122],"scenarios":[123],"considered.":[125],"Experimentation":[126],"performed":[128],"by":[129],"open":[132],"source":[133],"function,":[135],"SNORT":[136,143],"running":[138],"Docker":[145],"containers":[146],"on":[147],"bare":[148],"metal":[149],"machines.":[150],"The":[151,173],"experimental":[152],"results":[153,174],"monolith":[158],"used":[164],"estimate":[166],"validity":[168],"model.":[172],"also":[175],"show":[176],"effectiveness":[178],"our":[180],"approach":[181],"finding":[183],"(monoliths":[188],"microservices)":[190],"maximize":[193]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}