{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377089377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123855","title":"Variability in Depolarization Sensitivity Underlies Differential Responses to High-frequency Stimulation of ON and OFF RGCs","display_name":"Variability in Depolarization Sensitivity Underlies Differential Responses to High-frequency Stimulation of ON and OFF RGCs","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377089377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123855"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123855","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123855","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 11th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031528045","display_name":"Jae-Ik Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9006-3405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jae-Ik Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School,Department of Neurosurgery,Boston,MA,USA","Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School,Department of Neurosurgery,Boston,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078126832","display_name":"Paul Werginz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3441-3167"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145847075","display_name":"TU Wien","ror":"https://ror.org/04d836q62","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]}],"countries":["AT","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Werginz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School,Department of Neurosurgery,Boston,MA,USA","Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School,Department of Neurosurgery,Boston,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Analysis and Scientific Computing, Vienna University of Technology, Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145847075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042894524","display_name":"Shelley I. Fried","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6456-8656"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087915","display_name":"Massachusetts General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/002pd6e78","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801671727","display_name":"VA Boston Healthcare System","ror":"https://ror.org/04v00sg98","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322918889","https://openalex.org/I2799886695","https://openalex.org/I2801671727","https://openalex.org/I4210095851"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shelley I. Fried","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School,Department of Neurosurgery,Boston,MA,USA","Boston VA Healthcare System Rehabilitation, Research and Development, Boston, MA, USA","Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School,Department of Neurosurgery,Boston,MA,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston VA Healthcare System Rehabilitation, Research and Development, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801671727"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087915","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031528045"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984","https://openalex.org/I4210087915"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1538,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.44783635,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"37","issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depolarization","display_name":"Depolarization","score":0.9235113263130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.7689433097839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.7434187531471252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulus","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","score":0.6787019968032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retina","display_name":"Retina","score":0.5937008261680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/membrane-potential","display_name":"Membrane potential","score":0.5793548226356506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal","display_name":"Retinal","score":0.5655530095100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biophysics","display_name":"Biophysics","score":0.5206843614578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperpolarization","display_name":"Hyperpolarization (physics)","score":0.5130063891410828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal-implant","display_name":"Retinal implant","score":0.4787518382072449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.4758172631263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-prosthesis","display_name":"Visual prosthesis","score":0.4509711265563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrophysiology","display_name":"Electrophysiology","score":0.44073933362960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.30943113565444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.17246374487876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biochemistry","display_name":"Biochemistry","score":0.07982933521270752}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4141045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83183","display_name":"Depolarization","level":2,"score":0.9235113263130188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.7689433097839355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.7434187531471252},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779918689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3771842","display_name":"Stimulus (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6787019968032837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777093970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q169342","display_name":"Retina","level":2,"score":0.5937008261680603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181911157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389844","display_name":"Membrane potential","level":2,"score":0.5793548226356506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.5655530095100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.5206843614578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131453863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1641079","display_name":"Hyperpolarization (physics)","level":3,"score":0.5130063891410828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158383150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3149439","display_name":"Retinal implant","level":3,"score":0.4787518382072449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4758172631263733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778560042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q540043","display_name":"Visual prosthesis","level":3,"score":0.4509711265563965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185263204","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154774","display_name":"Electrophysiology","level":2,"score":0.44073933362960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.30943113565444946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.17246374487876892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.07982933521270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66974803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10359898","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123855","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123855","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 11th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1531794799","https://openalex.org/W1965445573","https://openalex.org/W1969768092","https://openalex.org/W1974423604","https://openalex.org/W1986756553","https://openalex.org/W2007409841","https://openalex.org/W2047141148","https://openalex.org/W2048505879","https://openalex.org/W2051185231","https://openalex.org/W2080100407","https://openalex.org/W2109006034","https://openalex.org/W2155668458","https://openalex.org/W2174781702","https://openalex.org/W3006860701","https://openalex.org/W3081800908","https://openalex.org/W4296436262","https://openalex.org/W4308342994","https://openalex.org/W6631887779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060662231","https://openalex.org/W2131436118","https://openalex.org/W1988351503","https://openalex.org/W2414906792","https://openalex.org/W2076763519","https://openalex.org/W2089210777","https://openalex.org/W2355308038","https://openalex.org/W2040017670","https://openalex.org/W2145737282","https://openalex.org/W2378890859"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Retinal":[0],"prostheses":[1],"aim":[2],"to":[3,6,33,35,41,71,108,123,141,224],"restore":[4],"vision":[5,17],"patients":[7],"with":[8,127],"outer":[9],"retinal":[10,62,230],"degeneration,":[11],"but":[12,197],"the":[13,24,39,43,52,55,92,112,128,136,151,214],"quality":[14],"of":[15,23,58,61,84,95,121,138,144,182,191,199,213],"restored":[16],"is":[18,69,222],"still":[19],"far":[20],"below":[21],"that":[22,48,81,134,172,209],"healthy":[25],"visual":[26],"system.":[27],"Although":[28],"multiple":[29],"factors":[30],"are":[31,175],"likely":[32,70],"contribute":[34],"this":[36],"limited":[37],"effectiveness,":[38],"inability":[40],"reproduce":[42],"complex":[44],"neural":[45],"coding":[46],"patterns":[47],"arise":[49],"naturally":[50],"in":[51,150,188,216],"retina,":[53],"e.g.,":[54],"indiscriminate":[56],"activation":[57],"diverse":[59],"types":[60,83],"ganglion":[63],"cells":[64,174,193],"(RGCs)":[65],"by":[66,90,178,220],"electric":[67],"stimulation,":[68],"play":[72],"a":[73,100,168,179,210],"significant":[74],"role.":[75],"Our":[76,206],"previous":[77],"research":[78],"has":[79],"shown":[80],"different":[82],"RGCs":[85,122,170],"can":[86],"be":[87],"preferentially":[88],"activated":[89],"modulating":[91],"stimulus":[93],"amplitude":[94,137,181],"high-frequency":[96],"stimulation":[97,126,139],"(HFS).":[98],"As":[99],"step":[101],"towards":[102],"optimizing":[103],"selectivity,":[104],"our":[105],"goal":[106],"was":[107],"explore":[109],"mechanisms":[110],"underlying":[111],"sensitivity":[113],"differences":[114],"between":[115,164],"cell":[116,201],"types.":[117],"By":[118],"measuring":[119],"responses":[120,190],"2":[124],"kHz":[125],"whole-cell":[129],"patch":[130],"technique,":[131],"we":[132],"found":[133],"increasing":[135],"led":[140],"greater":[142],"depolarization":[143,152,158],"membrane":[145,217],"potentials.":[146],"While":[147],"small":[148],"increases":[149],"level":[153],"increased":[154],"spike":[155],"rates,":[156],"excessive":[157],"suppressed":[159],"spiking":[160,202],"activities.":[161],"Subsequent":[162],"comparison":[163],"ON":[165,173,192,200],"and":[166],"OFF":[167,185],"sustained":[169],"revealed":[171],"more":[176],"depolarized":[177],"given":[180],"HFS":[183,221],"than":[184],"cells,":[186],"resulting":[187],"stronger":[189],"at":[194,203],"lower":[195],"amplitudes":[196],"suppression":[198],"higher":[204],"amplitudes.":[205],"results":[207],"suggest":[208],"better":[211],"understanding":[212],"changes":[215],"potential":[218],"induced":[219],"essential":[223],"further":[225],"optimize":[226],"HFS-based":[227],"strategies":[228],"for":[229],"prosthesis.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-24T23:09:58.560324","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
