{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377089491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123764","title":"Refine EEG Spectrogram Synthesized by Generative Adversarial Network for Improving The Prediction of Epileptic Seizures*","display_name":"Refine EEG Spectrogram Synthesized by Generative Adversarial Network for Improving The Prediction of Epileptic Seizures*","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377089491","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123764"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123764","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123764","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 11th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057311321","display_name":"Yu Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6791-8217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tian Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto,Department of Computer Science,Toronto,ON,Canada","Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto,Department of Computer Science,Toronto,ON,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113893819","display_name":"Boyuan Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4468-7280"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Boyuan Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto,Department of Computer Science,Toronto,ON,Canada","Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto,Department of Computer Science,Toronto,ON,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101816212","display_name":"Yaqian Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4536-8063"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaqian Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Toronto,ON,Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Toronto,ON,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100639668","display_name":"Xilin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9547-3905"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1325899441","display_name":"University Health Network","ror":"https://ror.org/042xt5161","country_code":"CA","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xilin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Toronto,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Toronto,ON,Canada","University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada","Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Toronto,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Toronto,ON,Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Health Network (UHN), Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1325899441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8216,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70268116,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10094","display_name":"Epilepsy research and treatment","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7174423933029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6839711666107178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrogram","display_name":"Spectrogram","score":0.660660445690155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epilepsy","display_name":"Epilepsy","score":0.6461702585220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5907939672470093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.5347790718078613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.5150992274284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5109407305717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-adversarial-network","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","score":0.5050533413887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epileptic-seizure","display_name":"Epileptic seizure","score":0.4809526801109314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.46012023091316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.41143667697906494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3350711762905121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.16772553324699402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychiatry","display_name":"Psychiatry","score":0.06946352124214172}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7174423933029175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6839711666107178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45273575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578970","display_name":"Spectrogram","level":2,"score":0.660660445690155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778186239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41571","display_name":"Epilepsy","level":2,"score":0.6461702585220337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5907939672470093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.5347790718078613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.5150992274284363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5109407305717468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988773926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25104379","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","level":3,"score":0.5050533413887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779334592","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6279182","display_name":"Epileptic seizure","level":3,"score":0.4809526801109314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.46012023091316223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.41143667697906494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3350711762905121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16772553324699402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.06946352124214172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123764","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner52421.2023.10123764","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 11th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2375269577","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPIN-2022-04957","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007945931","https://openalex.org/W2125389028","https://openalex.org/W2162800060","https://openalex.org/W2808991257","https://openalex.org/W2963684088","https://openalex.org/W2963709863","https://openalex.org/W2978219229","https://openalex.org/W3046474724","https://openalex.org/W3096831136","https://openalex.org/W3151851059","https://openalex.org/W3198451926","https://openalex.org/W3209313354","https://openalex.org/W6678815747","https://openalex.org/W6685352114","https://openalex.org/W6752030877"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2888032422","https://openalex.org/W4377980832","https://openalex.org/W2897769091","https://openalex.org/W4391305993","https://openalex.org/W2845413374","https://openalex.org/W3005996785","https://openalex.org/W4297411772","https://openalex.org/W4235873501","https://openalex.org/W3128127226","https://openalex.org/W2808862658"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Epilepsy":[0],"is":[1,185],"one":[2],"of":[3,12,18,22,34,36,48,51,69,94,109,157,166,176,182,202],"the":[4,13,19,23,32,49,73,92,139,149,169,180,183,200],"most":[5,62],"common":[6],"neurological":[7],"disorders":[8],"and":[9,29,119,160,205,210],"affects":[10],"1%":[11],"world's":[14],"population.":[15],"Early":[16],"prediction":[17,47,96,154,209],"onset":[20,50],"time":[21],"seizure":[24,40,95,153,162,208],"can":[25,97],"enable":[26],"responsive":[27],"treatments":[28],"greatly":[30],"improve":[31],"quality":[33],"life":[35],"epileptic":[37],"patients.":[38,191],"Although":[39],"detection":[41],"has":[42],"been":[43],"extensively":[44],"studied,":[45],"reliable":[46],"seizures":[52],"remains":[53],"a":[54,66,106,114,120,124,131,152,161],"challenge.":[55],"Despite":[56],"recent":[57],"advances":[58],"in":[59,148,179,189,207],"deep":[60],"learning,":[61],"existing":[63],"methods":[64],"require":[65],"large":[67],"amount":[68,108],"data":[70,102,143,203],"to":[71],"train":[72],"models,":[74],"which":[75],"are":[76],"often":[77],"not":[78],"available":[79,126],"for":[80,198],"privacy,":[81],"proprietary,":[82],"or":[83],"cost":[84],"reasons.":[85],"In":[86],"this":[87],"work,":[88],"we":[89],"show":[90],"that":[91],"performance":[93],"be":[98],"improved":[99],"by":[100],"using":[101,133,141],"augmentation":[103],"from":[104,144],"only":[105,134],"limited":[107],"EEG":[110],"recordings.":[111],"We":[112,129],"developed":[113],"generative":[115],"adversarial":[116],"network":[117],"(GAN)":[118],"refiner":[121,184],"based":[122],"on":[123,187],"publicly":[125],"CHB-MIT":[127],"dataset.":[128,150],"trained":[130],"classifier":[132,140,170],"synthesized":[135],"data,":[136],"but":[137],"tested":[138],"real":[142],"all":[145,190],"23":[146],"patients":[147],"With":[151],"horizon":[155],"(SPH)":[156],"5":[158],"min":[159],"occurrence":[163],"period":[164],"(SOP)":[165],"30":[167],"min,":[168],"achieved":[171],"an":[172],"average":[173,188],"AUC":[174],"score":[175],"61%.":[177],"Improvement":[178],"use":[181],"2.1%":[186],"The":[192],"proposed":[193],"method":[194],"holds":[195],"great":[196],"promise":[197],"alleviating":[199],"problem":[201],"scarcity":[204],"imbalance":[206],"many":[211],"other":[212],"applications.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}