{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3170348329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441431","title":"Synchronous Classification of SSVEP-EMG Fusion Signal from Occipital Electrodes Using Convolutional Neural Networks","display_name":"Synchronous Classification of SSVEP-EMG Fusion Signal from Occipital Electrodes Using Convolutional Neural Networks","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3170348329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441431","mag":"3170348329"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441431","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406531","display_name":"Zhimin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-6434"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhimin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039308629","display_name":"Kai Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9446-5719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074188184","display_name":"Zhaopeng Qian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0743-0700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhaopeng Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100608943","display_name":"Fei Shen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9263-4489"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fei Shen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100715767","display_name":"Tao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7098-4285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101909579","display_name":"Haijun Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8891-6846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haijun Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100406531"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.05585328,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"2017","issue":null,"first_page":"17","last_page":"20"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7580181360244751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.7137801051139832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.7126971483230591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6894859075546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6670068502426147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","score":0.5524376034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.5113241076469421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sync","display_name":"sync","score":0.4871206283569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electromyography","display_name":"Electromyography","score":0.4850737154483795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet-transform","display_name":"Wavelet transform","score":0.4808148145675659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-processing","display_name":"Signal processing","score":0.45306405425071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.42781850695610046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelet","display_name":"Wavelet","score":0.403504878282547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.38985568284988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.3888917863368988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.3389913737773895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.10086289048194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-signal-processing","display_name":"Digital signal processing","score":0.07404473423957825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7580181360244751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.7137801051139832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.7126971483230591},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6894859075546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6670068502426147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.5524376034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.5113241076469421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3913047","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1956265","display_name":"sync","level":3,"score":0.4871206283569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777515770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507369","display_name":"Electromyography","level":2,"score":0.4850737154483795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196216189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2867","display_name":"Wavelet transform","level":3,"score":0.4808148145675659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.45306405425071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.42781850695610046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47432892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831390","display_name":"Wavelet","level":2,"score":0.403504878282547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.38985568284988403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.3888917863368988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.3389913737773895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.10086289048194885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84462506","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173142","display_name":"Digital signal processing","level":2,"score":0.07404473423957825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441431","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441431","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4932969090","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"201903D321167","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336035","funder_display_name":"Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5407753692","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11772037,32071315","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7836110926","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020YFC0122201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336035","display_name":"Shanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488931399","https://openalex.org/W1968916327","https://openalex.org/W1976450210","https://openalex.org/W2013686326","https://openalex.org/W2017144821","https://openalex.org/W2095102925","https://openalex.org/W2123292247","https://openalex.org/W2132583202","https://openalex.org/W2145302786","https://openalex.org/W2162295492","https://openalex.org/W2280592418","https://openalex.org/W2290052534","https://openalex.org/W2312402034","https://openalex.org/W2621100405","https://openalex.org/W3000563309","https://openalex.org/W3005864656"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3202969339","https://openalex.org/W4237513258","https://openalex.org/W2524993630","https://openalex.org/W2063547430","https://openalex.org/W1994410349","https://openalex.org/W2607244263","https://openalex.org/W3177028067","https://openalex.org/W2234430299","https://openalex.org/W1913385466","https://openalex.org/W1995263003"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Combinations":[0],"of":[1,12,40,65,167],"steady-state":[2],"visual":[3],"evoked":[4],"potential":[5],"(SSVEP)":[6],"and":[7,30,53,67,93,105,146,162],"electromyography":[8],"(EMG)":[9],"are":[10,24],"one":[11],"the":[13,38,62,72,86,125,134,143,150,159,164,168],"most":[14],"widely":[15],"used":[16,45],"hybrid":[17,170],"brain-computer":[18],"interfaces":[19],"(BCI).":[20],"For":[21],"users":[22],"who":[23],"suffering":[25],"from":[26,71,100],"severe":[27],"motor":[28],"impairments":[29],"could":[31,157],"only":[32,121],"control":[33],"muscles":[34],"above":[35],"their":[36],"necks,":[37],"EMG":[39,70],"jaw":[41,68,102],"clench":[42,103],"is":[43,57],"commonly":[44],"together":[46],"with":[47,128],"SSVEP.":[48],"Traditional":[49],"asynchronous":[50],"signal":[51,88,160],"collecting":[52],"serial":[54],"processing":[55],"method":[56,148,156],"time-consuming.":[58],"This":[59],"study":[60],"explored":[61],"simultaneous":[63],"classification":[64],"SSVEP":[66],"clench-related":[69],"same":[73],"occipital":[74,123],"electrodes.":[75],"A":[76],"convolutional":[77],"neural":[78],"network":[79],"(CNN)":[80],"model":[81,127],"was":[82,109],"adopted":[83],"to":[84],"classify":[85],"fusion":[87],"after":[89],"extracting":[90],"different":[91],"time":[92,166],"frequency":[94],"domain":[95],"features.":[96],"Synchronous":[97],"12-class":[98],"identification":[99],"3":[101],"patterns":[104],"4":[106,122],"stimulate":[107],"frequencies":[108],"tested":[110],"on":[111],"ten":[112],"subjects.":[113],"The":[114,154],"10-folder":[115],"cross-validation":[116],"results":[117],"showed":[118],"that":[119],"using":[120],"electrodes,":[124],"CNN":[126],"continuous":[129],"wavelet":[130],"transform":[131],"feature":[132],"achieved":[133],"overall":[135],"best":[136],"89.3\u00b14.0%":[137],"accuracy":[138],"for":[139],"sync":[140],"12-class.":[141],"Besides,":[142],"parallel":[144],"acquiring":[145],"analyzing":[147],"has":[149],"lowest":[151],"consuming":[152],"time.":[153],"proposed":[155],"reduce":[158],"channels":[161],"shorten":[163],"collect-process":[165],"SSVEP-EMG":[169],"BCI.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}