{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3173075535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441382","title":"Effect of focality of transcranial currents on neural responses","display_name":"Effect of focality of transcranial currents on neural responses","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3173075535","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441382","mag":"3173075535"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441382","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045970369","display_name":"Mats Forssell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7811-6773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mats Forssell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010372219","display_name":"Vishal Jain","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5865-6235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vishal Jain","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078477604","display_name":"Chaitanya Goswami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9483-8821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaitanya Goswami","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019096970","display_name":"Sara Caldas\u2010Mart\u00ednez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2527-2056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Caldas-Martinez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054746425","display_name":"Pulkit Grover","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7651-7776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pulkit Grover","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055383144","display_name":"Maysamreza Chamanzar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2083-7356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74973139","display_name":"Carnegie Mellon University","ror":"https://ror.org/05x2bcf33","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maysam Chamanzar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74973139"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4139,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53116147,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"289","last_page":"292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-field","display_name":"Electric field","score":0.6784735918045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6283367872238159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-direct-current-stimulation","display_name":"Transcranial direct-current stimulation","score":0.4808129072189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.4551314413547516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electric-stimulation","display_name":"Electric stimulation","score":0.43321889638900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-alternating-current-stimulation","display_name":"Transcranial alternating current stimulation","score":0.42010533809661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-activity","display_name":"Neural activity","score":0.4165314733982086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.37543049454689026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transcranial-magnetic-stimulation","display_name":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation","score":0.33120614290237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulation","display_name":"Stimulation","score":0.31756824254989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2556086778640747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.21972903609275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.12575945258140564}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60799052","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46221","display_name":"Electric field","level":2,"score":0.6784735918045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6283367872238159},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777803708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q603398","display_name":"Transcranial direct-current stimulation","level":3,"score":0.4808129072189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.4551314413547516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020056645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1327643","display_name":"Electric stimulation","level":3,"score":0.43321889638900757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90987802","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138877","display_name":"Transcranial alternating current stimulation","level":4,"score":0.42010533809661865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984127161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q969316","display_name":"Neural activity","level":2,"score":0.4165314733982086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37543049454689026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778581513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q263962","display_name":"Transcranial magnetic stimulation","level":3,"score":0.33120614290237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.31756824254989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2556086778640747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.21972903609275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.12575945258140564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441382","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6700000166893005}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1499943705","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N65236-19-C-8017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2077886726","https://openalex.org/W2088595917","https://openalex.org/W2108551919","https://openalex.org/W2516154248","https://openalex.org/W2587386871","https://openalex.org/W2620619632","https://openalex.org/W2903380895","https://openalex.org/W2914992873","https://openalex.org/W2977408395"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4283794712","https://openalex.org/W4213293081","https://openalex.org/W2734360791","https://openalex.org/W2174609772","https://openalex.org/W4206399148","https://openalex.org/W4402436691","https://openalex.org/W3092032284","https://openalex.org/W4377089381","https://openalex.org/W2006467567","https://openalex.org/W3013020568"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0,38],"elicit":[1,88],"localized":[2],"neural":[3,32,101,113],"activity,":[4],"focused":[5,92,117],"electric":[6,15,63,93,108],"fields":[7,64],"are":[8,68,115],"necessary.":[9],"In":[10],"the":[11,17,20,24,27,30,55,59,62,66,75,96,100,104,107,123,130],"case":[12],"of":[13,23,29,79,91,99,106,129],"transcranial":[14,71],"fields,":[16,119],"relationship":[18],"between":[19],"spatial":[21,77],"extent":[22,28,78],"field":[25],"and":[26,120],"resulting":[31,76],"response":[33,81,102,131],"is":[34],"not":[35],"well":[36],"understood.":[37],"understand":[39],"this":[40],"relationship,":[41],"an":[42],"ex":[43],"vivo":[44],"platform":[45],"allowing":[46],"stimulation":[47,60],"at":[48],"a":[49],"distance":[50],"was":[51],"created.":[52],"By":[53],"separating":[54],"brain":[56],"slice":[57,67],"from":[58],"electrodes,":[61],"reaching":[65],"similar":[69],"to":[70,87],"fields.":[72,94],"We":[73],"compare":[74],"neuronal":[80],"across":[82],"various":[83],"electrode":[84],"patterns":[85],"designed":[86],"different":[89],"extents":[90],"Comparing":[95],"attained":[97],"focus":[98,105,124],"with":[103],"field,":[109],"we":[110],"observe":[111],"that":[112,121,128],"responses":[114],"more":[116],"than":[118],"improving":[122],"by":[125,132],"17%":[126],"improves":[127],"around":[133],"50%.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
