{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3171931539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441153","title":"Hierarchically Spatial Encoding Module for Chronic Stroke Lesion Segmentation","display_name":"Hierarchically Spatial Encoding Module for Chronic Stroke Lesion Segmentation","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3171931539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441153","mag":"3171931539"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441153","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100420556","display_name":"Cheng Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6040-6833"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009253309","display_name":"Kai Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6105-4772"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031467394","display_name":"Yuqi Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8769-496X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqi Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074332921","display_name":"Shi\u2010Chun Bao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4182-3201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shichun Bao","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066840655","display_name":"Raymond Kai\u2010Yu Tong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4375-653X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I177725633","display_name":"Chinese University of Hong Kong","ror":"https://ror.org/00t33hh48","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raymond Kai-yu Tong","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100420556"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I177725633"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0961,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.37026144,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1000","last_page":"1003"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12702","display_name":"Brain Tumor Detection and Classification","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2808","display_name":"Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.786006510257721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6895232796669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.6873041987419128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5635175108909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5410915613174438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.5371174812316895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4814743101596832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.44896674156188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroimaging","display_name":"Neuroimaging","score":0.4211251735687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.35110247135162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.1485556662082672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.07483062148094177}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.786006510257721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6895232796669006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6873041987419128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5635175108909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5410915613174438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.5371174812316895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4814743101596832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.44896674156188965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58693492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q551875","display_name":"Neuroimaging","level":2,"score":0.4211251735687256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.35110247135162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.1485556662082672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.07483062148094177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ner49283.2021.9441153","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 10th International IEEE/EMBS Conference on Neural Engineering (NER)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.49000000953674316,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1677182931","https://openalex.org/W1770510060","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2139656398","https://openalex.org/W2157331557","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2235915136","https://openalex.org/W2301358467","https://openalex.org/W2464708700","https://openalex.org/W2791453970","https://openalex.org/W2791723176","https://openalex.org/W2962914239","https://openalex.org/W6639824700"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2327340211","https://openalex.org/W2027542625","https://openalex.org/W4292199793","https://openalex.org/W2282195379","https://openalex.org/W2089784006","https://openalex.org/W2295388821","https://openalex.org/W2102312026","https://openalex.org/W2885663991","https://openalex.org/W2071433170","https://openalex.org/W1016623679"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"stroke":[1],"is":[2,22,30,37,45,196],"still":[3],"the":[4,14,17,38,85,90,95,103,120,151,158,162,171,183,194],"leading":[5],"cause":[6],"of":[7,89,122,125,128,173],"death":[8],"worldwide,":[9],"neuroimaging":[10],"research":[11],"to":[12,165,185],"investigate":[13],"mechanism":[15],"under":[16],"brain":[18,92,164],"reorganization":[19],"and":[20,34,47,68,130,155,176],"rehabilitation":[21],"becoming":[23],"predominant.":[24],"In":[25,52],"such":[26],"areas,":[27],"lesion":[28,63,188,195],"delineation":[29],"a":[31,57,66,111,167],"critical":[32],"step":[33],"manual":[35],"tracing":[36],"gold":[39],"standard":[40],"so":[41],"far,":[42],"but":[43],"it":[44],"time-consuming":[46],"readily":[48],"influenced":[49],"by":[50,93,199],"bias.":[51],"this":[53],"work,":[54],"we":[55],"propose":[56],"volumetric":[58],"convolutional":[59],"neural":[60,152],"network":[61,153],"for":[62],"segmentation":[64,104,189],"with":[65,135,170],"novel":[67],"well-motivated":[69],"Hierarchically":[70],"Spatial":[71],"Encoding":[72],"Module":[73],"(HSEM)":[74],"based":[75],"on":[76,110],"Recurrent":[77],"Neural":[78],"Network":[79],"(RNN).":[80],"The":[81,138],"proposed":[82,143],"HSEM":[83],"leverages":[84],"inherent":[86,174],"spatial":[87,177],"characteristics":[88],"human":[91,163],"encoding":[94],"context":[96],"from":[97],"various":[98],"dimensions":[99],"hierarchically,":[100],"therefore":[101],"enhancing":[102],"results.":[105],"We":[106],"evaluate":[107],"our":[108,142,180],"approach":[109],"fresh-new":[112],"benchmark":[113],"data":[114],"set":[115],"ATLAS.":[116],"Our":[117],"method":[118],"achieves":[119],"F1-score":[121],"66.07%,":[123],"precision":[124],"69.32%,":[126],"recall":[127],"67.6%,":[129],"obtains":[131],"superior":[132],"performance":[133],"compared":[134],"other":[136],"state-of-the-arts.":[137],"experiments":[139],"prove":[140],"that":[141],"module":[144,159],"has":[145,182],"strong":[146],"robustness":[147],"when":[148],"embedded":[149],"into":[150],"structure":[154],"further":[156],"verify":[157],"can":[160],"mimic":[161],"make":[166],"diagnostic":[168],"decision":[169],"existence":[172],"anisotropy":[175],"properties.":[178],"Furthermore,":[179],"model":[181],"potential":[184],"provide":[186],"finer":[187],"in":[190],"some":[191],"cases":[192],"where":[193],"not":[197],"annotated":[198],"experts":[200],"perfectly.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
