{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2045534312","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nems.2014.6908748","title":"Nanorobotic end-effectors: Design, fabrication, and in situ characterization","display_name":"Nanorobotic end-effectors: Design, fabrication, and in situ characterization","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2045534312","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nems.2014.6908748","mag":"2045534312"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/nems.2014.6908748","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nems.2014.6908748","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050996662","display_name":"Zheng Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8137-516X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022409606","display_name":"Miao Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0493-7277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miao Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033128850","display_name":"Gautham Dharuman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-1947"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gautham Dharuman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048449695","display_name":"Xudong Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9385-1928"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xudong Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Advance Microscopy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","[Center of Advance Microscopy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Advance Microscopy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Center of Advance Microscopy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100718940","display_name":"Lixin Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8816-4944"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixin Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1226, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050996662"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09959433,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":null,"first_page":"6","last_page":"11"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10295","display_name":"Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10295","display_name":"Plasmonic and Surface Plasmon Research","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11449","display_name":"Mechanical and Optical Resonators","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11272","display_name":"Nanowire Synthesis and Applications","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanosensor","display_name":"Nanosensor","score":0.8442622423171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fabrication","display_name":"Fabrication","score":0.81879723072052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoelectromechanical-systems","display_name":"Nanoelectromechanical systems","score":0.7946540117263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.792747974395752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.6622990369796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonics","display_name":"Photonics","score":0.6567835807800293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-tunnelling","display_name":"Quantum tunnelling","score":0.5292389392852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoscopic-scale","display_name":"Nanoscopic scale","score":0.5166881084442139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nano","display_name":"Nano-","score":0.4480835497379303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanowire","display_name":"Nanowire","score":0.4417336881160736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/characterization","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","score":0.4374542832374573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanostructure","display_name":"Nanostructure","score":0.4357423186302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanobiotechnology","display_name":"Nanobiotechnology","score":0.42616650462150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.24294769763946533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanomedicine","display_name":"Nanomedicine","score":0.17539802193641663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanoparticle","display_name":"Nanoparticle","score":0.16213876008987427}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41858301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2327870","display_name":"Nanosensor","level":2,"score":0.8442622423171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136525101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5428139","display_name":"Fabrication","level":3,"score":0.81879723072052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173409883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175593","display_name":"Nanoelectromechanical systems","level":4,"score":0.7946540117263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.792747974395752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6622990369796753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.6567835807800293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120398109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175751","display_name":"Quantum tunnelling","level":2,"score":0.5292389392852783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45206210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2415817","display_name":"Nanoscopic scale","level":2,"score":0.5166881084442139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780357685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q154357","display_name":"Nano-","level":2,"score":0.4480835497379303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74214498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631739","display_name":"Nanowire","level":2,"score":0.4417336881160736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.4374542832374573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186187911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1093894","display_name":"Nanostructure","level":2,"score":0.4357423186302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26926545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1939992","display_name":"Nanobiotechnology","level":3,"score":0.42616650462150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.24294769763946533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15083742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q261659","display_name":"Nanomedicine","level":3,"score":0.17539802193641663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155672457","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q61231","display_name":"Nanoparticle","level":2,"score":0.16213876008987427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/nems.2014.6908748","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nems.2014.6908748","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The 9th IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems (NEMS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W108275200","https://openalex.org/W1583449596","https://openalex.org/W1964189680","https://openalex.org/W1965596692","https://openalex.org/W1965751628","https://openalex.org/W1968241153","https://openalex.org/W1974591393","https://openalex.org/W1984303796","https://openalex.org/W1997675630","https://openalex.org/W2003860118","https://openalex.org/W2017000832","https://openalex.org/W2020751228","https://openalex.org/W2023147957","https://openalex.org/W2026851733","https://openalex.org/W2028813582","https://openalex.org/W2032084888","https://openalex.org/W2035297212","https://openalex.org/W2038164948","https://openalex.org/W2045480651","https://openalex.org/W2045789464","https://openalex.org/W2064078467","https://openalex.org/W2069848313","https://openalex.org/W2080659521","https://openalex.org/W2080742998","https://openalex.org/W2084640683","https://openalex.org/W2110610867","https://openalex.org/W2129871590","https://openalex.org/W2133249139","https://openalex.org/W2153625194","https://openalex.org/W2167006696","https://openalex.org/W2172018527","https://openalex.org/W3008619025","https://openalex.org/W3144899803","https://openalex.org/W6635000073"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3126872468","https://openalex.org/W4317346967","https://openalex.org/W4285099144","https://openalex.org/W2103643982","https://openalex.org/W2188796877","https://openalex.org/W2089770167","https://openalex.org/W3043329414","https://openalex.org/W3143516596","https://openalex.org/W2319271163","https://openalex.org/W2121731735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"reports":[2],"three":[3,100],"types":[4],"of":[5,23,36,60,68,75],"nanorobotic":[6,107],"end-effectors:":[7],"m@CNTs-based":[8,17,25,78],"sphere-on-pillar":[9],"(SOP)":[10],"optical":[11,27],"nanoantennas,":[12],"nanotube":[13],"fountain":[14,49],"pen,":[15],"and":[16,38,109],"tunneling":[18,79],"nanosensor.":[19],"The":[20,77],"fabrication":[21,59],"method":[22],"the":[24,34,53,57,72,106,115],"SOP":[26],"nanoantennas":[28],"we":[29],"developed":[30],"has":[31],"potentials":[32],"in":[33,44,56,71,85,88,94,113,117],"investigation":[35],"nano-optics":[37],"nano-photonics":[39],"due":[40],"to":[41,64],"its":[42],"feasibility":[43],"preparing":[45],"such":[46],"devices.":[47],"Nanotube":[48],"pen":[50],"(NFP)":[51],"illustrates":[52],"practical":[54],"applications":[55],"direct":[58],"nanostructures":[61],"from":[62],"0":[63],"3D,":[65],"which":[66],"is":[67],"critical":[69],"importance":[70],"future":[73],"fast-prototype":[74],"nanodevices.":[76],"nanosensor":[80],"provides":[81],"a":[82,91],"new":[83,92,103],"design":[84],"measuring":[86],"force/displacement":[87],"nanoscale,":[89],"opening":[90],"ground":[93],"developing":[95],"nanoelectromechanical":[96],"system":[97],"(NEMS).":[98],"These":[99],"end-effectors":[101],"enable":[102],"functions":[104],"for":[105],"manipulators":[108],"extending":[110],"people's":[111],"ability":[112],"exploring":[114],"world":[116],"nanoscale.":[118]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}