{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210666195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nca53618.2021.9685709","title":"On the feasibility of adversarial machine learning in malware and network intrusion detection","display_name":"On the feasibility of adversarial machine learning in malware and network intrusion detection","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210666195","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nca53618.2021.9685709"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/nca53618.2021.9685709","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nca53618.2021.9685709","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 20th International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1284284","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042333020","display_name":"Andrea Venturi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3822-968X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","display_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","ror":"https://ror.org/02d4c4y02","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Venturi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Modena and Reggio Emilia,Department of Engineering &#x201C;Enzo Ferrari&#x201D;,Modena,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia,Department of Engineering &#x201C;Enzo Ferrari&#x201D;,Modena,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019911196","display_name":"Claudio Zanasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1681-0804"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Zanasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Bologna,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department of Computer Science and Engineering,Bologna,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042333020"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6996,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77411168,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11689","display_name":"Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.8304625749588013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-system","display_name":"Adversarial system","score":0.821656346321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8194777965545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intrusion-detection-system","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","score":0.7036800980567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6724421977996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vulnerability","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","score":0.5558844804763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relevance","display_name":"Relevance (law)","score":0.5335906744003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.4842393100261688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adversarial-machine-learning","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","score":0.4390296936035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.40865328907966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.38329410552978516}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.8304625749588013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37736160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1801315","display_name":"Adversarial system","level":2,"score":0.821656346321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8194777965545654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35525427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q745881","display_name":"Intrusion detection system","level":2,"score":0.7036800980567932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6724421977996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5558844804763794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158154518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310970","display_name":"Relevance (law)","level":2,"score":0.5335906744003296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4842393100261688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778403875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20312394","display_name":"Adversarial machine learning","level":3,"score":0.4390296936035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.40865328907966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.38329410552978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/nca53618.2021.9685709","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nca53618.2021.9685709","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE 20th International Symposium on Network Computing and Applications (NCA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/864981","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11585/864981","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1284284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1284284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196326","display_name":"Iris Unimore (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unimore.it:11380/1284284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11380/1284284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196326","display_name":"Iris Unimore (University of Modena and Reggio Emilia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122346577","host_organization_name":"University of Modena and Reggio Emilia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122346577"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W9657784","https://openalex.org/W1513231349","https://openalex.org/W1551848773","https://openalex.org/W2103154003","https://openalex.org/W2112198484","https://openalex.org/W2572504188","https://openalex.org/W2603766943","https://openalex.org/W2679033717","https://openalex.org/W2744095836","https://openalex.org/W2776884785","https://openalex.org/W2793931959","https://openalex.org/W2887679736","https://openalex.org/W2945645805","https://openalex.org/W2962061624","https://openalex.org/W2963391384","https://openalex.org/W2963461515","https://openalex.org/W2963777745","https://openalex.org/W2963896559","https://openalex.org/W2988465456","https://openalex.org/W3015481738","https://openalex.org/W3024548636","https://openalex.org/W3030742901","https://openalex.org/W3090219579","https://openalex.org/W3103836116","https://openalex.org/W3111563271","https://openalex.org/W3112910139","https://openalex.org/W3163963286","https://openalex.org/W3164220323","https://openalex.org/W3168146198","https://openalex.org/W3176065393","https://openalex.org/W3200341522","https://openalex.org/W4247200422","https://openalex.org/W4288072399","https://openalex.org/W4288103501","https://openalex.org/W6630632610","https://openalex.org/W6749794497","https://openalex.org/W6777019158","https://openalex.org/W6786257614"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3048732067","https://openalex.org/W4383468834","https://openalex.org/W4283221438","https://openalex.org/W2900159906","https://openalex.org/W4384648009","https://openalex.org/W4287828318","https://openalex.org/W2406556600","https://openalex.org/W4380352238","https://openalex.org/W3126470649","https://openalex.org/W2930249865"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nowadays,":[0],"Machine":[1],"Learning":[2],"(ML)":[3],"solutions":[4,162],"are":[5,55],"widely":[6],"adopted":[7],"in":[8,50,101,125,140],"modern":[9],"malware":[10,115],"and":[11,111,116,144],"network":[12,117],"intrusion":[13,118],"detection":[14,119],"systems.":[15],"While":[16],"these":[17,70],"algorithms":[18],"offer":[19],"great":[20],"performance,":[21],"several":[22],"researches":[23],"demonstrate":[24],"their":[25,94,123],"vulnerability":[26],"to":[27,36,66,74,121,137,158],"adversarial":[28,109],"attacks,":[29],"which":[30],"slightly":[31],"modifies":[32],"the":[33,38,42,53,59,67,82,87,133,141],"input":[34],"samples":[35],"compromise":[37],"correct":[39],"behavior":[40],"of":[41,69,84,86,108,147,150],"detector.":[43],"Although":[44],"this":[45,99,102],"issue":[46],"acquires":[47],"extreme":[48],"relevance":[49],"security-related":[51],"contexts,":[52],"defenses":[54],"still":[56],"immature.":[57],"On":[58],"positive":[60],"hand,":[61],"cybersecurity":[62,142],"poses":[63],"additional":[64],"challenges":[65],"practicability":[68],"attacks":[71,110],"with":[72],"respect":[73],"other":[75],"domains.":[76],"Previous":[77],"studies":[78],"focus":[79],"exclusively":[80],"on":[81,98],"degree":[83],"effectiveness":[85],"proposals,":[88],"but":[89],"they":[90],"do":[91],"not":[92],"discuss":[93,145],"actual":[95],"feasibility.":[96],"Based":[97],"insight,":[100],"paper":[103],"we":[104,131],"provide":[105],"an":[106],"overview":[107],"countermeasures":[112],"for":[113],"ML-based":[114],"systems":[120],"assess":[122],"applicability":[124],"real":[126],"world":[127],"scenarios.":[128],"In":[129],"particular,":[130],"identify":[132],"constraints":[134],"that":[135],"need":[136],"be":[138],"considered":[139],"domain":[143],"limitations":[146],"meaningful":[148],"examples":[149],"previous":[151],"proposals.":[152],"Our":[153],"work":[154],"can":[155],"guide":[156],"practitioners":[157],"devise":[159],"novel":[160],"hardening":[161],"against":[163],"more":[164],"realistic":[165],"threat":[166],"models.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-03T08:25:01.440150","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
