{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3215940012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nas51552.2021.9605381","title":"CALC: A Content-Aware Learning Cache for Storage Systems","display_name":"CALC: A Content-Aware Learning Cache for Storage Systems","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3215940012","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nas51552.2021.9605381","mag":"3215940012"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/nas51552.2021.9605381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nas51552.2021.9605381","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Architecture and Storage (NAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019205418","display_name":"Maher Kachmar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Maher Kachmar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061128237","display_name":"David Kaeli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5692-0151"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I12912129","display_name":"Northeastern University","ror":"https://ror.org/04t5xt781","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Kaeli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019205418"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I12912129"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1528,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.53005073,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"8"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11181","display_name":"Advanced Data Storage Technologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11478","display_name":"Caching and Content Delivery","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11614","display_name":"Cloud Data Security Solutions","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8832553625106812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache","display_name":"Cache","score":0.8294469118118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-algorithms","display_name":"Cache algorithms","score":0.6917259693145752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-deduplication","display_name":"Data deduplication","score":0.5564826726913452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-pollution","display_name":"Cache pollution","score":0.5458437204360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-coloring","display_name":"Cache coloring","score":0.5429214835166931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cache-invalidation","display_name":"Cache invalidation","score":0.5237833857536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-cache","display_name":"Smart Cache","score":0.5105708837509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.42372769117355347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-data-storage","display_name":"Computer data storage","score":0.4222135543823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.3822013735771179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.35494714975357056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.33119940757751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cpu-cache","display_name":"CPU cache","score":0.3282080888748169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8832553625106812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165596","display_name":"Cache","level":2,"score":0.8294469118118286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38556500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13404475","display_name":"Cache algorithms","level":4,"score":0.6917259693145752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32587265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1182260","display_name":"Data deduplication","level":2,"score":0.5564826726913452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113166858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5015981","display_name":"Cache pollution","level":5,"score":0.5458437204360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201148951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5015976","display_name":"Cache coloring","level":4,"score":0.5429214835166931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25536678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5015977","display_name":"Cache invalidation","level":5,"score":0.5237833857536316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167713795","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"Smart Cache","level":5,"score":0.5105708837509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.42372769117355347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194739806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66221","display_name":"Computer data storage","level":2,"score":0.4222135543823242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.3822013735771179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.35494714975357056},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.33119940757751465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189783530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q352090","display_name":"CPU cache","level":3,"score":0.3282080888748169}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/nas51552.2021.9605381","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nas51552.2021.9605381","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 IEEE International Conference on Networking, Architecture and Storage (NAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41554520","https://openalex.org/W1777663031","https://openalex.org/W1860107648","https://openalex.org/W2001467859","https://openalex.org/W2046376809","https://openalex.org/W2147407897","https://openalex.org/W2475932436","https://openalex.org/W2614464719","https://openalex.org/W2740183309","https://openalex.org/W2767897789","https://openalex.org/W2885965959","https://openalex.org/W2887237164","https://openalex.org/W2887247582","https://openalex.org/W2888561335","https://openalex.org/W2963805280","https://openalex.org/W3139377883","https://openalex.org/W6638008547","https://openalex.org/W6639025630","https://openalex.org/W6742213223","https://openalex.org/W6753531611","https://openalex.org/W6754344396","https://openalex.org/W6793907288"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2133489088","https://openalex.org/W2363769136","https://openalex.org/W2126408955","https://openalex.org/W2115222420","https://openalex.org/W2114386333","https://openalex.org/W2734782074","https://openalex.org/W2148571123","https://openalex.org/W2396934146","https://openalex.org/W2369103246","https://openalex.org/W2031173804"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"today’s":[1],"enterprise":[2],"storage":[3,24,30,60,82,120,148],"systems,":[4],"supported":[5],"services":[6],"such":[7,48],"as":[8,22,49],"data":[9,19,125,132,141,194],"deduplication":[10],"are":[11,76],"becoming":[12],"a":[13,64,101,124],"common":[14],"feature":[15],"adopted":[16],"in":[17],"the":[18,50,119],"center,":[20],"especially":[21],"new":[23],"technologies":[25],"mature.":[26],"Static":[27],"partitioning":[28,85],"of":[29],"system":[31,61,83,121],"resources,":[32],"including":[33],"CPU":[34],"cores":[35],"and":[36,96,114,130,159,169,187],"memory":[37],"caches,":[38],"may":[39],"lead":[40],"to":[41,79,116,134,183,191],"missing":[42],"Service":[43],"Level":[44],"Agreement":[45],"(SLAs)":[46],"thresholds,":[47],"Data":[51],"Reduction":[52],"Rate":[53],"(DRR)":[54],"or":[55],"IO":[56],"latency.":[57],"However,":[58],"typical":[59],"applications":[62],"exhibit":[63],"workload":[65],"pattern":[66],"that":[67,88,106],"can":[68,160],"be":[69,90],"learned.":[70],"By":[71],"learning":[72,110,155,174],"these":[73],"pattern,":[74],"we":[75,150],"better":[77],"equipped":[78],"address":[80],"several":[81],"resource":[84],"challenges,":[86],"issues":[87],"cannot":[89],"overcome":[91],"with":[92],"traditional":[93,192],"manual":[94],"tuning":[95],"primitive":[97],"feedback":[98],"mechanisms.We":[99],"propose":[100],"Content-Aware":[102],"Learning":[103],"Cache":[104],"(CALC)":[105],"uses":[107],"online":[108],"reinforcement":[109],"models":[111],"(Q-Learning,":[112],"SARSA":[113],"Actor-Critic)":[115],"actively":[117],"partition":[118],"cache":[122,133,136,170,175,195],"between":[123],"digest":[126],"cache,":[127,129],"content":[128],"address-based":[131],"improve":[135],"hit":[137,177],"performance,":[138],"while":[139],"maximizing":[140],"reduction":[142],"rates.":[143],"Using":[144],"traces":[145],"from":[146],"popular":[147],"applications,":[149],"show":[151],"how":[152],"our":[153],"machine":[154],"approach":[156],"is":[157],"robust":[158],"out-perform":[161],"an":[162],"iterative":[163,184],"search":[164,185],"method":[165],"for":[166],"various":[167],"datasets":[168],"sizes.":[171],"Our":[172],"content-aware":[173],"improves":[176],"rates":[178],"by":[179],"7.1%":[180],"when":[181,189],"compared":[182,190],"methods,":[186],"18.2%":[188],"LRU-based":[193],"implementation.":[196]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}