{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2055486171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nabic.2012.6402246","title":"A comparison of genetic algorithms and genetic programming in solving the school timetabling problem","display_name":"A comparison of genetic algorithms and genetic programming in solving the school timetabling problem","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2055486171","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nabic.2012.6402246","mag":"2055486171"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/nabic.2012.6402246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nabic.2012.6402246","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Fourth World Congress on Nature and Biologically Inspired Computing (NaBIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081976555","display_name":"Rushil Raghavjee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6010-1431"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rushil Raghavjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa","School of Management, Information Technology and Governance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Information Technology and Governance, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060039893","display_name":"Nelishia Pillay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3902-5582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95023434","display_name":"University of KwaZulu-Natal","ror":"https://ror.org/04qzfn040","country_code":"ZA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}],"countries":["ZA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nelishia Pillay","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mathematics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa","School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95023434"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12401","display_name":"Scheduling and Timetabling Solutions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12401","display_name":"Scheduling and Timetabling Solutions","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-programming","display_name":"Genetic programming","score":0.7949264049530029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.7188065052032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.679517924785614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-representation","display_name":"Genetic representation","score":0.6692071557044983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6682133078575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.5239227414131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/space","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","score":0.4894210398197174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-control-and-genetic-algorithms","display_name":"Quality control and genetic algorithms","score":0.468833863735199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-operator","display_name":"Genetic operator","score":0.4574607312679291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/domain","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","score":0.4276469349861145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optimization-problem","display_name":"Optimization problem","score":0.41772374510765076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3113362789154053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meta-optimization","display_name":"Meta-optimization","score":0.2680831551551819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2504955530166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22714674472808838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.2024689018726349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.12962138652801514}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110332635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629498","display_name":"Genetic programming","level":2,"score":0.7949264049530029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.7188065052032471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.679517924785614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6135463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532920","display_name":"Genetic representation","level":3,"score":0.6692071557044983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6682133078575134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.5239227414131165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380933","display_name":"Space (punctuation)","level":2,"score":0.4894210398197174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161164918","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268775","display_name":"Quality control and genetic algorithms","level":4,"score":0.468833863735199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9899798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629399","display_name":"Genetic operator","level":4,"score":0.4574607312679291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.4276469349861145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.41772374510765076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3113362789154053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4935549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6822261","display_name":"Meta-optimization","level":3,"score":0.2680831551551819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2504955530166626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22714674472808838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2024689018726349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.12962138652801514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/nabic.2012.6402246","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/nabic.2012.6402246","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2012 Fourth World Congress on Nature and Biologically Inspired Computing (NaBIC)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1482278031","https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W1581197621","https://openalex.org/W1968210732","https://openalex.org/W1969426100","https://openalex.org/W1992120551","https://openalex.org/W2015097024","https://openalex.org/W2034374916","https://openalex.org/W2078389146","https://openalex.org/W2086961057","https://openalex.org/W2100604298","https://openalex.org/W2168400916","https://openalex.org/W2574022113","https://openalex.org/W6684541762","https://openalex.org/W6835215279"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1553010236","https://openalex.org/W2354795553","https://openalex.org/W105549411","https://openalex.org/W1514727000","https://openalex.org/W2301486338","https://openalex.org/W3157555667","https://openalex.org/W2998167408","https://openalex.org/W33058565","https://openalex.org/W2055486171","https://openalex.org/W2381755277"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,64,130],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"compare":[4],"the":[5,40,47,58,80,111,135,140,153],"performance":[6],"of":[7,17,42,60,71,99,114,132,156],"genetic":[8,11,29,43,61,126],"algorithms":[9,23,44,127],"and":[10,106,142],"programming":[12,30,62,119],"in":[13,45,128],"solving":[14,46,129],"a":[15,25,32,69,93],"set":[16,113,131,155],"hard":[18],"school":[19,48,115],"timetabling":[20,49,116],"problems.":[21,117,133,157],"Genetic":[22,118],"search":[24],"solution":[26],"space":[27,70],"whereas":[28],"explores":[31,68],"program":[33,87,96],"space.":[34],"While":[35],"previous":[36],"work":[37],"has":[38,52],"examined":[39],"use":[41,59],"problem,":[50],"there":[51],"not":[53],"been":[54],"any":[55],"research":[56],"on":[57,79,110],"for":[63,84,101],"domain.":[65],"The":[66,104],"GA":[67,105,141],"timetables":[72],"to":[73,121,146,149,152],"find":[74],"an":[75,85],"optimal":[76,86],"timetable.":[77],"GP":[78,107,143],"other":[81],"hand":[82],"searches":[83],"which":[88],"when":[89],"executed":[90],"will":[91],"produce":[92],"solution.":[94],"Each":[95],"is":[97],"comprised":[98],"operators":[100],"timetable":[102],"construction.":[103],"were":[108,144],"tested":[109],"Abramson":[112],"proved":[120],"be":[122,147],"more":[123],"effective":[124],"than":[125],"Furthermore,":[134],"results":[136],"produced":[137],"by":[138],"both":[139],"found":[145],"comparative":[148],"methods":[150],"applied":[151],"same":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
