{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402715973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658885","title":"Deep Learning-Based Architecture for RF Frame Detection for CR Applications Using Spectrograms","display_name":"Deep Learning-Based Architecture for RF Frame Detection for CR Applications Using Spectrograms","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402715973","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658885"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658885","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658885","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE 67th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039976676","display_name":"Alejandro J. Rojas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3867-6909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39824353","display_name":"National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00bpmmc63","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Rojas","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics, and Electronics (INAOE),Dept. of Electronics,Puebla,Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics, and Electronics (INAOE),Dept. of Electronics,Puebla,Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043895547","display_name":"G. Li\u00f1\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1839-555X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104545","display_name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/01mqtzm43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I4210147934","https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Li\u00f1\u00e1n-Cembrano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Microelectr&#x00F3;nica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla),Sevilla,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Microelectr&#x00F3;nica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla),Sevilla,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056974264","display_name":"Gordana Jovanovi\u0107 Dole\u010dek","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1258-5176"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I39824353","display_name":"National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics","ror":"https://ror.org/00bpmmc63","country_code":"MX","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}],"countries":["MX"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Jovanovic Dolecek","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics, and Electronics (INAOE),Dept. of Electronics,Puebla,Mexico"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics, and Electronics (INAOE),Dept. of Electronics,Puebla,Mexico","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033577236","display_name":"J. de la Rosa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7781-8906"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104545","display_name":"Instituto de Microelectr\u00f3nica de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/01mqtzm43","country_code":"ES","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134820265","https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I4210147934","https://openalex.org/I79238269"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79238269","display_name":"Universidad de Sevilla","ror":"https://ror.org/03yxnpp24","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.M. de la Rosa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Instituto de Microelectr&#x00F3;nica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla),Sevilla,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Microelectr&#x00F3;nica de Sevilla, IMSE-CNM (CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla),Sevilla,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104545","https://openalex.org/I79238269"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039976676"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I39824353"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0911,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81510243,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"122","last_page":"125"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9817000031471252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrogram","display_name":"Spectrogram","score":0.9383745193481445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.638680100440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.6290884017944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.6127008199691772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.5298922657966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5257155299186707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.4623618721961975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3894349932670593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.33490800857543945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12365344166755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.06916683912277222}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45273575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578970","display_name":"Spectrogram","level":2,"score":0.9383745193481445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.638680100440979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.6290884017944336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.6127008199691772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5298922657966614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5257155299186707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.4623618721961975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3894349932670593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.33490800857543945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12365344166755676},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.06916683912277222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658885","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658885","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE 67th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2798440075","https://openalex.org/W2963037989","https://openalex.org/W3035965352","https://openalex.org/W3099878876","https://openalex.org/W3139897963","https://openalex.org/W3186636284","https://openalex.org/W3217404373","https://openalex.org/W4310036812","https://openalex.org/W4378421971","https://openalex.org/W4383747267","https://openalex.org/W4385212083","https://openalex.org/W4385323121","https://openalex.org/W4399612697"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2530685530","https://openalex.org/W4375868962","https://openalex.org/W2011227383","https://openalex.org/W2088854863","https://openalex.org/W4402568167","https://openalex.org/W3179495260","https://openalex.org/W1976719989","https://openalex.org/W3127543252","https://openalex.org/W2065606036","https://openalex.org/W2942893872"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,14,36,47],"deep":[4],"learning-based":[5],"architecture":[6],"for":[7,20,97],"radio":[8,33],"frequency":[9],"(RF)":[10],"frame":[11,114],"detection":[12,69,115,135],"using":[13,29,64,99],"lightweight":[15],"object":[16,134],"detector":[17],"originally":[18],"intended":[19],"computer":[21,44],"vision":[22],"tasks.":[23],"The":[24,71],"proposed":[25],"solution":[26],"was":[27,74,87],"implemented":[28],"an":[30,41,77],"ADALM-PLUTO":[31],"software-defined":[32],"(SDR)":[34],"and":[35,55,138],"Raspberry":[37,91],"Pi":[38,92],"5":[39],"-":[40],"affordable":[42],"single-board":[43],"(SBC).":[45],"First,":[46],"synthetic":[48],"spectrogram":[49],"dataset":[50],"composed":[51],"of":[52,132],"multiple":[53],"Wi-Fi":[54],"Bluetooth":[56],"signals":[57,101],"is":[58,117],"utilized":[59],"to":[60,89,94],"perform":[61],"transfer":[62],"learning":[63],"the":[65,83,90,95,104],"latest1":[66],"You-Only-Look-Once":[67],"(YOLO)":[68],"model.":[70],"training":[72],"process":[73],"executed":[75],"over":[76],"NVIDIA":[78],"RTX":[79],"3060":[80],"GPU.":[81],"Then,":[82],"trained":[84],"neural":[85],"network":[86],"transferred":[88],"connected":[93],"SDR":[96],"benchmarking":[98],"over-the-air":[100],"captured":[102],"within":[103],"2.4":[105],"GHz":[106],"band.":[107],"A":[108],"comparative":[109],"analysis":[110],"with":[111],"recent":[112],"RF":[113],"works":[116],"presented,":[118],"demonstrating":[119],"that":[120],"our":[121],"approach":[122],"features":[123],"smaller":[124],"complexity":[125],"while":[126],"providing":[127],"acceptable":[128],"performance":[129,136],"in":[130],"terms":[131],"different":[133],"metrics":[137],"processing":[139],"time2,":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
