{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402702929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658774","title":"Penta - Transistor Integrate & Fire (PTIF) Spiking Neuron with an Ultra-Low Energy Consumption of 0.045 fJ per Spike","display_name":"Penta - Transistor Integrate & Fire (PTIF) Spiking Neuron with an Ultra-Low Energy Consumption of 0.045 fJ per Spike","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402702929","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658774"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658774","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658774","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE 67th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047955697","display_name":"Shelby Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7134-9339"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79516672","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shelby Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Louisiana at Lafayette,Center for Advanced Computer Studies,Lafayette,LA,USA,70504"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette,Center for Advanced Computer Studies,Lafayette,LA,USA,70504","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014459964","display_name":"Kasem Khalil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9659-8566"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I368840534","display_name":"University of Mississippi","ror":"https://ror.org/02teq1165","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I368840534","https://openalex.org/I4210141039"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kasem Khalil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Univ. of Mississippi,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Oxford,MS,USA,38677"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Univ. of Mississippi,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Oxford,MS,USA,38677","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I368840534"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010023744","display_name":"Magdy Bayoumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0630-5273"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79516672","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Magdy Bayoumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Louisiana at Lafayette,Center for Advanced Computer Studies,Lafayette,LA,USA,70504"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette,Center for Advanced Computer Studies,Lafayette,LA,USA,70504","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5047955697"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.8898,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.7456518,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1060","last_page":"1064"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12236","display_name":"Photoreceptor and optogenetics research","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spike","display_name":"Spike (software development)","score":0.8707431554794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.6383904814720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.60064297914505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46764159202575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuron","display_name":"Neuron","score":0.46244221925735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3456874489784241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3383055329322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.22043094038963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1910402774810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.13226357102394104}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781390188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25203449","display_name":"Spike (software development)","level":2,"score":0.8707431554794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.6383904814720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.60064297914505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46764159202575684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778794669","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43054","display_name":"Neuron","level":2,"score":0.46244221925735474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3456874489784241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3383055329322815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.22043094038963318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1910402774810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.13226357102394104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658774","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas60917.2024.10658774","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE 67th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2006370340","https://openalex.org/W2032832574","https://openalex.org/W2039828522","https://openalex.org/W2098328927","https://openalex.org/W2109596721","https://openalex.org/W2116864478","https://openalex.org/W2130360162","https://openalex.org/W2157239334","https://openalex.org/W2162206850","https://openalex.org/W2402501689","https://openalex.org/W2889886075","https://openalex.org/W2893679140","https://openalex.org/W2896633909","https://openalex.org/W2896717256","https://openalex.org/W2941636934","https://openalex.org/W2962225505","https://openalex.org/W2996379674","https://openalex.org/W3022632370","https://openalex.org/W3034132555","https://openalex.org/W3105230099","https://openalex.org/W3135973444","https://openalex.org/W3176707229","https://openalex.org/W3214900078","https://openalex.org/W4207046783","https://openalex.org/W4221118848","https://openalex.org/W4283749998","https://openalex.org/W4285152481","https://openalex.org/W4285286541","https://openalex.org/W4285493934","https://openalex.org/W4304140723","https://openalex.org/W4306391577","https://openalex.org/W4312939410","https://openalex.org/W4313535910","https://openalex.org/W4366309492","https://openalex.org/W4377079687","https://openalex.org/W4387756779"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2174331923","https://openalex.org/W2050175337","https://openalex.org/W2329992713","https://openalex.org/W3050304047","https://openalex.org/W2317338006","https://openalex.org/W2385487847","https://openalex.org/W2062974934","https://openalex.org/W2385476654","https://openalex.org/W2904960904","https://openalex.org/W2348832753"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,25,35,176],"human":[1],"brain's":[2],"computational":[3],"efficiency":[4,85],"reigns":[5],"supreme.":[6],"There":[7],"is":[8,30,39,86,165],"no":[9,161],"known":[10],"device":[11],"that":[12],"even":[13],"comes":[14],"close":[15],"to":[16,31,108,171],"its":[17,22],"low-power,":[18],"massive":[19],"parallelism":[20],"or":[21],"data-processing":[23],"capabilities.":[24],"ultimate":[26],"goal":[27],"of":[28,50,91,99,111,148,154,179,202],"neuroscience":[29],"mimic":[32],"the":[33,51,87,109,114,119,146,152,180],"brain.":[34],"proposed":[36,115],"analog":[37],"circuit":[38],"one":[40,136],"such":[41],"attempt.":[42],"It":[43],"utilizes":[44],"an":[45,96],"artificial,":[46],"silicon-based,":[47],"neuronal":[48],"implementation":[49,117],"widely":[52],"recognized":[53],"Integrate":[54,75,129],"&":[55,76,130],"Fire":[56,77,131],"(I&F)":[57,132],"spiking":[58],"model.":[59],"Its":[60],"topology":[61],"exhibits":[62],"superior":[63],"structural":[64],"simplicity,":[65],"comprising":[66],"only":[67,100],"five":[68],"equivalently-sized":[69],"MOSFET":[70],"transistors.":[71],"This":[72],"Penta":[73],"Transistor":[74],"(PTIF)":[78],"model":[79],"uses":[80],"a":[81,155],"positive-feedback":[82],"design.":[83],"Energy":[84],"key":[88],"distinguishing":[89],"hallmark":[90],"this":[92],"PTIF":[93,116,181],"circuit,":[94],"with":[95],"energy":[97,121],"consumption":[98],"0.045":[101],"femtojoules":[102],"(fJ)":[103],"per":[104,123],"spike.":[105],"In":[106],"fact,":[107],"best":[110],"our":[112],"knowledge,":[113],"has":[118],"lowest":[120],"usage":[122],"spike":[124],"than":[125],"any":[126],"previously":[127],"reported":[128],"neuron":[133],"design":[134,182],"by":[135],"magnitude":[137],"(1Ox).":[138],"Linear":[139],"and":[140,151,200],"quadratic":[141],"energy-saving":[142],"performances":[143],"stem":[144],"from":[145],"exclusion":[147],"external":[149],"capacitors":[150],"utilization":[153],"subthreshold":[156],"supply":[157],"voltage,":[158],"respectively.":[159],"Additionally,":[160],"complex":[162],"transistor":[163],"resizing":[164],"necessary,":[166],"allowing":[167],"for":[168,187,193],"easy":[169],"transfer":[170],"much":[172],"smaller":[173],"technology":[174],"nodes.":[175],"aforementioned":[177],"attributes":[178],"make":[183],"it":[184],"highly":[185],"advantageous":[186],"ultra-low-power":[188],"applications,":[189],"especially":[190],"well-":[191],"suited":[192],"Edge":[194],"Computing":[195],"(EC),":[196],"Federated":[197],"Learning":[198],"(FL),":[199],"Internet":[201],"Things":[203],"(IoT).":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T23:12:01.093139","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}