{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391382351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas57524.2023.10406091","title":"Multi-Criteria Hardware Trojan Detection: A Reinforcement Learning Approach","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Hardware Trojan Detection: A Reinforcement Learning Approach","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-08-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391382351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas57524.2023.10406091"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwscas57524.2023.10406091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas57524.2023.10406091","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 66th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022379822","display_name":"Amin Sarihi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0134-8418"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10052268","display_name":"New Mexico State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hpz7z43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amin Sarihi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Klipsch School of ECE, New Mexico State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klipsch School of ECE, New Mexico State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002356859","display_name":"Peter Jamieson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3741-0201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83328450","display_name":"Miami University","ror":"https://ror.org/05nbqxr67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83328450"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Jamieson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Miami University,Department of ECE","Department of ECE, Miami University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Miami University,Department of ECE","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83328450"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of ECE, Miami University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83328450"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004529123","display_name":"Ahmad Patooghy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2647-2797"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35777872","display_name":"North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University","ror":"https://ror.org/02aze4h65","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35777872"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210143979","display_name":"Systems Technology (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/04cv8g472","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210143979"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Patooghy","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina A&#x0026;T State University,Department of Computer Systems Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina A&#x0026;T State University,Department of Computer Systems Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35777872","https://openalex.org/I4210143979"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087778749","display_name":"Abdel\u2010Hameed A. Badawy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8027-1449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I10052268","display_name":"New Mexico State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hpz7z43","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdel-Hameed A. Badawy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Klipsch School of ECE, New Mexico State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Klipsch School of ECE, New Mexico State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I10052268"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.595,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9026616,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1093","last_page":"1097"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12122","display_name":"Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs) and Hardware Security","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14117","display_name":"Integrated Circuits and Semiconductor Failure Analysis","score":0.9686999917030334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11601","display_name":"Neuroscience and Neural Engineering","score":0.9563999772071838,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/observability","display_name":"Observability","score":0.8578323125839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement-learning","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","score":0.799737274646759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7328981161117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controllability","display_name":"Controllability","score":0.7009357810020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-trojan","display_name":"Hardware Trojan","score":0.4302043914794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.4284909963607788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hardware-security-module","display_name":"Hardware security module","score":0.4139474332332611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3839918076992035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trojan","display_name":"Trojan","score":0.3743673264980316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.3530094623565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35086414217948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.32596608996391296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.13175755739212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.12162867188453674}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36299963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369844","display_name":"Observability","level":2,"score":0.8578323125839233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97541855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830687","display_name":"Reinforcement learning","level":2,"score":0.799737274646759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7328981161117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48209547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1331104","display_name":"Controllability","level":2,"score":0.7009357810020447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780873074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5656397","display_name":"Hardware Trojan","level":3,"score":0.4302043914794922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4284909963607788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39217717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432354","display_name":"Hardware security module","level":3,"score":0.4139474332332611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3839918076992035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174333608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19635","display_name":"Trojan","level":2,"score":0.3743673264980316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.3530094623565674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35086414217948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.32596608996391296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.13175755739212036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.12162867188453674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwscas57524.2023.10406091","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas57524.2023.10406091","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE 66th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977294468","https://openalex.org/W2736601468","https://openalex.org/W2756703387","https://openalex.org/W2890897811","https://openalex.org/W3082764905","https://openalex.org/W3186572303","https://openalex.org/W4281866531","https://openalex.org/W4293025084"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2332386680","https://openalex.org/W1983142522","https://openalex.org/W1986570998","https://openalex.org/W2782529250","https://openalex.org/W2037921533","https://openalex.org/W2508171592","https://openalex.org/W4318003314","https://openalex.org/W2120912790","https://openalex.org/W2782017703","https://openalex.org/W4248805755"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hardware":[0],"Trojans":[1],"(HTs)":[2],"are":[3,45],"undesired":[4],"design":[5,28],"or":[6],"manufacturing":[7],"modifications":[8],"that":[9,67],"can":[10,22,87],"severely":[11],"alter":[12],"the":[13],"security":[14],"and":[15,86],"functionality":[16],"of":[17,113],"digital":[18],"integrated":[19],"circuits.":[20],"HTs":[21],"be":[23],"inserted":[24],"according":[25],"to":[26,38],"various":[27],"criteria,":[29],"e.g.,":[30],"nets":[31,53],"switching":[32,54],"activity,":[33],"observability,":[34],"controllability,":[35],"etc.":[36],"However,":[37],"our":[39],"knowledge,":[40],"most":[41],"HT":[42,64,75,103,116],"detection":[43,65,76,84,90,104,117],"methods":[44,105],"only":[46],"based":[47],"on":[48],"a":[49,59,69,98],"single":[50],"criterion,":[51],"i.e.,":[52],"activity.":[55],"This":[56],"paper":[57],"proposes":[58],"multi-criteria":[60],"reinforcement":[61],"learning":[62],"(RL)":[63],"tool":[66,79],"features":[68],"tunable":[70],"reward":[71],"function":[72],"for":[73,81,101],"different":[74],"scenarios.":[77],"The":[78],"allows":[80],"exploring":[82],"existing":[83],"strategies":[85],"adapt":[88],"new":[89],"scenarios":[91],"with":[92],"minimal":[93],"effort.":[94],"We":[95],"also":[96],"propose":[97],"generic":[99],"methodology":[100],"comparing":[102],"fairly.":[106],"Our":[107],"preliminary":[108],"results":[109],"show":[110],"an":[111],"average":[112],"84.2%":[114],"successful":[115],"in":[118],"ISCAS-85":[119],"benchmarks.":[120]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
