{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2037923530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas.2014.6908586","title":"A hardware-based approach for implementing biological visual cortex-inspired image learning and recognition","display_name":"A hardware-based approach for implementing biological visual cortex-inspired image learning and recognition","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2037923530","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas.2014.6908586","mag":"2037923530"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwscas.2014.6908586","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas.2014.6908586","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 57th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048906166","display_name":"Wenchao Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6956-8708"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90871651","display_name":"University of Toledo","ror":"https://ror.org/01pbdzh19","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenchao Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA","Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, OH, USA, 43606"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, OH, USA, 43606","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100362718","display_name":"Wenbo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6338-7658"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90871651","display_name":"University of Toledo","ror":"https://ror.org/01pbdzh19","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA","Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, OH, USA, 43606"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, OH, USA, 43606","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100357541","display_name":"Yibo Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5078-9976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90871651","display_name":"University of Toledo","ror":"https://ror.org/01pbdzh19","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yibo Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA","Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, OH, USA, 43606"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, OH, USA, 43606","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012601739","display_name":"Ahmed Kaake","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90871651","display_name":"University of Toledo","ror":"https://ror.org/01pbdzh19","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Kaake","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA","Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, OH, USA, 43606"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, OH, USA, 43606","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046869634","display_name":"Rashmi Jha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2656-5945"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90871651","display_name":"University of Toledo","ror":"https://ror.org/01pbdzh19","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rashmi Jha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA","Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, OH, USA, 43606"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, Toledo, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Toledo, OH, USA, 43606","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90871651"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4079,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.52195842,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":null,"first_page":"1001","last_page":"1004"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7908172607421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spiking-neural-network","display_name":"Spiking neural network","score":0.7560217380523682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crossbar-switch","display_name":"Crossbar switch","score":0.6958741545677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spike-timing-dependent-plasticity","display_name":"Spike-timing-dependent plasticity","score":0.6504842042922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6005278825759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encoding","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","score":0.5826563835144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5592089295387268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5280105471611023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-cortex","display_name":"Visual cortex","score":0.48981472849845886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biological-neural-network","display_name":"Biological neural network","score":0.4771832227706909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.45122188329696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spike","display_name":"Spike (software development)","score":0.43371301889419556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4234950542449951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.40699502825737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3843582272529602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3743698000907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synaptic-plasticity","display_name":"Synaptic plasticity","score":0.18106219172477722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.16090688109397888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.14675495028495789}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7908172607421875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731999","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9067355","display_name":"Spiking neural network","level":3,"score":0.7560217380523682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29984679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929149","display_name":"Crossbar switch","level":2,"score":0.6958741545677185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159919123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7577157","display_name":"Spike-timing-dependent plasticity","level":4,"score":0.6504842042922974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6005278825759888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.5826563835144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5592089295387268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5280105471611023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779345533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75785","display_name":"Visual cortex","level":2,"score":0.48981472849845886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118403218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43283","display_name":"Biological neural network","level":2,"score":0.4771832227706909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.45122188329696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781390188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25203449","display_name":"Spike (software development)","level":2,"score":0.43371301889419556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4234950542449951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.40699502825737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3843582272529602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3743698000907898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98229152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1551556","display_name":"Synaptic plasticity","level":3,"score":0.18106219172477722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.16090688109397888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.14675495028495789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mwscas.2014.6908586","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mwscas.2014.6908586","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2014 IEEE 57th International Midwest Symposium on Circuits and Systems (MWSCAS)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533198222","https://openalex.org/W1651082065","https://openalex.org/W1990404128","https://openalex.org/W2010526455","https://openalex.org/W2107994122","https://openalex.org/W2112181056","https://openalex.org/W2121289914","https://openalex.org/W2156640153","https://openalex.org/W2323986115","https://openalex.org/W2746924059","https://openalex.org/W6636805820","https://openalex.org/W6743135226"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2542565870","https://openalex.org/W4306175885","https://openalex.org/W4391232523","https://openalex.org/W4224253226","https://openalex.org/W4312604567","https://openalex.org/W4387390134","https://openalex.org/W3126544799","https://openalex.org/W2165312143","https://openalex.org/W4211183819","https://openalex.org/W3110622310"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"report":[4],"a":[5,66],"simulation":[6],"based":[7,58],"study":[8],"of":[9,19],"large-scale":[10,75],"image":[11],"learning":[12],"and":[13,26,72],"recognition":[14],"using":[15,45,77],"neural":[16],"network":[17],"consisting":[18],"active":[20],"pixel":[21],"sensor":[22],"(APS),":[23],"LIF":[24],"neurons,":[25],"memristive":[27,56],"devices":[28,57],"as":[29],"synapses":[30],"in":[31],"crossbar":[32],"array.":[33],"Our":[34],"studies":[35],"indicate":[36],"that":[37],"images":[38,76],"can":[39,50],"be":[40,51],"efficiently":[41],"encoded":[42],"into":[43],"spiking-patterns":[44],"the":[46,55,74],"proposed":[47,63],"model":[48],"which":[49],"used":[52],"to":[53],"train":[54],"on":[59],"spike-timing-dependent-plasticity":[60],"(STDP).":[61],"The":[62],"scheme":[64],"provides":[65],"robust":[67],"approach":[68],"for":[69],"encoding,":[70],"learning,":[71],"recognizing":[73],"hardware-based":[78],"neural-circuits.":[79]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
